“Cancer” tih thumal kan hriat hian kan rilruah hlauhna leh lungkhamna a lo lang thin. Chu chu thil pangngai a ni. Amaherawhchu, damdawi lam thiamna a lo thang chho zel a, cancer enkawl dan pawh a lo tha chho ta hle a ni. Vawiin hian cancer dona kawnga game tidanglamtu leh mi tam tak tan beiseina thar thlentu enkawlna kawng ropui tak chungchang ka sawi dawn a ni. Hei hi Immunotherapy an ti a. A awlsam zawngin, cancer dona atana pawn lam damdawi pek ai chuan, kan invenna (defense) hmangin kan do a ni. Hei hian engtin nge hna a thawh tih i en ang u.
Chuti a nih chuan, Immunotherapy chu eng nge ni?
Hei hi hrethiam tur chuan entirnan tlem han la ila. If you have an allergy , dust mites duh chuan, allergy shot i la tawh mai thei. Shot-ah hian allergen hi a tlem hle. I taksaa a luh chuan i immune system chuan a dodal tan a, mahse natna a siam lo. Zawi zawiin i dose i tihpun chuan i taksa chuan allergen hi a hmang thiam ta a ni. Chu chu i taksain a laka immunity a siam tihna a ni.
Immunotherapy hi chutiang thil chu a ni. Cancer chu kan cell pakhat ngei pawhin thunun theih loha “chhiat” taka a awm tan hi a ni. Immunotherapy enkawlna beiseina chu kan taksa natural defense system-in heng “cell tha lo” te hi a hriat theih nan leh tihchhiat tumin a inzirtir hi a ni. Kan taksaa lut virus emaw bacteria emaw do ang bawkin.
A awlsam zawngin kan taksa invenna kalphung hi ram police ang mai a ni. Cancer cell te hi mi pangngai anga inthuam misual ang an ni. Immunotherapy hian police-te chu heng misualte hi inthuamna inthuamte hi a zawng chhuak thei a ni.
Immunotherapy chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?
Zirchiangtute chuan kan immune system hian cancer cells a hriat theih dan leh a tihchhiat theih dan kawng engemaw zat an hmuchhuak a. A chi hrang hrang thenkhat han thlir ila.
| Immunotherapy chi hrang hrang | A hnathawh dan (a awlsam zawngin) . |
|---|---|
| Adoptive T-Cell Immunotherapy hmanga enkawl a ni | T-cells (defence soldiers) te chu taksa atanga lakchhuah a ni a, lab-ah chak zawka siam a ni a, chumi hnuah taksaah pek let leh a ni. |
| Checkpoint-a inthiarfihlim thei te | Cancer cell-te'n an thup nan an hman "breakpoint" te chu a tichhuak a, chu chuan defense system chu a bei thei ta a ni. |
| Monoclonal Antibody te hi a awm a | Lab-a siam special "tag" ang mai an ni. Chûngte chu cancer cell-ah an inzawm a, immune system-in awlsam taka a hriat theih nân chhinchhiahna a siam a ni. |
| Cancer vaccine pek dan tur | Immune system hi cancer thenkhat (e.g. HPV vaccine) lo awm tur ven nan emaw, cancer awmsa bei turin emaw zirtir a ni. |
1. Adoptive T-Cell Immunotherapy (A bik taka training nei T-cell hmanga enkawlna) .
Hei hi special force training ang mai a ni. Kan immune system-a sipai lian ber pakhat chu T-cells an ti a.
He enkawlnaah hian doctor-te chuan heng T-cells thenkhat hi i tumor atang hian an la thin. Tichuan, lab-ah chuan heng T-cell zingah hian eng T-cell nge cancer dotu ber tih an zawng thin. “Sipai ṭha ber berte” an thlang a, genetically engineer-in an siam a, an tichak lehzual a, maktaduai tam takah an tipung a ni.
A tawpah chuan he “super-powered T-cell army” hi IV hmangin i taksaah dah leh a ni. Tunah chuan heng cell te hian cancer cell zawngin an tichhe nghal vek a ni.
He category hnuaia enkawlna lar ber pakhat chu CAR T-cell therapy . Naupang leh puitling leukemia vei leh cancer chi hrang hrang, lymphoma ang chi, enkawlna dang dawng lo tan hman a ni.
2. Checkpoint-a Inthiarna (Inhibitor) te
Kan immune system hian “brake” system a nei bawk. Chungte chu checkpoint an ti a. Heng brake te hi kan immune system hian kan cell hrisel tak takte a tul lo taka a beih loh nan a awm a ni.
