Mi pakhat chu a rilru a buai hle tih a lang nghal a, thu a sawi tlem hle a, a nih loh leh awmze nei lo thiltih ang chiah chu a ti nawn leh tih i hmu ngai em? “He mi chungah hian eng thil nge thleng?” A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, he dinhmun hi—thluak hnathawh tihbuai, mi pakhatin a chhehvêla khawvêl a hmuh dân leh a chhân lêt dân a tidanglamna hmun—chu Catatonia tia hriat a ni. Thil buaithlak tak angin lang mah se, Nirogi Lanka-ah chuan, a ṭhen darh a, hriatthiam awlsam taka hrilhfiah turin kan awm a ni.
Catatonia chu eng nge ni? I ti chhe vek ang u...
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, catatonia hi natna khirh tak a ni a, i thluak hnathawh dan a tibuai a, i chhehvel khawvel i hmuh dan leh i inpawh dan a nghawng a ni. Catatonia vei mite chuan an chhehvel thilte chu an ngaihtuah lo thei a, a nih loh leh thil danglam tak tak an ti thei bawk. He dinhmun hi a bul berah chuan thusawi tlahniam, chetna pangngai lo (a nih loh leh che thei lo tak tak), leh nungchang lama inthlak danglamna nasa tak a awm a ni.
He natna hi German rilru lam doctor Karl Kahlbaum-a’n kum 1874 khan a lo sawi tawh tih i hria em? Chuti chung chuan catatonia hi hriatthiam loh emaw, hriat sual emaw a la ni fo. Tunhma lam atang khan, rilru lam natna (schizophrenia) vei mimalteah chauh a awm niin an ngai sual a ni . Chubakah, psychiatric community chhungah pawh hian diagnostic criteria dik tak chungchangah ngaihdan hrang hrang a awm thei bawk. Thil buaithlak zawk chu, hriselna dinhmun dang tam takah pawh agitation emaw mutism ang chi symptoms a awm thei a, chu chuan catatonia diagnosis dik tak chu clinical challenge dik tak a ni.
Tu nge hlauhawm ber?
Catatonia hian hnam leh mipa leh hmeichhia a zirin a thliar hrang lo. Chu ai chuan a hnuaia hriselna dinhmun chi hrang hrangte nen hian hmuh tur a tam ber a ni:
- Psychiatric conditions: I rilru hriselna nghawng nghal thei natna.
- Neurological conditions: I thluak taksa insiam dan leh hnathawhna tichhe thei natna.
- Damdawi lam thil dang: I taksa peng pawimawh tak pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw nghawng thei systemic illnesses.
Kan section lo awm turah hian a chhan leh a lan chhuah dan chiang tak takte chu kan chhui thui zawk ang.
Catatonia hi engtiang chiahin nge a awm?
Tuna zirchianna atanga a lan dan chuan rilru lam enkawlna dawngtu damlo 0.5% atanga 2.1% vel ah catatonia a awm thin. Mahse, inpatient mental health facility-a admit damlo zingah chuan he zat hi 10% velin a kai chho thei a ni .
Hei hian i taksa leh thluak ah eng nge a tih?
Catatonia hian i thluak hmun bik a tichhe a, chu chuan “catatonic state” an tih chu a thlen a ni. Thluak hmuna natna vei te hian hna pawimawh engemaw zat an thunun a, chung zingah chuan:
- Chet.
- Sensory processing: Hmuh dan, hriatna, rim, khawih leh ei zawng i hrilhfiah dan.
- Hriatrengna.
- Cognitive abilities: I ngaihtuahna leh i ngaihtuahna seng.
- Fuihthar.
- Emotional regulation (Emotional regulation) a ni.
- Executive functions: Thutlukna siam leh mahni inthununna.
I hmuh angin catatonia hian thluak hmun hrang hrang a nghawng avangin a natna lan chhuah dan hi a inang lo hle. Hei vang tak hian underlying condition hrang hrang tam tak nen a inzawm fo va, Nirogi Lanka-a specialist-te tan chuan diagnosis buaithlak tak a la ni reng a ni.
Catatonia natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?
