Hypoxemia - thisena oxygen tlahniam chungchang hi i zir dawn teh ang!

A chang chuan thawk harsa ang maiin i inhria em? A nih loh leh i rilru a tight deuh ang maiin? Hei hi a chhan pakhat chu i thisena oxygen level tlahniam vang a ni thei. Hei hi damdawi lam chuan hypoxemia kan tih chu a ni. Hei hi natna khirh tak ni thei mah se, uluk taka i hriatthiam a, a tul anga i tih chuan a enkawl tha thei a ni. Chuvangin, vawiin hian he thu hi chipchiar deuhin han sawi ila, kan sawi dawn em ni?

Hypoxemia chu eng nge ni?

A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, hypoxemia chu kan thisen hian oxygen a neih tur aia tlem a nih chuan a ni. Hetiang hian han ngaihtuah teh: kan taksa hi motor ang a ni. Car pakhatin a kal theih nan gasoline a mamawh ang bawkin, kan taksa peng leh cell tin hian a thawk tha thei tur chuan oxygen kan mamawh a ni.

He oxygen hi kan thisenah hian kan thaw chhuah hian lung (lungs) kaltlangin a lut thin. Kan thawk chhuah hian boruaka oxygen awm chu kan lung chhungah a lut a. Lung chhungah hian boruak bawm te tak te, grep hrui chunga grape te tak te ang mai a awm a. Hengte hi `(Alveoli)` kan ti a ni. Heng `(Alveoli)` chhehvelah hian thisen kalna kawng tha tak tak `(Capillaries) tam tak a darh a. Kan thawk chhuah hian boruak lo lut oxygen chu chu thisen kalna kawng tha tak tak hmangin heng `(Alveoli)`-ah hian a lut ta a ni. Tichuan he oxygen hian thisen nen taksa pum puiah a kal a, kan tissue-ah a thleng ta a ni.

Chuvangin, he thil kalpui danah hian khawi emaw laiah harsatna a awm a nih chuan, chu chu kan thawknaah oxygen a awm tawk lo a nih chuan, emaw, lungin thisenah oxygen a hip lut tha thei lo a nih chuan, thisena oxygen level a tlahniam a, chu chu hypoxemia a awm tihna a ni.

Hypoxemia hian nghawng hrang hrang a nei thei a, a nasat dan leh a rei zawng a zirin . A châng chuan lu na leh thawk hah ang chi symptoms na lo tak tak a thlen thei bawk. Mahse a nasat chuan thinlung leh thluak hnathawh a tibuai thei a, ``Hypoxia`` tih natna a thlen thei a, chutah chuan taksa peng leh tissue te oxygen an tlachham a, thihna thlengin a thlen thei bawk.

Hei hi hun rei lote chhunga a lo awm chuan "acute respiratory failure" kan ti a, thla tam tak emaw kum tam tak emaw chhunga harsatna a awm chuan "chronic respiratory failure" kan ti bawk.

Hypoxemia leh Hypoxia hi eng nge an danglamna?

Hypoxemia leh hypoxia tih hi i hre tawh mai thei. An ri inang reng laiin, danglamna tlem a awm.

• Hypoxemia hi thisen a oxygen tlakchhamna a ni.
• Hypoxia hi kan taksa peng hrang hranga oxygen a thlen tlemna a ni.

Hypoxia hi hypoxemia an tih natna avanga lo awm a ni fo thin. Chumi awmzia chu thisenah oxygen level a hniam chuan tissue-ah pawh oxygen level a tlahniam tihna a ni. Mahse chutiang chu a ni reng reng lo. A châng chuan, thisenah oxygen level pangngai nei mah se tissue-ah oxygen a tlem thei a, a nih loh leh thisenah oxygen level hniam mah se tissue-ah oxygen a tlem thei bawk. A buaithlak deuh a, mahse a pawimawh ber chu an pahnih hian oxygen level hniam nen an inzawm tlat a ni.

Tute nge hypoxemia vei tam zawk?

