Naupang zir thiam tak, mahni inrintawkna neia hnathawk thei, mahse ṭhiante zawm leh inbiakna neih chu tlem a hreh deuh tih i hmu tawh em? Nu leh pa thenkhat chuan hei hi zakzumna niin an ngai a, mahse a chang chuan damdawi lam chhan a awm thei. Vawiin hian he natna hi kan sawi dawn a, chu chu "High-Functioning Autism" tia sawi fo thin a ni a, mahse a takah chuan awmzia zau zawk a nei thung.
"High-Functioning Autism" tih hi eng nge ni tak tak?
Sawi hmasa ber tur chu ‘High-Functioning Autism’ hi official medical diagnosis a ni lo. Nitin inbiaknaah kan hman thin informal term a ni. A tlangpuiin nun thiamna bulpui, thusawi, ziak, lehkha chhiar, ei leh in, incheina, mahni insiamthatna thlenga khawsa thei te sawina atan hman a ni.
Damdawi lamah chuan he natna hi Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) an ti a. A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, autism hi thluak thanlenna nena inzawm, hmasawnna lama harsatna a ni. Hetah hian ‘spectrum’ tih thumal hi a pawimawh hle. Rainbow ang maiin han ngaihtuah teh. Rainbow rawng hrang hrang ang bawkin ASD vei te zingah hian a natna lan chhuah dan nasat dan hi a inang lo hle. Thenkhatin symptoms na tak tak an nei thei a, thenkhat erawh chuan symptoms na lo tak tak an nei thei thung. Intelligence quotient (IQ) level pawh mi hrang hrangah a inang lo thei hle bawk.
Tun hma, kum 1990 hma lam khan autism hi natna lanchhuahna na tak tak nei te chauh hmuhchhuah a ni. Mahse a hnuah chuan natna chi hrang hrang (milder forms of the condition) pawh an hmuchhuak ta a ni. Asperger 's Syndrome tih hi i hre tawh mai thei . Tin, a dinhmun a na zawk bawk.
Mahse kum 2013 khan American Psychiatric Association chuan heng autism nena inzawm natna zawng zawng hi umbrella pakhat hnuaiah an dah vek a ni. Chu chu tunlaia kan sawi tum chu a ni, autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Chuvangin tunah chuan in hre tawh ang, "High-Functioning Autism" leh "Asperger's" kan tih pawhin, an vai hian ASD tih category zau zawkah an tel vek a ni.
ASD (High-Functioning Autism) vei mizia chu engte nge ni?
ASD spectrum-a mi zawng zawng ang bawkin ‘High-Functioning’ kan tihte tan chuan harsatna lian ber chu khawtlang inlaichinna leh inbiakpawhna a ni.
- Khawtlang nun thiamna lama chak lohna: Midangte rilru put hmang, hmel lan dan, ., Thumal (social cues)-a awmzia awmte hriatthiam a harsa hle. Chuvangin thian siam hi a harsa thei hle. Birthday party-a kal lai kha han mitthla teh, naupang dangte chu an inkhelh dun laiin, ASD vei naupang chu a mah chauhin a sir lamah a ding thei a ni. Hei hi a duh loh vang ni lovin, chu khawtlang dinhmun chu engtin nge a hmachhawn ang tih a ngaihtuah thiam loh vang a ni. Tin, mit a inhnaih tlem a, a tul lo taka thusawi tenau tak takah a inhmang bawk.
- Repetitive leh Restrictive Habits: Routine leh order hi an ngaina hle. Tlemte pawh a danglam chu an duh lo. Entirnan, nitin sikul panna kawng khat an zawh a ngai a, an infiamna te chu a inrual taka dah a ngai a ni. Thil tih nawn fo thin an nei thei bawk. Entirnan, an kut an beng a, an rock leh thin.
- Ngaihtuah bîk: Thupui pakhat, dinosaur, rel, a nih loh leh video game-te ang chi chu an ngaihven hle thei a, chu chauh sawi tûra thlêm an ni thei bawk.
A pawimawh ber chu ASD vei chu eng ang pawhin zirna lama thiamna nei mah se, an harsatna inang vek chu heng social skills hmasawn lo tak takte hi a ni.
Engtin nge doctor hian he natna hi a hriat theih ang?