American Psychiatric Association-in DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition) a tihchhuahah chuan official-a hriat chhuah catatonia symptom 12 a awm a. Anni hi han thlir ho ila:
- Agitation: Pawn lam thil awm lovin rilru hahna nasa tak emaw, thinrimna emaw tawk.
- Catalepsy: Hun rei tak chhung taksa dinhmun vawn reng; sawn a nih chuan chu dinhmun tharah chuan i awm reng thei a ni.
- Echolalia: Mi dang thusawi emaw, aw emaw sawi nawn leh, echo ang maia sawi nawn leh.
- Echopraxia: Mi dang chetna entawn.
- Grimacing: Hmêl lan dân nghet, dik lo vawn reng, a nih loh leh chhan hriat loha nuihzat pawh a ni thei.
- Mannerism: Thiltih pangngai tih chu a uar lutuk, a danglam bik, a nih loh leh theatrical taka tih.
- Mutism: Thusawi thiam lohna tam tak emaw, a pum pui emaw (chu chu aphasia ang chi natna dang vang a nih loh phawt chuan).
- Negativism: Thupek zawm duh lo emaw, chhan awm lova movement dodal emaw.
- Posturing: Physics pose nuam lo emaw, bizarre tak emaw hun rei tak vawn.
- Stereotypy: Repetitive, non-goal-directed movement, kut zungtang hmanga fidgeting emaw vun hrual emaw ang chi.
- Stupor: Environment laka reactivity tlahniam dinhmunah awm reng, harh lai pawhin.
- Waxy flexibility: Miin che tir che a tum a nih chuan dodalna tlem i lantir a, chutah chuan i taksa ruhte chu a relax a, i ke ruhte chu wax nem tak atanga siam ang maiin a awm thei a ni.
Note: Nangmah emaw, i hmangaih tak emaw chuan nungchang lama inthlak danglamna nasa tak emaw, lungngaihna emaw i tawk a nih chuan emergency services te biak emaw, damdawi in hnai ber pan nghal emaw rawh. Nirogi Lanka team tan chuan i himna hi a pawimawh ber a ni.
Hei hi han ngaihtuah teh: i ṭhian pakhatin i thusawi dik tak (`Echolalia`) a sawi nawn leh ṭan emaw, i chetna apiang (`Echopraxia`) a entawn ṭan emaw chuan, i rilru a buai ang, a dik em? Hengte hi he natna nena inzawm symptom thenkhat chauh an ni.
Catatonia-a functional level hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?
Mi tam tak chuan Catatonia tih awmzia chu vawt taka thut leh che thei lo anga thut tihna a ni fo niin an ngai. Mahse, chutiang chu a ni ngai lo. Catatonia hi nungchang inthlak danglamna rang tak, beisei loh taka inthlak danglam, a nih loh leh che nasa lutuk leh awm reng angin a lang thei bawk. Heng level hrang hrangte hi hetiang hian an thliar hrang a ni:
- Excited/Hyperkinetic: Hei hi a tlangpuiin nungchang inthlak danglamna angin a lang thin. A chhan chiang tak awm lovin tum nei lo pacing, agitation, aggression, a nih loh leh erratic behavior i hmu mai thei. Thusawi dân danglam tak, mi dangte entawn, leh ṭhenkhatah chuan mahni intihhlum theihna hlauhawm tak i hmu thei bawk .
- Withdrawn/Hypokinetic: Hei hi mi tam zawkin Catatonia nena an inzawmna classic presentation a ni. Mi malte chu an harh lai pawhin an chhehvêl chu an chhâng lo thei a, inlakhran vek angin an lang thei a ni. An ngawi reng fo va, hmêl lan dân chu a flat hle a, dinhmun nghet tak emaw, thil danglam tak emaw an vawng thei a, chet tumna eng pawh chu an do thei bawk. Ei leh in an duh lo thei a, insum theih lohna an tuar thei bawk.
- Mixed: Hei hi hyperkinetic leh hypokinetic state pahnih features i hmuh hian a thleng thin. Mimal pakhat chu vaukhânna tel lovin heng extreme-te inkarah hian hriat lawk loh takin a inthlak thei a ni.
