Kan mut lai hian engtin nge chawlhsan lovin kan thaw thei ang tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? A nih loh leh kan tlan laiin kan heart rate a san a, kan chawlh laiin a pangngaia a lo kir leh dan? Kan thluak chhungah hian mi huaisen te tak te, mahse thiltithei tak mai, kan taksa chhunga thil thleng pawimawh tak tak tam tak, kan hriat loh pawhin thunun theitu a awm a. Chu chu vawiinah kan sawi dawn a ni. A hming chu Medulla Oblongata a ni .
He Medulla Oblongata hi eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin, medulla oblongata hi i thluak bul a ni . Kan thluak hi company lian tak head office angin han ngaihtuah teh. Kan ruhro (spinal cord) hi chu head office atanga ram pum huapa thu hriatna phurtu main highway ang a ni. Medulla oblongata chu chu head office leh highway inzawmkhawmtu main junction, a nih loh leh main control center , a ni. Chuvangin kan nervous system-a junction pawimawh tak a ni tih hi sawi theih a ni.
A awmna hmun ang bawkin a hnathawh pawh a pawimawh hle. Dik tak chuan kan dam khawchhuahna atana thil pawimawh tak tak hna engemaw zat a rukin thawktu a ni.
Medulla hnathawh ber berte chu engte nge ni?
Medulla hi te tak te ni mahse, a hnathawh erawh a tlem lo. Kan taksa "automatic pilot system" angin hna a thawk a ni. A thil tih bulpui thenkhat han thlir ila.
| Thiltih | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Thinlung, thisen kal dan leh thawk dan control | Hetah hian i heart rate, thisen sang leh i thawk chhuah rate te chu control a ni. "Thinlung, tunah hian beat rawh" tih hi i ngaihtuah a ngai lo. A tih vek chu automatic in a ni a, a chhan chu medulla. |
| Automatic action control dang a awm bawk | Hriat loha kan thil tih tam tak chu a thunun a ni. Entirnan, khuh, thawk hah, ei, luak, leh balance vawn. A thupek a ni a, chaw eiah tlem kan tlakbuak chuan min khuh tir a, kan hnar chhunga leivut chi khat a luh chuan kan thawk hah tir thin thupek a ni bawk. |
| Nerve center a nih avangin | Nerve signal tam zawk chu thluaka kal leh chhuak tam zawk hi he medulla kaltlangin an kal thin. Kan lu chhunga nerve pair lian 12 zinga 4 chu he medulla nen hian direct-in an inzawm a ni. |
| Crossover Point a ni | Hei hi thil mak tak a ni. Kan taksa che vel control tu nerve tam zawk hi chu medulla chhunga "pyramids" an tih hmunah hian a sir khat atanga a sir dang (crisscross) ah an kal tlang thin. Chuvang chuan kan thluak veilam a chhiat chuan (entir nan, stroke atanga) kan taksa dinglam hian thiltihtheihna a hloh ta a ni. Tin, thluak dinglam a chhiat chuan kan taksa veilam hian thiltihtheihna a hloh thin. He crossing awmna hmun ber chu medulla a ni. |
Cranial Nerves (Special Nerves) te chu medulla nena inzawm a ni
Kan luruh chhungah hian nerve pair lian ber ber 12 a awm a. Hengte hi cranial nerves kan ti a . Chung zinga pali chu medulla kaltlangin an kal tlang thin. Eng nge an nih leh eng hna nge an thawh tih hi han thlir ila.
