Engtin nge doctor chuan i natna chu dik taka a hriat theih ang? Diagnosis chungchang hi a awlsam zawngin i zir ang u!

Doctor pan tura i kal hian "diagnosis" tih i hre tawh em? "He diagnosis hi eng nge ni?" Awle, lungngai suh. Chutiang khawpa lian chu a ni lo. A awlsam zawngin, "diagnosis" tih hi doctor-in i natna emaw, i natna emaw chu eng nge a nih chiang taka a hriat theihna tur a ni. Doctor hian hna tam tak a thawk a, detective-in case a chinfel ang maiin. Hemi chungchang hi tlem kan sawi belh dawn em ni?

`Diagnosis` tih hi eng nge ni tak tak?

Tlemte chuan i rilru a hahdam lo deuh niin han mitthla teh. I taksaah khawsik, khuh leh natna i nei a. Tunah chuan doctor i pan hunah zawhna a zawt ang che a, a enfiah ang che a, test engemaw zat a ti mai thei a, "He natna hi i nei a ni," a ti mai thei bawk. Chu chu `Diagnosis` kan tih chu a ni a, a nih loh leh diagnosis .

Chu chu i taksaa dinhmun pangngai lo emaw, natna emaw hming bik a pe tihna a ni. He `Diagnosis` hi kawngpui map ang mai a ni. Natna chu eng nge a nih chiang taka i hriat chuan enkawlna dik tak panna kawng a insiam a ni.

A awlsam zawngin: `Diagnosis` tih hi i natna official hming an vuah a ni. A dik taka tih hi a tha zawk theihna tura hmalakna hmasa ber a ni.

Engvangin nge he `Diagnosis` hi a pawimawh em em?

"Natna hming vuah hi eng nge a awmzia? Damdawi ka ei mai ang a, a tha ang," tiin i ngaihtuah mai thei. Mahse `diagnosis` chu hming pek mai aiin a tam zawk. A pawimawhzia hi han ngaihtuah teh:

• Enkawlna dik tak dawng tur chuan: Engtin nge natna chu eng nge a nih chiah hre lovin damdawi dik tak i pek theih ang, a dik em? Entirnan, bacteria infection damdawi pek hian virus infection tan a thawk dawn lo. Chuvangin, `Diagnosis` a dik phawt chuan enkawlna \ha tak chu tan theih a ni.
• Prognosis hriatthiamna: Natna thenkhat chu a dam thuai a, thenkhat chu hun rei tak a daih a, thenkhat chu dam chhung a daih thei bawk. Diagnosis hnuah doctor chuan natna chu engtin nge a awm dawn tih te, eng chen nge a daih dawn tih te, eng nge i beisei tur tih te a hrilhfiah thei che a ni.
• Natna fimkhur tur: Natna chu eng nge a nih hriain nang leh i chhungte chuan a chungchang zirchiang in, inzirtir thei a ni. Hei hian natna nena nung turin nasa takin a pui ang che a, a tul anga inthlak danglamna i siam bawk ang.
• Harsatna lo thleng tur venna: Natna thenkhatte hi a hun taka hriat chhuah leh enkawl loh chuan harsatna hlauhawm tak tak a thlen thei a ni. Entirnan, Diabetes Mellitus hi uluk taka control a nih loh chuan mit, kal leh thinlung ang chi taksa peng hrang hrang a tichhe thei a ni.
• Rilru thlamuanna nei tur chuan: Taksa tan a harsa a, mahse eng thil nge thleng tih i hriat loh chuan i rilruah phurrit lian tak i nei tih i hre thin. `Diagnosis` i hmuh hian, "Aw, hei hi ka chungah a thleng" tih i hriat hian thlamuanna engemaw chen i nei a ni.

Hmu? `Diagnosis` tih hi thumal mai a ni lo. I dam lehna kawngah hian thil pawimawh tak a ni.

Engtin nge doctor hian `Diagnosis` a thlen theih?