ASD hriat theihna tur medical test chiang tak, thisen test ang chi a awm lo. Doctor-te chuan hun kal zelah naupang nungchang leh an thanlen dan enfiahin official diagnosis an siam tlangpui. Naupang hian thla 18 a tlin atang tawhin ASD chhinchhiahna a hmu thei tlangpui. Kum 2 a tlin chuan specialist chuan definitive diagnosis a siam thei tlangpui. Mahse, a châng chuan, a bîk takin natna lan chhuah dân tlem nei tân chuan, a hnu lawkah, tleirawl emaw, puitling emaw pawh a ni thei.
Naupang ASD vei hmuhchhuah dan hi a bulpui pathum a awm a.
| Diagnostic tih dan tur | A awlsam zawngin... |
|---|---|
| 1. Hmasawnna thlirletna | Nu leh pa leh Doctor te hian naupang than chhoh dan an enfiah chhunzawm zel dawn a ni. Naupang hian an kum nena inmil taka hmasawnna tur milestone a thleng em tih an enfiah ang. I doctor chuan i fa nena inbiakna leh inkhelh hmangin hei hi a teh ang. |
| 2. Hmasawnna lam Screening neih a ni | Hei hi tlem a thuk zawk a ni. Naupang chetna, ngaihtuahna, nungchang, rilru put hmang leh tawng thiamna te a ngaihven bik a ni. Heng test te hi thla 9, 18, leh 30 ah te tih a tha tlangpui. |
| 3. Hmasawnna lam hriat chian | Test-naah harsatna a awm tih a hriat chuan doctor chuan naupang chu specialist hnenah a refer ang. Hei hi naupang rilru lam doctor, speech-language pathologist, a nih loh leh developmental pediatrician a ni thei. Formal test an nei ang a, naupang hian ASD a nei em tih chiang takin an hre ang. |
Puitlingte natna hriatchhuah dan
Puitlingah chuan ASD hmuhchhuah hi a danglam deuh hlek a ni. Doctor chuan i nun hman mek, khawtlang nun , i nungchang sawi nawn fo thin, i ngaihven zawng, leh i hmachhawn tur harsatna te a sawi ang. I naupan lai chanchin pawh an zawt mai thei bawk. Chumi chungchâng chu nu leh pa emaw, unau emaw i zâwt duh thei bawk.
ASD leh sikul/hnathawh nun
Zirna hrang hrangah chuan ASD vei thalai te hian college-ah STEM subject (Science, Technology, Engineering, leh Math) an thlang zawk tih hmuhchhuah a ni. ASD vei naupang fing pangngai (average intelligence) te pawh hian naupang fing inang nei dangte aiin math an thiam zawk thin. Mithiamte chuan hei hi ASD vei te hian pawl hrang hranga thiamna bik leh pattern an neih dan hriat theihna vang a ni an ti.
Mahse heng talent nei chung hian ASD vei zingah hna nei lo an tam hle. Kum 2021 khan ASD vei puitling zinga 85% chu hna nei lo an ni.
Hei hi a chhan ber chu job interview-a harsatna an tawh thin vang a ni. Because ASD affects social skills , interview neih chhunga inbiakna thiamna mamawh an tlachham thei. Hnathawh tur atana thiamna mamawh zawng zawng nei mah se, interviewtu chuan anmahni lakah bias a nei thei a ni.
Mahse heng harsatnate karah hian ASD vei tam tak chuan an career-ah sang tak tak an chang zel a ni. Chumi entirnan Temple Grandin hi a langsar hle. Animal control system design-naah hian hna danglam tak a nei a ni.
Chumi awmzia chu, puihna leh hun remchang dik tak pek an nih chuan ASD vei te hian an thiamna danglam tak hmangin khawvel tan thawhhlawk tak an nei thei tihna a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- "High-Functioning Autism" tih hi official medical term a ni lo. Thumal dik tak chu Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) tih hi a ni.
- Hei hi spectrum a ni a, chu chu mi hrang hrangah symptoms leh a nasat dan a inang lo hle tihna a ni.
- Harsatna ber chu khawtlang nun thiamna leh inbiakpawhna a ni. He harsatna hi eng ang pawhin finna lama thiamna nei mah la, a awm thei.
- I fa emaw, nangmah emaw chungchangah ngaihtuahna i neih chuan online test emaw, mi dangte thusawiah emaw thutlukna siam suh. Medical professional thiam tak hnen atangin thurawn la fo ang che.
- Hriat chian, thlawpna leh hriatthiamna dik tak a awm chuan ASD vei tu pawhin nun hlawhtling leh hlim takin an nung thei a ni.
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