Tun hnaiah i fa hian a ke emaw, a kut emaw na a tih avangin a complain em? Inkhelh laiin an tlu niin i ngai mai thei, a nih loh leh an chau lutuk mai mai niin i ngai mai thei. Mahse, a châng chuan, he ruh natna awm reng hnuaiah hian thil pawi zawk a awm thei. Chuvangin ngaihthah ngai suh. Vawiin hian chutiang natna khirh tak pakhat, osteosarcoma, ruh cancer chi khat, naupang leh puitling naupangte vei fo thin chungchang kan sawi dawn a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, osteosarcoma chu eng nge ni?
Osteosarcoma hi cancer chi khat a ni a , ruh ah a lo awm thin . Ruh cell pangngai angin a intan thin. Mahse hun kal zelah heng cell te hi malignant (cancerous) cell an lo ni ta a, an inzawm khawm a, ruh chhungah emaw, ruh chung lamah emaw tumor an siam ta a ni. Heng tumor te hian ruh hrisel chu a tichak lo va, a tichhe bawk.
A châng chuan doctor-te pawhin hei hi osteogenic sarcoma an ti bawk. Hetah hian ‘sarcoma’ tih hi kan taksa inzawmkhawmna, ruh, ruhkawr, leh ruh (muscle)-a cancer lo awm thinte hming tlangpui a ni. ‘Osteo’ tih thumal hi ‘ruh’ tihna a ni. ‘Osteogenic’ tih awmzia chu ruh cell a siam chhuak tihna a ni.
Hetiang cancer hi naupang leh puitling naupangte zingah a tam ber a ni . A bik takin a lo thang chak leh a lo thang chak lai hian a vei theihna a sang hle.
Eng ruhte nge he cancer hi vei tam ber?
Osteosarcoma cancer hi kan taksa ruh sei takah a lo awm tam ber. Chu chu kut leh ke ruh sei takah a ni. A bik takin heng ruh tawp lamah, chu chu ruhkawr hnaihah a awm fo. Khup, hip, leh shoulder ang chi hmunte hi han ngaihtuah teh.
Hei hi a hnuaia table hmang hian i sawifiah belh leh ang u.
| Cancer vei tamna hmun | Cancer vei tam lohna hmun |
|---|---|
| Thigh ruh (Femur) 1. A rilru a hah lutuk chuan a rilru a buai em em a. | Jawbone a ni |
| A ke ruh (Tibia) . | Pelvis a ni |
| Kut chunglam ruh (Humerus) 1.1. | Luruh a ni |
| (A bik takin khup leh ke bulah) | Pum leh rilru chhunga soft tissue awm |
Cancer ‘grade’ tih hian eng nge a awmzia?
Doctor-te chuan osteosarcoma cancer hi ‘grading’ an tih angin an thliar hrang a. Hei hian cancer a darh chak dan a kawk a ni. Chu chu taksa peng dangah a darh (metastasize) theihna a ni. Grade lian pathum a awm a.
- Low grade: Hetiang cancer chi hi a lo thang zawi zawi hle . A tam zawkah chuan a bul tanna hmunah a awm reng a, awlsam takin a darh lo.
- High grade: Hei hi chi hlauhawm ber a ni. Heng cancer te hi an thang chak hle a , taksa peng dang (lung ang chi) ah te an darh zau zawk a ni.
- Intermediate grade: Hei hi a chunga kan sawi chi hnih inkar dinhmun a ni.
Osteosarcoma natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?
He natna lan chhuah dan hi a lang nghal lo. Zawi zawiin an lo thang chho zel a. A chang chuan heng symptoms te hi hliam pangngai emaw, sprain emaw ang maiin a lang a, chuvangin mi tam takin a tir lamah an ngaihven lo. Mahse heng symptoms te hi hriat chian a pawimawh hle.
| Symptom a ni | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Ruh natna | Hei hi a lan chhuah dan tlangpui a ni. Hun kal zelah a natna a zual zel. Zanah leh exercise lak laiin a natna hi a na zual thei hle. |
| Swelling emaw lump emaw a awm | Natna hmun chu a lo hring tan ang. A châng chuan i kutah hnah hring ang maiin a lang thei. A hmun i khawih chuan hmun dang aiin a lum deuhin a lang thei. |
| Joint movement tihtlem a ni | Cancer chu ruh bulah a awm chuan chu ruh chu ben emaw, twist emaw chu a harsa thei hle. Entirnan, khup hnaih a nih chuan ke ben a harsa thei hle. |
| Chhan awm lovin ruh a tliak | Cancer hian ruh a tichak lo. Chuvangin, ruh chu a tlangpuiin a chhe lo tur khawpa tlu tenau emaw, accident emaw a nih pawhin a chhe thei a ni. Hengte hi ``pathologic fractures`` kan ti a. |
| Thil dang pawh a awm | Tin, sawifiah theih loh khawsik, vun rawng inthlak danglam, leh kea cancer a nih chuan ke ruh tliak ang chi te pawh i hmu thei bawk. |
A pawimawh ber chu naupangin hmun khatah kar tam tak chhung natna a complain chuan doctor an pan ngei tur a ni a, inkhelh laia an thil tih anga hnawl lovin.
