Ṭanpuina pakhat chauh hmang hian leukemia ang natna khirh tak tuar mi pakhat nunna zawng zawng i chhanhim thei ang tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Chu chu thil mak tak a ni lo maw? Chu chu thisen stem cell donation chu a ni. He hming hriat hi a hlauhawm deuhin a lang thei a, thil lian tak angin a lang thei bawk. Mahse vawiinah hian he thu hi awlsam takin, in hriatthiam theih angin kan sawi dawn a ni.
Heng thisen stem cell te hi engte nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, stem cell hi kan taksaa ‘master’ cell chi khat a ni. Chu chu heng cell te hi taksa mamawh cell chi hrang hrangah an lo chang thei tihna a ni. Heng kan sawi mek thisen stem cell te hian kan thisenah hian cell chi thum pawimawh tak tak: thisen sen, thisen var, leh platelet te chu a siam vek thei a ni. Heng cell te hi kan ruhroah hian a awm tlangpui.
Chuvangin, mi pakhatin leukemia ang chi thisen cancer a neih chuan thil thleng chu ruhroa cell siamna factory chu a kal lo ta a ni. Chumi awmzia chu cell hrisel aiah cell pangngai lo, natna nei lo siam chhuah a ni tihna a ni. Chutih lai chuan stem cell hrisel tak transplant a ngai ta a ni.
Tute nge stem cell transplant mamawh?
He enkawlna hian nunna chhanhimna tur natna chi hrang hrang a awm a. A tam zawkah chuan hengte hi thisen leh immune system nena inzawm natna an ni.
He enkawlnaah hian damlo ruhro chhia, natna nei chu tihchhiat a, mi hrisel hnen atanga lak chhuah stem cell hmanga thlak a ni. Chumi hnuah chuan heng cell tharte hian damlo ruhroah an awm a, thisen cell thar, hrisel tak tak an siam tan ta a ni.
Hetiang enkawl ngai natna lian ber ber thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:
- Leukemia: Thisen var cancer a ni.
- Lymphoma: Lymphatic system-a cancer a awm.
- Multiple Myeloma: Ruh chhunga plasma cell awmte cancer a ni.
- Aplastic Anemia: Ruhroin cell thar a siam theih lohna dinhmun a ni.
- Sickle Cell Anemia: Thisen sen (red blood cells) pianzia tidanglam thei, thlahtu natna a ni.
- Myeloma leh ruhro natna dang hrang hrang.
Engtin nge ‘best fit’ i thlan?
Hei hi a pawimawh ber leh a buaithlak ber a ni. Thisen peknaah thisen chi hrang hrang a inmil ang bawkin, stem cell peknaah hian inmilna thuk zawk a ngai a ni. Hei hi HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) matching an ti a .
HLA hi kan taksa chhunga cell tin chunglam a marker set a ni. Kan immune system hian heng marker te hi a en a, ‘hei hi kan taksa peng a ni’ nge ‘hei hi ram dang thil a ni’ tih a hriat theih nan. Donor leh recipient te HLA marker te chu a theih ang anga inang vek tur a ni. An nih loh chuan damlo taksain cell thar dah chu a hnawl thei a, a nih loh leh cell thar chuan damlo taksa chu a bei thei bawk.
Doctor-te chuan hetiang hian candidate tling an zawng thin:
1. Chhungkaw member hnai tak tak: Unau te hi an inkawp tha ber. Nu leh pa leh fate inkarah pawh match a awm thei bawk.
2. Unrelated donors: Chhungkaw member pakhat chu match a nih loh chuan khawvel hmun hrang hranga stem cell donor registry kaltlangin match pakhat chu zawn chhuah a ni.
3. Haploidentical donors: A chang chuan chhungkaw member (e.g., nu leh pa, fate) HLA marker-a half-matched dik tak hman theih a ni.