Doctor chuan scientific method zawmin `Diagnosis` a thleng thin. Natna chu i sawi nghal thei lo. Thil tam tak i belhchhah a ngai a ni. Eng nge an nih i en ang u.

1. I thawnthu ngaihthlak (Medical History) .

Hei hi a hmasa ber leh a pawimawh ber a ni. Doctor chuan zawhna tam tak a zawt ang che.

• I symptoms te chu engte nge ni? (e.g., eng chen nge i khuh tawh? Engtin nge i khawsik? Phlegm a awm em? Eng rawng nge ni?)
• Engtin nge heng symptoms te hi a lo intan? An rawn on nghal em ni? Zawi zawiin an pung em?
• Thil tih hian symptoms a ti na zual em? A na zual zel em? (e.g., chaw ei hian pum a ti na zual em?)
• Hetiang natna chi hi i lo nei tawh em? Natna rei tak dang i nei em? (e.g. Zunthlum, Hriselna sang, Asthma)
• Tunah hian damdawi i ei em? (Doctor dangin a pek, over-the-counter, Ayurvedic, eng pawh)
• Eng thil pawh allergy i nei em? (damdawi, ei tur) .
• I chhungte (nu, pa, unau) hian eng ang natna nge an neih? (Entirnan, i chhungkuaah hian thinlung natna, cancer, zunthlum vei an awm em?) Hei hi `Family History` an ti a.
• I nunphung chu eng ang nge ni? (I zu in em? Zu i in em? Exercise i ti em? I hna chu eng nge ni?) Hei hi `Social History` an ti bawk.

Ngaihtuah teh, heng zawhna zawng zawng hi thu tlemte ang mai a ni. Doctor chuan a zawng zawng chu dah khawm a, thlalak lian tak siam a tum a ni. Chuvangin Doctor tan engkim chiang tak leh dik taka hrilh che a pawimawh hle.

2. Taksa enfiahna

A chipchiar zawka a zawh hnuah doctor chuan a enfiah ang che.

• I hmel lan dan tlangpui: I hmel lan dan, vun rawng, leh i fimkhur em tih te an en thin.
• Vital Signs: Temperature, pulse, thawk dan, leh thisen sang enfiah.
• Test bik hrang hrang:
• Stethoscope vuah la, rilru, lung leh thinlung lam ngaihthlak rawh.
• Thlarau, beng leh hnar enfiah.
• Pum chhunga palpation (Palpation) a ni.
• A chang chuan nervous system nena inzawm test (e.g., mit hmuhna, taksa chakna, reflexes) te pawh an ti thin.

He test hmang hian doctor chuan i taksaah thil danglam emaw, natna chhinchhiahna emaw a awm leh awm loh a enfiah thin.

3. Damdawi lam Test neih thin

A châng chuan, i thu hriatte leh taksa enfiahna chauh aṭanga `Diagnosis` siam chu a harsa thei hle. A nih loh leh, `Diagnosis rinhlelh` chu `Confirm` turin thu belhchian dawl zawk a ngai mai thei. Chutih lai chuan doctor chuan medical test hrang hrang a order mai thei. Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Thisen test dan: 1.1.
• Heng ah hian thil tam tak i hmu thei a ni. Entir nan,
• Full Blood Count (FBC): Hei hian thisen tlakchhamna, natna hrik, leh thisen cancer ang chi thilte ngaihtuahna a pe thei a ni.
• ESR, CRP: Taksa chhunga inflammation chungchang a sawi.
• Thisen Sugar: Zunthlum a awm leh awm loh enfiah thin ang che.
• Kidney leh Liver Function Test: Heng taksa peng hrang hrangte hian hna an thawk tha em tih enfiah thin ang che.
• Cholesterol (Cholesterol / Lipid Profile): Lung natna hlauhawmna en rawh.
• Thil dang tam tak chu thisen hmanga enfiah theih a ni a, chu chu hormone test bik leh vitamin level te hi a ni.

• Zun Test dan: 1.1.
• Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), Kidney Disease, leh Diabetes ang chi thil chungchang hriat tur i hmu thei ang.