Engvangin nge hetiang cancer hi a lo awm?
Hei hi eng thil nge a thlen tih chiang takin mithiamte chuan an la sawi thei lo. Mahse, he cancer lo awm chhan nia ngaih risk factor engemaw zat an hmuchhuak a ni.
Ruh a lo thang chak hle
Growth spurts lai hian naupang chu a lo seilian nghal a, a lo thanglian nasa hle a, an ruh pawh a thang chak hle bawk. Hetih lai hian cell te hi an inthen chak hle. Hetianga cell inthen chak tak karah hian thil engemaw a kal dik lo niin an ngai a, chu chuan cancer cell siam theihna a tipung a ni. Hei hi thalaite zingah he natna hi a hluar em em chhan lian tak a ni.
Radiation laka invenna
Cancer dang avanga radiation therapy i lo dawng tawh a nih chuan radiation i dawnna hmuna ruhteah osteosarcoma vei theihna a tlem hle.
Genetic factors atanga lo chhuak a ni
Hei hi a buaithlak deuh a ni. A awlsam zawngin kan taksaah hian cancer lo awm tur titawptu gene bik a awm a. Kan taksa vengtu te ang maiin. Chungte chu `tumor suppressor genes` an ti a. `p53` hi chutiang gene pakhat chu a ni. Heng genes-ah hian inthlak danglamna a awm a, chu chu `mutation` a nih chuan cancer vei theihna a sang hle. Tin, naupang tê tê mit cancer nena inzawm, `retinoblastoma (Rb)` tih gene chu he thil nen hian a inzawm tih hmuhchhuah a ni bawk.
Tin, a hnuaia genetic condition awm lo tak tak nei te pawh hi osteosarcoma vei theihna a sang hle bawk:
- Li-Fraumeni natna a ni
- Paget-a ruh natna (osteitis deformans) .
- Hereditary retinoblastoma atanga lo chhuak a ni
- Bloom syndrome tih hi a ni
- Diamond-Blackfan thisen tlakchhamna
- Rothmund-Thomson natna a ni
- Werner natna a ni
Ruh natna (bone infarction) a awm
Ruh peng pakhata thisen kalna chu eng emaw chhan vanga tihtawp a nih chuan chu hmuna cell awmte chu an thi a ni. Hei hi a chang chuan cancer cells a lo awm theih chhan nia ngaih a ni bawk.
He natna hi Doctor hian engtin nge a hriat chian?
A chunga i sawi tak symptoms nei doctor i hmuh chuan, a natna awmzia dik tak hriat theih nan step tlemte a zawm ang.
1. Natna lan chhuah dan zawhna: A hmasa berin i doctor chuan nang leh i fa chu a natna lan chhuah dan (natna intan tirh, eng ang nge a nih, a hring a awm em, etc.) leh i chhungte zingah tu emaw Cancer vei an awm em tih te a zawt ang.
2. Taksa examination: Tichuan, uluk taka enfiah a, lump emaw swelling emaw a awm leh awm loh enfiah a ni.
3. Referral for test: Chumi hnuah chuan i natna finfiah nan test eng emaw zat refer i ni ang.
- X-ray examination: Hei hian ruh chhungah cancer natna a awm leh awm loh hriatna hmasa ber a pe thei a ni.
- MRI emaw CT scan: Hengte hian cancer natna zung lian leh te, a chhehvel tissue-a a darh dan chiang takin a tarlang thei a ni.
- Biopsy: Hei hi 100% a diagnosis finfiahna atana test pawimawh ber a ni . Hetah hian cancer awmna hmun atang hian tissue te tak te pakhat lak a ni a, microscope hmangin an enfiah thin. Hei hian osteosarcoma nge cancer chi dang a nih leh nih loh hriat theih nan a pui ang a, cancer grade chu eng nge ni tih hriat theih nan a pui bawk ang.
- Thisen test: Hengte hian hriselna dinhmun tlangpui leh cancer chhinchhiahna thenkhat hriat theihna a pui thin.
Natna hi osteosarcoma a ni tih finfiah a nih veleh a dawt leh tur chu cancer hi taksa peng dangah a darh tawh em tih en a ni. Hei hi ‘staging’ an ti a. Hei hian ‘bone scan’ emaw, ‘PET scan’ emaw a huam thei a, chu chuan taksa pum ruh a enfiah thin.