Malignant Catatonia hi eng nge ni a, nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni em?
Thil engemaw takah chuan Catatonia hian thihna thlen thei harsatna a thlen thei a ni. Hei hi Malignant Catatonia tia hriat a ni . Hetiang dinhmun hian Dysautonomia a thlen a, chu chu i autonomic nervous system a thawk tha lo tihna a ni. He system hian i duh loh zawng taksa kalphung, heart rate leh blood pressure te chu a tidanglam thin a ni.
Malignant Catatonia natna lan chhuah dan chu:
- Taksa lumna sang hlauhawm tak (Hyperthermia).
- Lung natna chak tak (Tachycardia).
- Thaw tam lutuk (Diaphoresis).
- Thisen sang a nghet lo.
- Cyanosis: Hei hian thisen oxygen level tlahniam a kawk a, chu chuan vun hmun thenkhat, a bik takin hmui leh nail vel chu a rawn sen tir thin.
Hei hi hriat reng a pawimawh hle: Malignant Catatonia hi nunna atana hlauhawm medical emergency a ni. I thluak control automatic functions a tihchhiat avangin thihna a thlen thei a ni. Heng symptoms te hi i hmuh chuan 911 emaw i awmna hmuna emergency number emaw dial-in emergency medical care zawng nghal rawh.
Catatonia hi eng thilin nge a thlen?
Kum 150 dawn zet zirchianna neih a nih hnuah pawh mithiamte chuan Catatonia thlen chhan dik tak hi an la hmuchhuak lo. Mahse, theory hrang hrang a awm a, thluaka chemical inthlauhna atanga genetic predisposition thlengin a awm.
A chhan hriat chhuah pakhat chauh a awm loh avangin, mithiamte chuan damdawi lam thil dang nena a inzawmna hmangin an hre chiang ber a ni. Catatonia nena inzawm rilru lam hriselna dinhmun tlanglawn tak takte chu:
- Bipolar disorder a ni.
- Schizophrenia natna (Schizophrenia) natna a ni.
- Schizoaffective natna (Schizoaffective disorder) a ni.
- Depressive disorder lian tak a ni.
Catatonia nena inzawm neurological leh physical condition tlanglawn tak takte chu:
- Autism spectrum natna a ni.
- Autoimmune natna (entir nan, Lupus , Multiple sclerosis ) te hi a ni.
- Thluak natna (degenerative thluak natna) (eg, Dementia , Parkinson natna ).
- Down syndrome tih hi a ni.
- Substance-related conditions (damdawi prescription leh ruihhlo dan lo pawh huam tel).
- Encephalitis , anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis te pawh a tel.
- Electrolyte inthlauhna awm thei te.
- Epilepsy natna a ni.
- Thinlung lama harsatna nei.
- Normal-pressure-a awm hydrocephalus a ni.
- Thai.
- Tourette natna a ni.
Hei hi natna hrik kai theih a ni em?
Ni lo, a ni lo tak zet. Catatonia hi natna hrik kai theih a ni lo. Midang hnen atangin i man thei lo va, midang hnenah pawh i thehdarh thei hek lo.
Engtin nge doctor-te chuan Catatonia hi an hriat theih?
I doctor chuan catatonia a hriat theih nan kawng hrang hrang a hmang ang. Hetiang kalphung hi a tlangpuiin neurological examination atanga tan thin a ni . He exam chhung hian i doctor chuan i reflexes, response te, leh i chhehvel khawvel nena i inzawmna (or inpawh loh) te a zirchiang ang.
Chumi hnuah chuan i doctor chuan standardized assessment tool, Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale , hmangin catatonia a awm leh awm loh a finfiah ang a, a nasat dan a teh ang. A hriat chian hnuah, a dawt leh tur chu a chhan bulpui hriat chian a ni a, a chhan chu catatonia hi taksa emaw rilru lam hriselna dinhmun awm tawh aiin a pahnihna a ni deuh ber. Catatonia hi damdawi lam natna khirh tak tak, nunna atana hlauhawm tak nen a inzawm theih avangin, heng thil pawimawh tak tak, a hnuaia awmte hi paih chhuah hi ngaih pawimawh ber a ni.
