I in chhûnga tar, i nu emaw, i pa emaw, i pi emaw pawh ni se, theihnghilh an tizual em? An ke an kal lai hian leiah a hrual ang em? An zun control pawh a harsa tial tial em ? Hengte hi "kan upat deuh deuha thil thleng pangngai" angin kan ngai fo thin. Mahse enkawl leh tihdam theih dinhmun chhinchhiahna an ni thei bawk. Vawiin hian chutiang dinhmun pakhat, Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus, emaw NPH emaw kan sawi dawn a ni.
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) hi eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, NPH chu kan thluaka a tul aia tam tui a punkhawm hian a ni.
Kan thluak leh kan ruhro, kan ruhro hnuai lama luang chhuak chu tui thianghlim, cushion ang maiin a hual vel niin han ngaihtuah teh. Damdawi lam hawi chuan hei hi cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) an ti a. He CSF hi kan thluak ventricles-ah siam a ni a, a chhung zawngah a kal kual a, thluak leh ruhro (spinal cord) a chawm a, bawlhhlawh a paih chhuak a, thluak chu luruh a tlak loh nan a veng bawk. A tlangpuiin CSF tam lutuk hi thluak chunglama vein hmangin taksaah a chhuak leh thin.
Mahse, he CSF fluid chhuahna system-ah hian thil tihkhawtlai a awm chuan he tui hi thluak chhunga cavities chhungah a awm khawm tan thin. Hei hi Hydrocephalus ( thluaka tui khat ) kan tih chu a ni. NPH hi he Hydrocephalus condition chi khat bik a ni. Kum 60 chunglam zingah a lang tam ber.
Hydrocephalus chi dang ang lo takin NPH hi a lo thang zawi zawi hle. CSF fluid hi hun kal zelah a pung zel a. Chuvang chuan thluaka cavities te chu a lian zauh zauh a, thluak hmun thenkhatah a nawr lut a ni. Hei vang hian thluaka pressure hi a sang nghal lo va, chuvang chuan "Normal Pressure" an ti a ni. Mahse chu hming chu a dik lo deuh a, a chhan chu a symptoms hi cavities te a lian a, thluak a nawr chauhvin a awm thin.
Pawimawh tak chu NPH natna lan chhuah dan hi Alzheimer natna leh Parkinson natna nen a inang hle a ni . Chuvang chuan NPH vei te chu natna dang pahnih zinga pakhat nei anga hriat sual an ni fo thin. Mahse, Alzheimer leh Parkinson’s ang lo takin, a dik taka hmuhchhuah a nih chuan NPH hi a tam zawk chu operation hmangin a dam thei a ni.
NPH dinhmun ziarang pathumte
NPH natna lanchhuahna lian ber pathum a awm a. Chûngte chu a tirah chuan a lang lo mai thei a, mahse hun kal zelah a pung zauh zauh a ni. Heng symptom pathumte hi a awm vek chuan NPH rinhlelh tur a ni.
| Symptom category hrang hrang a awm | A lan chhuah dan tlangpui |
|---|---|
| 1. Kal kawnga harsatna awm |
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| 2. Thil hriatna tlahniam / Dementia |
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| 3. Zun chhuah loh (Urinary Incontinence). |
|
NPH awm chhante chu engte nge ni?
Dik tak chuan NPH vei tam zawkah chuan a chhan chiang tak hmuh tur a awm lo. Mahse, ṭhenkhatah chuan a hnuaia thilte hian he natna hi a thlen thei a ni:
- Lu hliam
- Lu-a vuakna avanga thluak vel thisen chhuak
- Thai
- Hri kai, meningitis ang chi te
- Thluak natna (brain tumor) a awm
- Thluak surgery neih a ni
Heng dinhmunte hian NPH a thlen dan hi hriatthiamna chiang tak a la awm lo.
Engtin nge NPH hi dik taka hmuhchhuah a nih?
Tunah chuan, "Okay, hengte hi a symptoms te chu a ni a, tunah chuan engtin nge hei hi ka diagnose ang?" Hei hi a buaithlak deuh a ni. Heng symptoms te hi Alzheimer leh Parkinson natna nen a inang avangin neurologist emaw neurosurgeon emaw pan a pawimawh hle .