| Cranial Nerve (CN) te hi a awm a. | Hna a thawh thin chu |
|---|---|
| CN IX (Nerve 9-na) 1.1. | Hei hi kan ka chhunga thil tam takah a inrawlh a ni. Thil chi hrang hrang, salivary glands activate, ka chhunga taste leh touch hriatna, leh kan rilru chhunga thil a tlakbuak chuan kan gag tirtu gag reflex control te. He nerve hian min venghim bawk. |
| CN X (Nerve 10-na - Vagus Nerve) tih a ni. | Hei hi a danglam bik hle a, super nerve a ni. Vagus Nerve kan ti bawk . Kawr atanga intestine thlengin taksa peng lian tam tak nen a inzawm a ni. Kan ngaihtuah loh thil tam tak (autonomic functions) signal a keng tel a, chu chu kan thinlung thawk leh kan riltamna te hi a ni. Tin, taksa peng hrang hrangah signal a thawn bawk a, chu chuan kan ei leh in kan tawng thei a ni. |
| CN XI (11-na nerve) a ni. | He nerve hian i kawr leh i ke ruh (muscles) te chu a thunun a ni. I lu chu a sir lehlamah a hawitir a, i kekawrte chu a chawi sang thei bawk. |
| CN XII (12th nerve) a ni. | He nerve hian kan lei chhuah chhuahna tura min puitu ruhte a control a, chuvangin he nerve tel lo chuan kan tawng thei lo va, kan ei thei lo bawk. |
Medulla awmna hmun, a lan dan leh a lian zawng chu eng nge ni?
Khawiah nge medulla hi a awm?
Medulla hi kan thluak hnuai ber ah a awm a. A bik takin kan luruh hnuai lama hawnna lian tak (foramen magnum) hmanga thluak leh ruhro (spinal cord) inzawmna hmunah a awm a ni. A chungah chiah hian thluak hmun dang pons an tih chu a awm bawk .
A lan dan leh a lian zawng
Hei hi funnel, emaw tube ang chi a ni tlangpui. A chung lamah a zau a, a hnuai lam pan chuan a thim deuh deuh bawk.
Mak tak maiin hna pawimawh tak tak thawk mahse, medulla oblongata hi a te hle a ni. A sei zawng hi centimetre 3 (inches 1.1 vel) chauh a ni. Chu chu kan ke ruh lian tak top joint sei zawng aiin a te zawk tihna a ni!
A rit pawh a tlem hle. A vaiin medulla hi puitling thluak rit zawng aiin 0.5% vel a rit a ni.
Medulla oblongata natna thlentu natnate chu engte nge ni?
He hmun te tak te hi a chhiat chuan nghawng lian tak a nei thei a ni. Damdawi lam thil lian tak tak engemaw zat a awm a, chu chuan medulla hi a tichhe thei a ni.
- Stroke: Stroke hi medulla-a thisen petu thisen kalna kawng a inkhar emaw, a puak emaw a nih chuan a thleng thei. Hei hi medulla nghawngtu natna tlanglawn leh na ber a ni.
- Traumatic Brain Injuries: Accident-a lu-a hliam na tak i tuar chuan thluak bakah hian medulla pawh a chhe thei bawk.
- Ngawt:Brain tumor hian medulla a press emaw, a kianga a lo thang lian emaw hian harsatna a thlen thei a ni.
- Aneurysms: Thluaka thisen kalna kawngte chu a chak lo va, balloon ang maiin a bulh a, chu chuan medulla a ti chhe thei a, a tichhe thei bawk.
- Tin, Multiple System Atrophy ang chi neurological condition awm lo tak takte pawhin medulla hnathawh a nghawng thei bawk.
Medulla nena inzawm stroke hming bik
Doctor-te chuan medulla hmun hrang hranga stroke awmte sawina atan hming bik an hmang hial a ni.
- Wallenberg Syndrome: Stroke natna tlanglawn tak a ni a, chu chu medulla lateral wall-a thisen kalna a tihbuai vang a ni.
- Dejerine Syndrome: Medulla laihawl a thisen kal that lohna avanga lo awm a ni.
Medulla lama harsatna avanga lo awm thei symptoms
Medulla-a harsatna a awm chuan a lan chhuah dan chu stroke nen a inang fo thin. Mahse a danglam bik chu taksa sir khatah symptom thenkhat a lang thei a, taksa sir lehlamah symptom dang a lang thei bawk. Chu chu a hmaa kan sawi tawh angin nerve crossover vang a ni.
A lan chhuah dan tlangpui chu:
- Stroke symptoms tlanglawn (e.g., hmai sir khata tla, kut pakhata natna, tawng harsa).