Eng test nge tih thin?
Catatonia hriatchhuah leh a bulpui ber hriatchhuah nan a hnuaia test te hi an ti tlangpui thin:
- Imaging test: Chung zingah chuan CT scan emaw MRI scan emaw pawh a tel thei .
- Thisen, zun, leh cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) test: Heng test te hian chemical imbalances emaw infection emaw hriat theihna turin a pui thin. CSF examination-ah hian lumbar puncture (spinal tap) hmangin i spinal canal atanga tui tlemte lakkhawm a ni.
- Brain activity assessment: EEG (Electroencephalogram) hian i thluak electrical activity chu a record a, epilepsy ang chi condition te chu a awm lo.
Eng enkawlna nge awm a, a dam kim thei em?
Catatonia enkawlna hi a tlangpuiin a hnuaia damdawi lam emaw rilru lam dinhmunah a innghat a ni. Taksa emaw, thluak lam thil emaw avanga lo awm a nih chuan, chu dinhmun bik enkawl chuan catatonic symptoms chu a ti tha fo thin. Psychiatric conditions nena inzawm a nih chuan therapeutic approach hrang hrang hian rah tha ber a chhuah thin.
Eng damdawi emaw, therapies emaw nge hman?
Catatonia enkawl dan tlangpui pahnih a awm a, chungte chu damdawi leh Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) te an ni. Therapies dang, transcranial magnetic stimulation , te pawh a awm a, mahse an hmanna hmun zau tak chu clinical-a hmanna tur finfiahna a la awm lo.
Damdawi chi hrang hrang
Benzodiazepine class damdawi hi catatonia enkawlna ber a ni a, a himna leh a thatna a sang hle. Catatonia vei zinga 60% leh 90% inkar chuan benzodiazepines hmangin hmasawnna an nei tih an hmuchhuak. Lorazepam hi hman tam ber a ni a, mahse clonazepam , diazepam , leh zolpidem te pawh hi a tangkai thei hle. Heng damdawi te hi thisen kal tlanga (IV) , injection hmanga pek emaw, ei emaw hmanga pek theih a ni.
Damdawi dang ( mood stabilizer emaw antipsychotic drugs ) te hi a \angkai thei a, mahse first-line treatment atan hman a ni tlangpui lo. A bul tanna catatonic state a reh hnuah secondary symptoms enkawlna atan an tangkai zawk. Fimkhur a pawimawh hle a, antipsychotic damdawi hian a châng chuan catatonia a ti na thei a, a nih loh leh malignant catatonia emaw neuroleptic malignant syndrome emaw a tizual thei a ni.
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) hmanga enkawl theih a ni.
ECT hi i thluak hmun bikteah electrical current na lo tak hmanga rei lo te, controlled seizure siamna a ni. Procedure chhung zawng hian general anesthesia hnuaiah i awm ang a, chu chuan natna leh hrehawmna i neih loh nan a enkawl ang.
ECT hi a hlawk hle a, catatonia avanga dawngtu zawng zawng deuhthaw hian hahdamna an tawng vek a ni. Malignant catatonia enkawlna gold-standard a ni a, chutiang hunah chuan nunna chhanhim thei a ni. Damlo dawng lo damlote tan pawh hmanraw hlu tak a ni.
Enkawlna a\angin eng harsatna emaw, nghawng \ha lo emaw a awm thei?
Complication leh side effects hi treatment bik emaw, therapies combination emaw i dawn dan azirin a inang lo. Nirogi Lanka-a i personalized treatment plan nena inzawm side effects emaw risks bikte sawifiah turin i doctor chu mi tha ber a ni.
Heng symptoms te hi ka neih chuan engtin nge ka enkawl ang?