Tu pawhin he natna hi hypoxemia an tih hi vei thei mahse, mi thenkhat chuan an vei theihna a sang zawk.

• Hetiang hlauhawmna hi lung natna nei tan a sang hle a, entirnan, asthma, COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), leh pneumonia te tan a sang hle.
• Hei hian thinlung natna nei te pawh a nghawng thei bawk . A chhan chu thinlung hi taksa pum puia oxygen tamna thisen pump chhuaktu a nih vang a ni. Chuvangin thinlung hnathawh danah harsatna a awm chuan thisen a oxygen level pawh a nghawng dawn a ni.
• Tin, natna hrik kai \henkhat, influenza, pneumonia, leh COVID-19 te pawhin hypoxemia vei theihna a tipung thei bawk .

Hei hi eng symptoms nge ni?

Okay, tunah chuan he hypoxemia dinhmunah hian eng symptoms nge kan hmuh tih hi han en ila. Heng symptoms te hi natna nasat dan azirin a danglam thei a, chu chu oxygen a hniam dan leh a chhan a zirin a danglam thei a ni.

• Lu na: Lu na fo thin.
• Dyspnea: Thâwk harsa tih hriatna, rilru khauh tak, leh thawk hah lutuk.
• Tachycardia: Thinlung thawk chakna tihpun.
• Khuh: Khuh chhunzawm zel.
• Wheezing: Thâwk chhuah laiin rilru atanga whistling ri lo chhuak.
• Buaina: Luak chhuak leh tih tur hre lo.
• Vun, nail, leh hmui blue (Cyanosis): Hei hi a natna lan chhuah dan pawi zawk a ni. Taksain oxygen a hmuh tlem chuan a chang chuan vun, nail leh hmui te chu a rawn sen thei a.

Hypoxemia thlentu berte chu engte nge ni?

Hypoxemia hian chhan tam tak a nei thei. Mahse a tam zawkah chuan a chhan ber chu damdawi lam dinhmun hnuaia awm a ni. Chumi awmzia chu thinlung emaw, lung natna emaw, thawk emaw, thisen kal dan emaw tichhe thei chu a chhan a ni fo tihna a ni. Damdawi thenkhat chuan thawk a tikhawtlai a, hypoxemia a thlen thei bawk .

`(Sleep Apnea)` tih natna i hre tawh mai thei. Mut laiin thawk a chawlhsan fo thinna a ni. Chutiang dinhmunah chuan emaw, lung natna na lo tak tak nei te tan chuan thisenah oxygen level chu zan lamah a tlahniam thei a ni. Hei hi `(Nocturnal Hypoxemia)` an ti a.

Thil dang chu hmun sang tak pannaah pawh hypoxemia a awm thei bawk . Nuwara Eliya ang tlang sang takah i kal chuan chuvang chuan mi thenkhat chuan thawk harsa ang maiin an inhria tih han ngaihtuah teh. Hei hi a chhan chu boruak a oxygen awm zat hi a san chhoh zel chuan a tlahniam a ni.

A chhan tlemte dang...

Hypoxemia thlen thei dinhmun dang thenkhat chu:

• Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) natna vei te hi a ni.
• Anemia - chu chu thisen tlakchham tihna a ni
• Asthma natna a ni
• Bronchitis a ni
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) a awm a, a rilru a hah lutuk a, a rilru a buai em em bawk.
• Congenital heart defects - pian tirh atanga lo awm thin thinlung natna
• Congestive heart failure a awm thin
• Emphysema - lung chhunga air sacs tihchhiat
• Pneumonia natna (Pneumonia) a ni
• Lung vel boruak emaw, lung tlak (Pneumothorax) emaw .
• Pulmonary edema a awm thin
• Pulmonary embolism a awm thin
• Lung chhunga hliam (Pulmonary fibrosis) .
• Pulmonary hypertension a awm bawk

Hypoxemia thlentu thil chi hrang hrang 5 lian tak tak

Tunah chuan hypoxemia lo awm chhan ber 5 te hi han en ila. Hengte hi damdawi lam deuh a ni a, mahse awlsam taka hriatthiam tum ila.