- Balance hloh, ataxia .
- Lu na , luak chhuak leh luak chhuak.
- Chaw ei harsa (Dysphagia) .
- Aw ri emaw, aw inthlak danglam emaw (Dysphonia).
- Hmai emaw taksa peng pakhatah temperature emaw natna emaw hriatna hloh .
- Mit chetna thunun loh (Nystagmus) .
- Hmai emaw taksa peng hrang hrang paralysis .
- Mit hmuhna lama harsatna a awm.
Nangmah emaw, i hriat mi emaw chuan heng natna pakhat emaw, a aia tam emaw a neih thut chuan damdawi in Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) pan nghal a pawimawh hle A chhan chu stroke ang dinhmunah chuan hun hi a pawimawh ber a ni.
Engtin nge medulla hriselna i enfiah thin?
Doctor-in medulla-a harsatna a rinhlelh chuan test eng emaw zat a awm a, chu chu finfiah theih a ni.
- CT scan (Computerized Tomography scan): Thluak thlalak chak taka lak a, thisen chhuah ang chi thil a awm leh awm loh en.
- MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Thluak tissue thlalak chiang tak, chipchiar tak tak hmuh theih nan. Hei hi stroke condition hriatchhuahna atan a pawimawh hle.
- Thisen test: Damdawi lam thil dang enfiah nan.
- Spinal Tap hmanga tihchhuah:Spinal cord chhehvela tui awmte enfiah a, natna kai chhinchhiahna a awm leh awm loh enfiah.
Engtin nge kan medulla hi kan enkawl ang?
He mi huaisen te hi enkawl tur hian thil engemaw zat kan tih theih a awm. Hengte hi a takah chuan kan hriselna zawng zawng tan thil tha tak a ni.
1. Ei leh in inthlau tak ei: Nutrient tlakchhamna, a bik takin vitamin B12 hian thluak hriselna a nghawng thei a ni. Chuvangin, hnah hring, thlai leh thei chi hrang hrang awmna ei tur tha tak ei rawh.
2. Active takin awm la, taksa rihna hrisel tak vawng reng rawh: circulatory system leh heart lama harsatna awm hian thluak hi direct-in a nghawng a ni. Stroke hi a entir tha hle. Chuvangin, nitin exercise la, i taksa rihna control-in stroke hlauhawmna i tihziaawm thei a ni. Thisen sang leh zunthlum ang chi natna control hi a pawimawh hle bawk.
3. Safety gear bun: Motor i khalh chuan helmet vuah fo ang che . Infiamna dang emaw, lu hliam thlen thei thil dang emaw i tih chuan himna hmanrua \ha tak hmang rawh. Lu hliam laka thluak leh ruhro venhim a pawimawh hle.
Tunah chuan he medulla oblongata te tak te hi kan nunah a pawimawh zia chu i hrethiam tawh mai thei. Kan taksaa nerve signal thawn chhuahna hmunpui ber a ni a, chubakah kan nun tichaktu automatic controller a ni bawk. Chuvangin kan thluak leh nervous system zawng zawng enkawl hi he mi huaisen te tak te venhimna tha ber a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Medulla Oblongata hi kan thluak bul tenau tak a ni a, nunna vawng reng tura pawimawh tak a ni.
- Medulla hian kan thawk dan, thinlung thawk dan leh thisen sang te ang chi automatic function te a control a ni.
- Hei hi neural crossover thlenna hmunpui ber a ni a, kan thluak veilam hian kan taksa dinglam a thunun a, kan thluak dinglam hian kan taksa veilam a thunun bawk.
- Medulla chhiatna hi natna khirh tak a ni a, stroke hi a nghawngtu ber pakhat a ni.
- Stroke symptoms rang tak (hmai tlak, bengchheng, tawng harsa) i neih chuan damdawi in Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU)-ah kal nghal rawh.
- Nun hrisel (balanced diet, exercise) leh lu hliam laka invenna hian medulla oblongata hriselna a vawng nung thei a ni.
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