Hei hi a pawimawh hle: Catatonia hi natna khirh tak a ni a, damdawi lama mithiam tawnhriat ngah tak takte tan pawh hriat a harsa thei hle. Chu bâkah, damdawi lama emergency pawi tak, nunna atana hlauhawm tak nên pawh a inzawm thei bawk. Heng thilte avang hian he natna hi mahni inhriatchhuah emaw, mahni inenkawl emaw tum ngai suh. Emergency services te biak emaw, damdawi in hnai ber pan nghal emaw theih a ni.
Enkawlna i tan hnuah engtiang chiahin nge i dam thuai ang a, dam lehna tur hian eng chen nge a rei ang?
Catatonia ang dinhmunah chuan mi zawng zawng tawnhriat hi a danglam bik hle. I doctor hi i dam leh hun tur chungchangah kaihhruaina chiang tak pe thei tur mi tha ber a ni a, i medical history kimchang leh a hnuaia hriselna dinhmun eng pawh an factor dawn avangin.
Benzodiazepines hian hna a thawk rang khawp mai. Intravenous (IV) a pek a nih chuan damlo tam tak chuan minute 10–15 chhungin hmasawnna an nei tan thin. Oa ei a nih chuan minute 20–30 vel a ngai thei a, a nghawng a hriat theih. Mahse, a dose dik tak hmuh hian hun a duh rei thei avangin damlo thenkhat chuan an catatonic state-a hmasawnna nasa tak hmuh theih nan ni engemaw zat enkawlna an mamawh mai thei.
ECT hi enkawlna tha tak leh rang tak a ni bawk. Damlo thenkhat chuan minute tlemte emaw darkar tlemte emaw chhungin hmasawnna chhinchhiahna an lantir laiin, thenkhat erawh chuan session tam tak neih a ngai thei thung. Damlo tam zawk chuan kar khatah vawi tam tak kar engemaw zat chhung chu ECT an dawng thin a, mahse thenkhat chuan an natna lan chhuah dan a reh hma loh chuan nitin session neih a ngai mai thei.
Catatonia ven dan emaw, a hlauhawmna tihtlem dan emaw a awm em?
Catatonia hi a chhan bulpui atanga lo chhuak a ni fo thin a, chu chu mithiamte tan pawh a buaithlak reng a ni. Chuvangin, a ven theihna tur emaw, i risk tihhniam theihna tur kawng chiang tak a awm lo.
Mahse, rilru lam natna awm tawh sa damdawi pek i nih chuan, damdawi lam enkawlna tel lovin i ei loh a pawimawh hle a, chutianga i tih chuan catatonia vei theihna a tipung thei a ni.
Hetiang dinhmun hi ka neih chuan eng nge ka beisei ang?
Catatonia vei mimal tam zawk chuan an chhehvel hi eng emaw chen chu an hre reng a ni. Harsatna chu thil thleng mek chu a pangngaia chhan theih lohna hi a ni. An hriat loh anga lang pawh ni se, mi tam tak chuan an catatonic state-a thil thlengte chu an hre reng a ni.
Catatonia hian khawvel nena in inpawh theihna a nghawng avangin, inbiakpawhna emaw, i enkawlna chungchanga thutlukna siam emaw chu i harsat phah thei a ni. Chutiang hunah chuan Nirogi Lanka-a i medical team chuan i chhungte emaw, healthcare proxy ruat emaw nen inremna siamin, a tha thei ang bera puihna i dawn theih nan an thawk ho ang.
Catatonia hi eng chen nge a awm theih?
Catatonia vei rei zawng hi a chhan bulpui leh enkawlna pek danah a innghat a ni. A hun taka enkawlna zawn hi a pawimawh hle. Hun rei tak enkawl loh chuan a natna hi enkawl a harsa zual thin. Nirogi Lanka-a i doctor hi i hriselna dinhmun bik aṭanga i beisei theih turte sawipui turin mi ṭha ber a ni.
Hetiang dinhmun hi eng nge a nih?
Catatonia ngei pawh hi a tlangpuiin nunna atana hlauhawm a ni lo ( malignant catatonia hi medical emergency, enkawl vat ngai a ni nachungin). Mahse, thiltih loh vanga harsatna— pulmonary embolism emaw, pneumonia emaw ang chi—chuan hlauhawmna nasa tak a thlen thei a ni. Chu bâkah, chu natna chu a awm reng emaw, a lo lang leh fo emaw chuan enkawl a harsa zâwk ṭhîn. Vanneihthlak takin benzodiazepines leh ECT hmang hian hlawhtlinna rate a sang hle a, catatonia hi enkawl theih sang tak a ni .