1. Ventilation-Perfusion (V/Q) inthlauhna: Ngaihtuah teh, thisenin oxygen a dawn theih nan chuan lungte hian boruak a neih tawk a ngai a (hei hi ventilation an ti a), chu oxygen phur tur chuan lungin thisen tling a neih a ngai a ni (hei hi perfusion an ti a). Heng pahnih zinga pakhatah hian harsatna a awm a nih chuan, entirnan, lungin boruak a dawng tlem a, mahse thisen a tling lo a nih chuan, emaw, thisenin boruak a dawng tlem a, mahse boruak a tling lo a nih chuan, oxygen chu thisenah a lut tha lo tihna a ni. Hei hi `(V/Q) mismatch` an ti a. Hei hi lung natna emaw, lung natna emaw vang a ni fo.

2. Diffusion impairment: A chang chuan lungin boruak leh thisen a dawng tling a, mahse chuap chhunga oxygen awm chu thisen kalna kawnga a luh (diffused) a harsa thin. Filter pores a inkhar ang bawkin tui a kal tlang thei lo. Hei hi emphysema emaw lung hliam emaw ang chi dinhmun avang a ni thei.

3. Hypoventilation (Hypoventilation): Hei hi kan thaw thûk lutuk emaw, muang lutuk emaw a ni. Chumi awmzia chu oxygen tling lo chu lungah a lut lo tihna a ni. Hei hi lung natna tam tak leh thluak natna thenkhat avanga lo awm thei a ni.

4. 4. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a.Environment oxygen hniam: Kan chhehvel boruak hi oxygen a tlem chuan eng ang pawhin thawk mah ila kan taksain a mamawh oxygen a hmu lovang. A hmaa ka sawi tawh ang khan tlang sang hmuna boruak hi oxygen a tlem hle.

5. Right-to-left shunting: A tlangpuiin kan taksaa oxygen tlachham (poor) thisen hi thinlung dinglamah a kal a, chuta tang chuan lungah oxygen la turin a kal (purify), chumi hnuah thinlung veilam lamah a kal leh a, taksa pum puiah pumped a ni. Mahse, mi thenkhatah chuan he oxygen tlakchhamna thisen hi lung lam pan lovin thinlung dinglam atanga taksa veilam lamah direct-in a kal thei a ni. Tichuan, oxygen tlachham thisen chu taksa pum puiah a kal a. Hei hi right-to-left shunting an ti a. A tam zawkah chuan thinlungah thil danglam engemaw zat a awm avangin hetiang hi a thleng thin.

Engtin nge hei hi i diagnose?

Okay, tunah chuan doctor-in he hypoxemia natna hi engtin nge a hriat chhuah tih kan en ang. Doctor hmu tura i kal chuan i thinlung leh i lung a ngaithla hmasa phawt ang. A chhan chu heng taksa peng hrang hranga thil dik lo eng pawh hi thisenah oxygen tlakchhamna chhinchhiahna a ni thei a ni. I vun, hmui leh kut zungtang te chu a sen em tih a enfiah bawk ang.

Chu bakah, i oxygen level enfiah nan a hnuaia test te hi i ti thei bawk:

• Pulse oximetry: Hei hi i hmu tawh ngei ang. I kut zungtang-a clip thei, i thisena oxygen level tehna hmanrua te tak te a ni. A na lo va, thisen a ngai lo. Doctor tam tak chuan routine checkup neih laiin an hmang thin.
• Arterial blood gas test: Hei hi thisen chhunga oxygen level dik taka tehna a ni a, chu chu kutphah, kut zungtang (crook of the arm), emaw, kekawr bul (groin) ang chi hmun atanga thisen sample te tak te lak a ni.
• Minute ruk chhunga kal test (6MWT): Hei hian hmun zau takah minute ruk chhung kal a, i oxygen level a inthlak dan leh i kal theih dan tehna a ni. Hei hian i lung leh thinlung hnathawh that dan tur ngaihtuahna a pe thei che a ni.