Enkawlnate chu engte nge ni?
Osteosarcoma enkawlna hi team pakhatin an ti tlangpui. Chumi awmzia chu mi tam tak, oncologist, surgeon, leh physiotherapist te pawh an lo kal khawm tihna a ni. Enkawl dan tlangpui pahnih a awm a.
Enkawl dan tlangpui chu: Chemotherapy → Surgery → Chemotherapy a ni
1. Chemotherapy: Hei hian taksain cancer cell thattu damdawi chak tak pek a huam a ni. Heng damdawi te hian thisen kaltlangin taksa pum puiah an kal a, main tumor-a cell te bakah taksa peng danga darh tawh cancer cell te tak te (scan-a kan hmuh theih loh) te pawh an that thei a ni. Operation hmaa chemotherapy pek hian tumor chu a ti tlem thei a, surgery a ti awlsam thei bawk. Surgery hnua Chemotherapy pek hian cancer cell la awm zawng zawng a that thei a, natna a lo let leh tawh loh nan a veng thei bawk.
2. Surgery: Hetah hian kan tum ber chu cancer natna hrik awm chu paih vek a ni. Surgeon chuan a chhehvela tissue hrisel thenkhat nen chuan lump chu a la chhuak thin. Hei hi cancer cell pakhat mah a awm loh nan tih a ni. Surgery chi hrang hrang a awm a.
| Surgery chi hrang hrang | Hrilhfiahna |
|---|---|
| Limb salvage surgery neih a ni | Hei hi tunlai kalphung hman tlanglawn ber a ni. A kut leh ke zawng zawng chu a la chhuak lo. Cancer nei ruh hmun chauh lakchhuah a ni a, midang atanga metal prosthesis emaw bone graft emaw hmanga thlak a ni. |
| Amputation tih a ni | Cancer hi a darh zau tawh a nih chuan, emaw, thisen kalna kawng emaw, nerve pawimawh tak tak a chhiat chuan, a chang chuan kut emaw, ke emaw lakchhuah a ngai thin. Tichuan kut lem emaw, ke emaw siam theih a ni. |
| Rotationplasty hmanga tih a ni | Hei hi thil awm lo, specialized surgery a ni. Khup cancer a awm chuan khup atanga cancer awmna hmun chu lakchhuah a ni a, ke chu degree 180-in an herh a, chutah chuan kekawr chhungah an inzawm leh thin. Chumi hnuah chuan ke chu khup ang maiin a thawk ta a ni. Ke artificial hmanga fit theih a ni a, i kal tha thei bawk. |
A then phei chuan cancer hi operation tih theih lohna hmunah a darh tawh a nih chuan radiation therapy pek theih a ni.
Enkawl hnuah side effect a awm em?
Ni e, heng enkawlna te, a bik takin chemotherapy te hi thiltithei tak an ni a, hun rei lote chhung leh hun rei tak chhung atan side effect an nei thei a ni. Enkawl lai hian rilru hahna, luak chhuak, sam tlakchham, leh hahna ang chi thil a awm thei. Tin, hun rei tak chhung atan chuan .
- Cancer chi dang vei theihna risk
- Fa neih theihnaah nghawng a neih (`Infertility`) .
- Thinlung, lung, kal, leh beng ang chi taksa peng hrang hrangte hnathawh danah nghawng a nei
- Ngaihtuahna leh hriatrengnaah nghawng a nei
Hetiang thil hi a thleng thei a ni. Chuvangin, inenkawl hnuah pawh Doctor nen follow up chhunzawm zel a pawimawh hle.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Naupang ruh, a bik takin khup leh ke ruh vel a natna awm reng emaw, a hring emaw chu ngaihthah ngai suh. Ngaihthah suh, thil pangngaiah ngaiin, Doctor pan nghal mai rawh.
- Osteosarcoma hi ruh cancer a ni a, thalai zingah a awm tam ber. Mahse, a hmaa hmuhchhuah a nih chuan hlawhtling taka enkawl theih a ni a, tihdam vek theih a ni .
- Enkawlna hi chemotherapy leh surgery hmanga enkawl a ni tlangpui. Tunlaia enkawlna changkang tak tak te nen chuan ke ruh hlih lova natna hi enkawl theih a ni chho zel a.
- He hun harsa tak karah hian naupang leh nu leh pate tan pawh rilru lam puihna a pawimawh hle. Chumi chungchang pawh chu i doctor nen sawiho rawh.
- He natna chungchanga zawhna i neih chuan, a enkawl dan tur, a side effects chungchangah emaw zawhna i neih chuan doctor zawt hreh suh.
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