Mahse cancer cell fing tak takte chuan he brake system hi an hmang tangkai hle. An chung lamah protein an siam a, chu chuan heng checkpoint te hi a tichak a, defense system hnenah signal an thawn a, "I ta zinga mi ka ni a, min bei suh," an ti a ni. Rukruin police uniform a ha ang mai a ni.
Checkpoint inhibitor damdawi hian cancer cells te chu a hmuna vawng rengtu he "brake" hi a chhuah tir a, hei hian hna a thawk a ni. Hei hian kan T-cells te hian cancer chu hmelma a nihzia a hre thei a, a bei thei a ni.
Tunah chuan he enkawl dan hi cancer chi hrang hrang, lung, hnute, kal, leh vun cancer (melanoma) te tan hlawhtling takin an hmang ta a ni.
3. Monoclonal Antibody te hi a awm a
Hengte hi antibodies an ni a, lab-a a bik taka siam an ni. Cancer cell zawng chhuak thei leh man thei "missile" ang mai an ni.
Kan immune system hian cancer cell te hi "tha lo" tiin a hre thei ngai lo. Chutiang ti turin monoclonal antibodies te chuan a pui thin. Heng antibodies te hi cancer cell chung lamah an innghat tlat a ni. Tichuan, chu cell chungah chuan flag a thlawk ang mai a ni a, chu chuan immune system tan a hmuh awlsam phah ta a ni. "Hetah hian hmelma a awm" tih ang mai a ni. Tichuan T-cells te hian awlsam takin chu cancer cell te chu an tichhia thei a ni.
Monoclonal antibodies thenkhatah chuan cancer dona damdawi ( chemotherapy ) emaw radioactive substance emaw an inzawm khawm a. He antibody hian damdawi chu cancer cell-ah direct-in a phur a, a thawn chhuak ta a ni.
4. Cancer natna hri danna
Hengte hi vaccine pangngai ang chiah a ni. A chi hnih a awm a, chungte chu:
- Preventive vaccine: Hei hi cancer thlen thei virus laka invenna vaccine a ni. Entirna tha ber chu HPV (Human Papillomavirus) vaccine hi a ni. He HPV virus hian cervical cancer bakah cancer chi dang engemaw zat a thlen thei bawk. HPV vaccine lak hian chu hlauhawmna chu nasa takin a tihziaawm thei a ni. Hemi chungchang hi doctor nen inbia a, hriat belh a pawimawh hle.
- Treatment vaccine: Hengte hi taksaa cancer awm tawh chu bei thei tura immune system zirtirna atana siam a ni.
Immunotherapy hmalam hun tur chu eng nge ni?
Immunotherapy hi a la thang chak hle a, scientist-te chuan kan immune system-in cancer a dona dan hi hriatthiamna tha zawk neih tumin hma an la reng a ni.
Tin, immunotherapy hi enkawlna dang, chemotherapy ang chi nena hman dun theih a nih leh nih loh enfiahna kalpui mek a ni bawk. A châng chuan immunotherapy chi hnih an pe khawm ṭhin.
Mahse zawhna lian tak, chhan loh a la awm. Chu chu, engvangin nge he enkawlna hian enkawlna dang ang bawkin damlo thenkhat tan a thawk tha em em a, thenkhat tan erawh a tha lo hle. Hei hi a chhan zawn chhuah tumin zirchianna a la kal zel a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Immunotherapy hi kan taksa chakna hmanga cancer dona atana hmanraw changkang tak a ni.
- Cancer cells direct-a beih ai chuan hei hian kan immune system chu chu cells te chu hriatchhuah leh tihchhiat turin a "train" zawk a ni.
- Immunotherapy hmanga enkawlna chi hrang hrang a awm a, chungte chu Checkpoint Inhibitors, CAR T-cell therapy, leh Monoclonal Antibodies te hi a ni.
- Hetianga enkawl dan hi cancer chi hrang hrang tan emaw, damlo zawng zawng tan emaw a tha lo. I damdawi lam dinhmun a zirin doctor-in a ruat ang.
- Nangmah emaw, i hriat miin emaw cancer vei an nih chuan heng tunlai enkawlna chungchang hi i doctor nen sawiho la, eng damdawi nge i tana tha ber tih zawt rawh.
Immunotherapy, cancer enkawlna, cancer enkawlna sinhala , T-cells, checkpoint inhibitor, monoclonal antibodies, CAR T-cell therapy, cancer, Sri Lanka
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