Mood disorder ( bipolar disorder emaw major depressive disorder ang chi) nei damlote chuan schizophrenia vei te aiin enkawlna an dawng tha zawk fo thin. Mimal tin hi kan danglam vek a, chuvangin i hriselna zinkawng bik chungchangah prognosis dik ber tur chuan i Nirogi Lanka doctor rawn la.
Engtin nge catatonia na tak hi i enkawl ang?
Catatonia na tak vei chuan mahni in enkawl thei lo va, professional medical supervision a mamawh a ni. Catatonia hian mimal pakhat chu a che thei lo emaw, a chhehvel a chhan let thei lo emaw a nih avangin damdawi lama harsatna lian tham a thlen theihna a sang hle. An ei leh in thei lo thei a, chu chuan tui tlakchhamna leh ei leh in lama harsatna a thlen thei a ni . Incheina tlakchhamna hian pneumonia a thlen thei bawk . Chu bâkah, thisen zam (blood clots) an neih theihna an nei a, chu chuan stroke emaw, pulmonary embolism emaw hlauhawmna a keng tel a ni. Chu bâkah, anmahni emaw, mi dangte emaw tâna chhiatna thlen thei thiltih a awm thei bawk.
Engtikah nge damdawi lam thurawn i lak ang?
Catatonia chhinchhiahna nei chuan damdawi lam pan vat a ngai a ni . Heng symptoms te hian nunna atana hlauhawm medical emergency dang, hmanhmawh taka hmalak ngai te chu a entawn thei a ni. I hmangaih tak pakhatin catatonia symptoms a neih chuan damdawi in hnai ber panpui emaw, emergency services (911 ang chi) zawh nghal tur a ni.
Engtikah nge Emergency Department (ED) ah i kal ang?
Catatonia vei mimal, a bik takin schizophrenia ang chi natna hnuaia awmte chu mahni intihhlum leh mahni intihhlum duhna kawngah an hlauhawm zawk a ni. Mahni inhriatthiam lohna, mahni intihhlum emaw, midang tihnat emaw ngaihtuahna i neih chuan, i hnai ber Emergency Department-ah kal nghal la, 911-ah pawh call la, tualchhung rilru hriselna lama harsatna tawk hotline-te pawh i pan nghal thei bawk.
Thutawp atan chuan heng thute hi hre reng ang che
Catatonia hi natna khirh tak a ni a, thluak hnathawh a tibuai a, khawvel nena in inpawh dan a nghawng bawk. Mimal ṭhenkhat chu an inhnukdawk emaw, an chhân lêt lo emaw a ni thei a, ṭhenkhat erawh chuan thil hlauhawm tak ni thei tûrin hriat lawk loh takin an awm thei thung. Catatonia hi rilru lam emaw taksa lam natna hrang hrang atanga lo chhuak a ni thei. Nunna atana hlauhawm nghal lo mah se, harsatna nasa tak a thlen thei a, Malignant Catatonia -ah a kal thei a, chu chu nunna atana hlauhawm medical emergency a ni.
A tuarte chu anmahni enkawl thei lo an nih fo avangin professional medical care hi a pawimawh hle. Vanneihthlak takin catatonia hi enkawl theih sang tak a ni a, damlo tam zawk chuan damdawi an ei tha hle. Damdawi ei lote tan chuan electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) hi a hlawk fo thin. Nirogi Lanka leh professional provider dangte hnen atanga a hun taka leh tangkai taka enkawl a nih chuan catatonia nghawng chu a let leh thei fo a, chu chuan hriselna lama harsatna awmte chu chinfel leh enkawl theih a ni.
Thupui pawimawh: Catatonia, rilru hriselna, thluak lama harsatna, nungchang lama harsatna, chetna lama harsatna, enkawlna, symptoms
