Hripui chungchanga i hriat tur chu!

‘Plague’ emaw ‘Epidemic’ emaw chanchin hi history bu leh thawnthu atang pawhin i hre tawh mai thei. Khatih laia hri leng hi engtiang chiahin nge a hlauhawm tih ngaihtuah chian a har a ni lawm ni? Mahse, he hripui hi khawvel ram thenkhatah chuan an la awm reng tih i hria em? Mahse, a hma angin hripui lian tak a ni lo. Vawiin hian he thu hi chipchiar deuhin han sawi ila , a chhan chu mi zawng zawng tan hetiang thil hi hriat chian a pawimawh a ni.

Plague hi eng nge ni tak tak?

A awlsam zawngin, Plague hi bacteria infection atanga lo chhuak natna a ni . Bacteria chi khat Yersinia pestis an tih atanga lo chhuak a ni. Zoonotic disease-ah dah a ni. Chumi awmzia chu ran a\angin mihringah a kai thei a, mihring a\angin rannungah a kai thei tihna a ni. A kai tam ber chu rulhut, rulhut ang chi, hri kai rannung seh a, chutah mi seh avanga kai a ni.

Hripui hi chi thum a awm a. I hmuh chi chu i taksaa Yersinia pestis bacteria hian khawi hmunah nge a nghawng tih a innghat a ni.

1. Bubonic plague: Hei hian i lymph nodes a nghawng a.

2. Septicemic plague: Hemi ah hian bacteria chu i thisenah a lut a.

3. Pneumonic plague: Hei hian i lung a nghawng a.

Plague tih hming hi tun thleng hian an la hmang reng em?

Ni e, he natna hi Yersinia pestis bacterium avanga lo awm hi "Plague" tih hming kan la hmang reng a ni. Mahse a tam zawkah chuan a hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan kan sawi thin. Chu chu bubonic plague, septicemic plague emaw, pneumonic plague emaw tihna a ni.

Hripui hi a la awm tak tak em?

Ni e, hripui hi khawvel atangin a la bo lo. Africa ram hmun thenkhatah chuan a tam zawk . Tin, Asia, South America leh United States-ah te kum tin case engemaw zat an awm bawk. Chuvangin he natna hi theihnghilh vek theih a ni lo.

Hripui chi thum chungchang tlem tal hriat belh leh ila

Tûnah hian hripui chi thumte hi a hranin ngun takin han thlir ila.

1. Bubonic Plague, chu chuan lymph node a tichhe thin

Hei hi hripui chi hrang hrang zingah chuan a tam ber a ni. Tin, chi dang pahnih aiin nunna a chhanhim zawk bawk. Antibiotics hmanga enkawl tan thuai a nih chuan a dam theihna chance 95% a awm.

Bubonic Plague i vei chuan i lymph node pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw chu na takin a lo hring chhuak thin . Heng lymph node hring te hi buboes an ti a. A tlangpuiin natna hrik kai flea bite awmna hmun bula lymph node-ah an lo hring chhuak thin. Entirnan, flea-in i ke a seh chuan i groin-a lymph node te chu a lo hring thei a ni.

2. Septicemic Plague (thisen tichhe thei) .

Septicemic plague hi i thisenah Yersinia pestis bacteria a luh chuan a lo awm thin . Hei hi a hlauhawm hle a, a chhan chu bacteria te hian i thisenah an kal a, i tissue te chu an tichhia tan thin a ni. Hei hian natna khirh tak tak, gangrene (tissue thihna leh a dum) leh taksa peng hrang hrang a tichhe thei a ni.

Septicemic Plague hi a lo awm theih dan kawng hrang hrang a awm a:

• Infected flea-in a seh avang hian.
• Rannung hri kai atanga taksa tui (e.g. thisen) i vun break hmanga i taksaa luh tir hian.
• Taksa hmun danga plague infection (e.g. bubonic plague) chu a na zual a, bacteria chu thisenah a lut (hei hi `secondary infection` an ti).

3. Pneumonic Plague, chu chuan lung a tichhe thin

Pneumonic plague hi i lung chhunga bacteria Yersinia pestis a luh chuan a lo awm thin . Hei hi hripui chi thum zingah chuan a tam lo ber a, a hlauhawm ber bawk .