Enkawlnate chu engte nge ni?

Hypoxemia enkawl hian a chhan a zirin a enkawl dan tur a ni. I doctor chuan i thisena oxygen level tihsan nan supplemental oxygen a pe thei che a ni. Hei hi oxygen tank emaw, oxygen concentrator an tih machine emaw hmangin pek theih a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan an mamawh chhunzawm zel thei a, thenkhat erawh chuan an chau lai chauhin an mamawh mai thei. A natna nasat danah a innghat.

Hypoxemia natna khirh tak, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) ang chiah hian thawk lakna atana pui turin ventilator an tih machine hman theih a ni.

A pawimawh ber chu a chhan bulpui enkawl hi a ni. Entir nan:

• COPD ang chi lung natna nei tan inhalers, chu chu inhalers `(Bronchodilators)` (bronchodilators) emaw `(Steroids)` emaw awmna pek theih a ni.
• Diuretics hi lung atanga tui tam lutuk paih nan pek theih a ni.
• Sleep apnea enkawl nan CPAP (Continuous Positive Airways Pressure) mask hmang turin an ti mai thei che.
• Hypoxemia chhunzawm zel theihna a awm chuan supplemental oxygen pek theih a ni. Oxygen delivery device chi hrang hrang a awm a. Oxygen hi thawkna mask, hnar (cannula) chhunga dah tube te tak te hmangin pek theih a ni. Hei hi in lamah emaw, i zin huna i ken theih tur machine te tak teah emaw, damdawi inah emaw pek theih a ni.

Engtin nge symptoms te hi kan enkawl ang?

I rilru a buai thut a, thawk harsa i tih emaw, i thinlung a thawk chak emaw, i nail, i hmui emaw, i vun emaw a rawn sen vek tih i hriat chuan doctor pan nghal tur a ni. In lama pulse oximeter i neih chuan i oxygen level enfiah nan pawh i hmang thei bawk. Hypoxemia hi a nasat chuan taksa peng hrang hrang a tihchhiat loh nan enkawl vat a ngai a ni.

Condition thenkhat, COPD leh Sleep Apnea nei te hian hypoxemia hi a awm fo emaw, a hun laiin emaw an nei thei a, mahse symptom lian tham an nei lo thei. Chuvangin, i dinhmun enkawl dan tur te, natna lan chhuah dan tihtlem dan tur te, oxygen level hniam theihna tur te tihtlem dan tur te chu doctor nen sawiho rawh.

Hei hian eng harsatna nge a thlen theih?

Thisen a oxygen level a tlahniam chuan kan taksa peng leh tissue te hian an hnathawh theihna tura an mamawh oxygen an dawng lo. Kan sawi tawh ang khan hei hi `(Hypoxia) an ti a.` Hetiang dinhmun hi a la awm zel a, entirnan, `(Sleep Apnea)` hian zan lama oxygen tlahniam (`Nocturnal hypoxemia`) a thlen chuan kan thinlung leh thluak hi a chhe thei a ni. Hypoxemia na tak, rang tak chu nunna atana hlauhawm tak pawh a ni thei.

Engtin nge a risk tihziaawm theih ang?

Hypoxemia i vei theihna tihtlem dan tha ber chu i damdawi lam dinhmun hnuaia awmte uluk taka enkawl hi a ni. Lung emaw thinlung natna i neih chuan i doctor nen i hlauhawmna tihziaawmna tur kawng chiang tak tak sawipui rawh.

Lung leh lung natna nei lo tan pawh damdawi thenkhat vang emaw, hmun sang lama zin emaw hian hypoxemia vei theihna a sang thei hle. Chuvangin i doctor hnenah damdawi i ei lai leh i zin chhuah huna i fimkhur tur bikte zawt la. Hmun sang takah i kal dawnin i taksa chu a insiamrem theih nan hun remchang pe la.

Oxygen level tihsan nan eng nge i tih theih ang?