• Taksa tui test dang: A chang chuan khuh, ek emaw, taksa tui dang emaw pawh test theih a ni.

• Imaging Test: Hengte hian taksa chhung lam thlalak a la a.
• X-ray: Ruh tliak leh lung natna (e.g. pneumonia) ang chi thil hmuh nan hman a ni.
• Ultrasound Scan: Sound wave hmangin chhungril taksa peng hrang hrang (e.g. thin, kal, nausen pum) en nan leh naupai laiin naute thanlen dan enfiah nan hman thin ang che.
• CT Scans (Computed Tomography): X-ray technology hmangin taksa cross-sectional image an la thin. Hei hian thluak, rilru leh pum ang chi hmunah harsatna a awm tih chipchiar takin a lantir thei a ni.
• MRI Scans (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Magnetic field chak tak leh radio wave hmangin thlalak chiang tak, chipchiar tak tak a siam thin. Hei hi thluak, ruhro leh ruhkawr ang chi thil en nan a tangkai hle.

• Specialized test dangte chu:
• ECG (Electrocardiogram): Lung natna hriat theih nan thinlung electrical activity a enfiah thin.
• Endoscopy: Camera te tak te nei tube chu taksa chhungah (e.g., pum, intestine lian) luhtir a, a chhung lam enfiah a ni. A châng chuan, hei hmang hian tissue tlemte (biopsy) lak theih a ni.
• Biopsy (`Biopsy` tih a ni): 1.1.Hmun rinhlelh awm tak (e.g., vun natna hrik, taksa peng thenkhat) atanga tissue te tak te lak a, microscope hmanga enfiah chuan cancer ang chi natna a awm leh awm loh chiang takin hriat theih a ni.

Pawimawh: Heng test zawng zawng hi condition tin atan a ngai vek lo. I doctor chuan i symptoms leh exam chhunga doctor-in eng nge a hmuh dan a zirin eng test nge tih tur tih a rel ang.

4. Thu hriatte khawlkhawm la, zirchiang la, thutlukna siam rawh

Doctor chuan i thu hriatte, i taksa enfiahna a\anga thil hmuhchhuah te, leh test tih tawh zawng zawng result te chu a \ul chuan a dah khawm ang a, an damdawi lam hriatna leh tawnhriat nen a khaikhin ang.

A châng chuan natna pakhat ang chiah chiah natna chi hrang hrang a awm thei bawk. Tichuan doctor chuan heng thil awm thei zawng zawng hi a ngaihtuah a, test atanga thu hriatte nen a khaikhin a, a remchang ber `Diagnosis` a thlang ta a ni. Hei hi `Differential Diagnosis` an ti \hin. "He natna hi a ni thei a, he natna hi a ni thei bawk a, mahse he test ang hian hei hi a nih a rinawm ber" tih hmuna lo thleng tihna a ni.

`Diagnosis` hnuah eng nge thleng?

Okay, doctor chu `Diagnosis` nei turin a rawn lut ta ang u. Eng nge thleng leh ang?

1. Doctor chuan natna chungchang hi a hrilhfiah ang che: eng natna nge i neih, engtin nge a lo than chhoh dan leh a nihna chu eng nge ni.

2. Enkawl dan tur a sawiho: He natna hi eng damdawi nge awm, eng nge i tan a tha ber, enkawlna atanga beisei tur leh a nghawng tha lo a awm leh awm loh.

3. Nakin hun dinhmun a sawi (Prognosis): Natna atanga dam leh theih nan eng chen nge a duh ang tih leh eng thil nge ngaihtuah tur tih te a sawi.

4. Zawhna zawh theihna hun remchang a pe che: Hei hi doctor hnena rinhlelhna emaw zawhna i neih apiang zawh hun tha ber a ni. Hlauhna leh mualpho lovin zawt rawh.

5. I zawm tur thupek a pe: Damdawi ei dan tur, i ei leh in control dan tur, i nunphung tihdanglam dan tur leh engtikah nge i lo haw leh tur tih te.