Nang pawh hi contributor i ni thei ang em? - A kalphung step by step
Miin hetiang thil ropui tak tih a duh chuan a kalphung mumal tak a awm a ni. Hei hian donor leh dawngtu te tan pawh himna sang ber a siamsak a ni.
| Step hrang hrang | Hrilhfiahna |
|---|---|
| 1. Inziak lut tur | A hmasa berin donor registry-ah i tel tur a ni a, chutah chuan i hriselna chanchin chungchanga zawhna leh chhanna i fill up a, i remtihna i sawi chhuak ang. |
| 2. HLA test neih a ni | I HLA type hriat nan test an nei thin. A awlsam khawp mai. I hmui chhung chu cotton bud te tak te hmangin i swab a, chu cell sample chu test turin i thawn thin. |
| 3. Match zawng chhuak | I HLA type chu damlo nen a inmil a nih chuan registry chuan a rawn biak ang che. Hei hian thla tam tak a daih thei a, kum tam tak pawh a daih thei bawk. A nih loh leh match a ni ngai lo mai thei bawk. |
| 4. Confirmation test neih thin a ni | Match hmuh a nih chuan thisen sample lak a ni ang a, chu chuan thu belhchian dawl zawk leh inmilna a finfiah ang. I hrisel theih nan medical examination kimchang pawh tih a ni ang. |
| 5. Awareness leh remtihna pek | Counselor chuan a kalphung zawng zawng, a hlauhawmna leh thil dang zawng zawng chu a hrilhfiah ang che. Tichuan, i informed consent chu lak a ni ang. |
Hemi atan hian tute nge tling lo?
Mi zawng zawng hian stem cell an pe thei lo. Kum leh hriselna dinhmun hi a pawimawh ber a ni. A tlangpuiin kum 18-40 inkar hrisel tak takte chu an inziak lut thei a ni. Thilpek dawng thei lo tura siam thei condition ṭhenkhat chu:
- HIV/AIDS vei a nih avangin.
- Autoimmune natna, ruh natna nasa tak (e.g. Rheumatoid Arthritis) te.
- Lung natna (heart attack, bypass surgery) nei tawh.
- Cancer enkawl tawh (a bik takin kum 5 kalta chhung khan).
- Insulin hmanga zunthlum vei.
- Hepatitis B emaw C emaw natna vei a ni.
- Kal natna na tak a ni.
He list hi a kimchang lo hle. Thilpek pe duh mahse i tlin leh tlin loh i hriat chian loh chuan i doctor nen inbiakna neih a tha ber.
Cell harvesting process hnathawh dan
Donor atana pawm i nih hnuah i cell lakkhawm ni atanga ni engemaw zat atanga tan nitin injection pek i ni ang. Hei hi Filgrastim an ti a . He injection hian i ruhro a tichak a, i thisenah stem cell tam tak a chhuah tir a ni. He injection hian side effect tenau tak tak a thlen thei a, chu chu taksa na, khawsik tlem, leh lu na te hi a ni. Mahse, hengte hi injection hnuah a bo thuai ang.
Cell lakkhawm ni hian hetiang hi a thleng thin:
1. Chair emaw khum nuam takah i dah ang.
2. I kut pahnih vein pakhatah cannula (tube te tak te) i dah ang.
3. Khawthlang lamah chuan i thisen chu machine-ah a lut a. He machine hian thisen atanga stem cells chauh a then a.
4. Stem cells te an inthen hnuah thisen la awm chu i kut lehlam a cannula hmangin i taksaah a rawn let leh thin.
A kalphung zawng zawng hi darkar 4-6 vel a ni. Cell mamawh zat lakkhawm nan ni 2-3 vel a ngai thei. Thisen pek ang mai a ni a, mahse a rei deuh a ni.
Hetiang tih hnuah hian hlauhawmna lian tham leh side effects a awm lo. Mi thenkhat chuan calcium level a tlahniam deuh a, taksa ruh a ti na thei bawk. Chutih hunah chuan medical team te chuan calcium tablet an pe ang che. Thawhlawm thawh zawh hnuah chuan i thil tih dan pangngai chu i chhunzawm thei tawh ang.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Thisen stem cell pek hi thil ropui tak a ni a, leukemia ang chi natna khirh tak vei mi pakhat hnena nunna pek ang chi a ni.
- Hei hi donor tan chuan procedure him tak a ni. Hun rei tak chhung chu i taksa tan harsatna a awm lovang.
- Donor ni tur chuan mimal hrisel tak i nih a ngai a, damdawi lam kaihhruaina i zawm a ngai bawk.
- Donor leh damlo matching hi HLA type a innghat a nih avangin thil thleng tlemte tak a ni thei. Chuvangin mi tam zawk donor anga inziak lut hi a pawimawh hle a ni.
- Hetiang kalphung hi hriat belh i duh chuan i doctor nen inbia ang che. Kaihhruaina dik tak an pe ang che.
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