I thisen oxygen level him taka vawn theihna tur leh hypoxemia hlauhawmna tihziaawmna tur kawng tha ber chu i damdawi lam dinhmun dik taka enkawl hi a ni.

• Symptom thar te pawh theihnghilh suh.Thil mak tak tak i hriat chuan ngaihven rawh. Doctor hmu la, emergency room-ah kal rawh.
• I doctor-in oxygen a pek che chuan uluk takin hmang ang che.
• I lung hriselna (`Pulmonary hygiene`) enkawl rawh. ``COPD`` emaw asthma emaw i neih chuan eng trigger nge i neih tih hria ang che. I ``rescue inhaler`` chu i bulah dah reng ang che. ``Incentive spirometer`` hmang la, thawk lak dan exercise la la, i doctor-in a pek che lung hriselna atana tips dangte pawh zawm bawk ang che.
• Meizial i zu a nih chuan bansan rawh. Meizial zuk bânsan hian lung hnathawh a tichak a, chu chuan i lungin oxygen tam zawk a la lut thei a ni. I lung tihchhiat belh zel tur a veng bawk.
• Damdawi hi Doctor-in a sawi ang chiah chiah ei tur a ni.
• Hmun sang takah i kal dawnin ruahmanna siam rawh. Lung leh lung natna nei lo tan pawh hmun sang takah thawk a harsa thei hle. Engtin nge a nghawng ang che tih leh inthlâk danglamna nêna i insiamrem dân tûr chu ngaihtuah lawk rawh. Tin, emergency medical help i mamawh chuan eng nge i tih tur tih pawh ruahman lawk bawk ang che. A tul chuan insiamrem turin hun remchang la la, hmanraw dang emaw damdawi emaw i mamawh tur dang keng tel bawk ang che.

Engtikah nge damdawi in pan vat a ngaih?

Hypoxemia hi nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni. Chutiang hunah chuan , Emergency Department (ETU) ah i kal nghal tur a ni :

• Hypoxemia symptoms i neih chuan, emaw, midangte’n i nungchang emaw, i hriatna emaw a inthlak nghal tih an hriat chuan (restlessness, confusion, altered consciousness).
• Damdawi lam harsatna kal zel i neih a, i natna lan chhuah dan pangngai chu a lo zual nghal a nih chuan, emaw, hypoxemia vang ni thei nia i ngaih chhinchhiahna thar i neih chuan.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge i zawh tur?

I doctor-in nangmah emaw, i hmangaih tak emaw hnenah hypoxemia i vei tih a hrilh chuan hetiang zawhna hi i zawt thei ang:

• He hypoxemia hi damdawi lam dinhmun dang hnuaia awm vang a ni em?
• Hypoxemia vei theihna tur tihtlem nan engtin nge ka dinhmun hi ka enkawl ang?
• Hei hian taksa peng hrang hrang a tichhia emaw, harsatna dang emaw a thlen em?
• Eng nunphung inthlak danglamna nge hypoxemia hlauhawmna tihziaawm thei?
• Ka zinna tur ruahmanna thlak emaw, ka damdawi thlak emaw hian hypoxemia ka vei theihna a tipung thei ang em?

A tawi zawngin (Take-Home Message) .

Chuvangin, a tawi zawngin, hypoxemia hi thisena oxygen level tlahniamna dinhmun a ni. Hei hian a chang chuan nunna a tichhe thei a ni. Amaherawhchu, damdawi lam pan vat vat chuan a tha thei ang bera enkawl theih a ni.A chang chuan, entirnan, ``Sleep Apnea'' i neih chuan zan lamah pawh i oxygen level a tlahniam thei a, symptom lian tham nei lovin. Hetianga a kal zel chuan i thinlung a tichhe thei a ni.

Chuvangin, i risk leh a venna atana i tih theihte hriat chian a pawimawh hle. Rinhlelhna i neih chuan Doctor biak pawh hlau suh. Hrisel takin awm rawh!

` Hypoxemia, oxygen tlakchham, thawk harsa, lung natna, thinlung natna, oxygen level, cyanosis