Diagnostic process hi hetiang hian a kal tlangpui a:
1. Doctor nena inbiakna: Doctor chuan i symptoms atanga i symptoms te, engtik atanga lo intan nge tih te, chhungkaw medical history te, damdawi i ei dan te a zawt vek ang che.
2. Taksa endikna: I rilru dinhmun (zawhna zawh leh thupek awlsam tak zawm tura tih che), i kal dan, leh i balance te chu a enfiah ang.
3. Test bik: 1.1 .
- CT Scan emaw MRI Scan: Heng scan te hian thluak 3D image chipchiar tak tak a siam thei a ni. NPH-ah hian thluaka ventricles te chu a lian em tih hriat theih nan an pui thei a ni. Mahse, scan ringawt pawh hian NPH hi a nemnghet thei lo.
- Lumbar Puncture / Spinal Tap: Hei hi natna hriat theihna atana thil pawimawh ber pakhat a ni. Hei hi ‘spinal tap’ kan ti fo thin. Ngaihtuah buai suh, Doctor in hetiang hian a ti ang. Needle te tak te hmangin hnungzang hnuai lam atanga spinal cord hualtu CSF fluid thenkhat lakchhuah a ni.
He lumbar puncture hmang hian thil pahnih check theih a ni. Pakhat chu chu tui pressure tehna a ni. Thil pawimawh dang chu , hetianga tui milliliter 30-50 vel lakchhuah hnuah, damlo kal dan leh hriatrengna chu darkar engemaw zat chhungin rei lo te chhungin a lo tha zawk em tih en a ni. Chutiang hmasawnna nasa tak hmuh a nih chuan operation hmanga damna lian tak a awm theih thu tilangtu tha tak a ni.
NPH enkawlna tur engte nge ni?
NPH enkawlna tha ber chu surgery a ni. Damdawi emaw, damdawi dang emaw chuan a natna hi a tidam thei lo.
Surgery ber chu shunt dah a ni.
Kan thluak atanga CSF fluid tam lutuk chhuah chhuah a, taksa peng danga thawn chhuahna tur tube te tak te dah a ni tih han mitthla teh. Hei hi shunt an ti a. Hei hi tube te tak te tak a ni. Neurosurgeon chuan he tube hi thluaka cavity pakhatah a dah lut a, vun hnuaiah peritoneum an tih hmunah a hruai a. He tube chhungah hian pressure control tu valve a awm a. Thluaka pressure a san chuan he valve hi a inhawng a, a tui tam lutuk chu peritoneal cavity ah a luang lut ta a ni. Chutah chuan tui chu taksa tichhe lovin a hip lut a ni.
He shunt surgery hi mi zawng zawng tan a hlawhtling tawk lo. Mahse, mi tam tak tan chuan he operation hnuah hian symptoms nasa takin a tlahniam a, an nunphung pawh nasa takin a tha chho thin. Natna hriatchhuah hma leh surgery tih a nih poh leh a rah chhuah chu a hlawhtling zawk thin.
A then phei chuan shunt ai chuan Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy an tih surgery dang an ti leh a, chutah chuan endoscope (camera nei tube te tak te) hmangin thluak hnuai lamah khur te tak te siamin CSF fluid luang chhuak tur kawng dang siam a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Tar pakhatin kea kal harsatna, hriatrengna hloh, leh zun insum theih lohna ang chi symptoms a neih chuan "tar chakna" tih dan pangngai angin hnawl suh.
- Heng symptoms te hi Alzheimer’s emaw Parkinson’s disease nen inang mahse, hei hi enkawl theih NPH an tih a ni thei.
- Nangmah emaw, i hmangaih tak emaw chuan heng natna hi i neih chuan a rang thei ang bera doctor pan la, a bîk takin neurologist . A hmaa hriat chian a pawimawh hle.
- Shunt surgery hi NPH enkawlna ber a ni a, damlo tam tak nunphung pawh nasa takin a tichangtlung thei a ni.
- He zinkawngah hian damlo leh enkawltu tan pawh tanpuina leh hriatthiamna a pawimawh hle.
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