Diagnosis chu zinkawng bul tanna chauh a ni tih hre reng ang che. I doctor thupek uluk taka zawm hi i dam lehna atan a pawimawh hle.

A chang chuan `diagnosis` neih nan hun rei tak a ngai thin... Chu chu thil pangngai a ni em?

Ni e, a châng chuan chutiang chu a thleng thei a ni. Natna zawng zawng hi vawi khatah hriat theih a ni lo.

• Natna thenkhat chhinchhiahna hi a tir lamah chuan a fiah lo hle thei a , natna tenau dang nen pawh a inang thei bawk.
• Natna thenkhat chu a tlem hle thei a , chutah chuan ngaihtuah nan hun rei tak a ngai thin.
• Sometimes, there can be multiple causes for a single symptom , chuvangin hun engemaw chen a la ngai thei a, chu chu ``rule out`` vek a, a dik tak zawn chhuah theih a ni.
• A châng chuan specialized test tam zâwk a ngai thei a, a nih loh leh specialist ngaihdan pawh a ngai thei bawk.

Chuvangin, i `Diagnosis` hian hun a duh rei a nih chuan lungngai suh. Doctor chuan `Diagnosis` dik ber pek che a tum a ni. Chumi atan chuan hun mamawh hun hman a pawimawh.

`Diagnosis`-ah hian eng nge i chanvo?

He `Diagnosis` kalpui danah hian chanvo lian tak i nei bawk.

• I doctor hnenah rinawm takin awm rawh: I natna lan chhuah dan te, i tih dan te, i damdawi ei dan te engmah thup lovin thudik sawi rawh.
• Zawhna zawt rawh: I hriatthiam loh emaw, rinhlelhna emaw a awm chuan zawt ngei ang che. "Engvangin nge he test hi tih a nih?" emaw, "He damdawi hi eng nge thleng ang?"
• Thupek zawm rawh: doctor-in a sawi angin i damdawi ei la, test nei turin kal la, an hrilh niah lo haw leh rawh.
• Hrilhfiahna: Enkawlna i tan hnua i natna lan chhuah dan (a tha emaw a chhe emaw) a inthlak chuan doctor hnenah hrilh rawh.

Misdiagnosis kan hlau tur em ni?

Doctor ten theihtawp chhuahin `Diagnosis` dik tak pek an tum thin. Amaherawhchu, tihsual hi a thleng tlem hle. A chhan chu damdawi lam hi thil buaithlak tak, zir chhunzawm zel a nih vang a ni.

I natna hmuhchhuah dan emaw, i enkawl dan emaw chungchangah rinhlelhna lian tak i neih chuan i doctor nen sawiho rawh. A nih loh leh, doctor dang hnen atanga second opinion lak pawh a dik lo. Chu chu i dikna a ni.

Take-Home Thuchah a ni

Okay, chuvangin tunah chuan `diagnosis` tih hi eng nge a nih, engvangin nge a pawimawh tih leh doctor-in engtin nge a thlen tih hi chiang takin in hre tawh ngei ka beisei.

`Diagnosis` hi i natna dik tak hriatchhuahna atana hmalakna hmasa ber leh pawimawh ber a ni a, enkawlna dik ber i tan tir a, i dam thuai theih nan.

Hei hi zin chhuah hmaa kalna tur dik tak hriat ang mai a ni. Chumi atan chuan Doctor-te chuan hmanraw hrang hrang an hmang (zawhna zawt che, enfiah che, test tih te). Heng zawng zawng hi enkawlna tha ber pek theihna tura tih a ni. Chuvangin, doctor hmu tura i kal hunah, `diagnosis` chungchang an sawi hian hlauhna leh rinhlelhna nei lovin tel ve rawh. I thlawpna hmang hian `diagnosis` dik takah i lo thleng thei a, i dam thuai thei bawk!

` Diagnosis, Medical test, Symptoms, Enkawlna, Hriselna, Doctor