Pneumonic plague hi mi pakhat atanga mi dangah, khawsik pangngai ang bawkin khuh leh thawk hah hmangin a darh thin . Tin, hri kai rannung nena inhnaih taka inhnaih vang emaw, taksa hmun danga hripui natna chu lung (secondary infection) a darh vang emaw pawh a ni thei bawk.

Hetiang chi hian pneumonia na tak leh thawk lama harsatna a thlen thin. Enkawl vat loh chuan ni reilote chhunga thihna chance a sang hle.

Bubonic leh Pneumonic Plague hi eng nge an danglamna ber?

Heng chi hnih hi bacteria inang, Yersinia pestis atanga lo chhuak an ni. Mahse, Bubonic Plague hi bacteria infection a ni a, i lymph node-ah a awm thin. Pneumonic Plague hi bacteria infection a ni a, i lungah a lo awm a. A danglamna ber chu taksa peng hri kai hi a ni.

He natna hi tuin nge vei tam zawk?

Plague hian Africa ram hrang hranga chengte a tuar tam ber a, a bik takin Madagascar leh Democratic Republic of the Congo ang ramah te a nghawng nasa ber a ni.

Hei bakah hian America leh Asia ramah kum tin hri kai an awm thin. United States-ah chuan chhim lam state thingtlang hmunah a tam ber. Rannung nena thawk ho, a bik takin hripui vei nia hriatna hmunah te chuan he natna hi an vei theihna a sang hle.

Engtiang chiahin nge hripui hi a hluar?

Hripui hi a la awm reng a, a hma angin a awm lo nachungin. Mahse tunah chuan a tlem hle.. Khawvel pumah kum tin hripui vei mi 1,000 leh 2,000 vel an awm a ni. United States-ah chuan kum tin mi pasarih vel chauh an awm ṭhin. Chuvangin, a dik lo taka hlauhthawn a ngai lo va, mahse awareness hi a pawimawh hle.

Engtin nge hripui hian taksa a nghawng?

I taksaah bacteria `Yersinia pestis` a luh chuan i immune system atangin a inthup hmasa thin . Hei hian zalen takin a pung thei a, i taksa pum puiah a darh thei bawk. Bacteria chu cell chhunga a luh chuan `toxin` a chhuah a, chu chuan cell chu a that ta a ni.

Chutiang chuan bacterium `Yersinia pestis` chuan:

• I lymph nodes (bubonic plague) te infect la, chu chuan `buboes` an tih chu a ti hring lian hle.
• I thisenah (septicemic plague) lut la, chu chuan i taksa peng hrang hrang a tichhe thei a ni.
• I lung chhungah lut la (pneumonic plague), chu chuan inflammation nasa tak a thlen thei a, thawk harsatna a thlen thei bawk.

Tunlai hripui na ber chu eng nge ni?

Tunhma lama hripui na ber chu kum 1300 chho lai vela Europe, Asia, leh North Africa ram hrang hranga hripui tuar nasa ber nia ngaih a ni . Chutih lai chuan mi maktaduai tam takin an thi a ni. Hei hi a chhan pakhat chu, chutih laia inthiarna \ha lo leh ei tur indaih lohna avangin miten natna an vei tam zawk vang a ni. Sumdawnna kawng hmangin ram khat atanga ram dangah a darh a.

A tam zawkah chuan mi pakhatin "hripui" chungchang a sawi hian he hri leng hi an sawina a ni. "Black Death" an ti bawk.

Plague natna lan chhuah dan chu engte nge ni?

Plague symptom thenkhat chu chi hrang hrangah a awm tlangpui. Bubonic, sepicemic, pneumonic plague i neih leh neih loh a zirin symptom hrang hrang a awm bawk.

A lan chhuah dan tlangpui:

• Khawsik
• Chills a awm
• Lu na leh taksa na
• Chak lohna leh hah lutuk (Fatigue) .
• Luak chhuak thei
• Nausea, luak chhuak leh luak chhuak

A lan chhuah dan chiang tak tak: 1.1.

• Bubonic plague: Lymph node (buboes) a hring, a na.
• Septicemic plague: Pum na, hnar, ka leh vun hnuai atanga thisen chhuak. A châng chuan kut zungtang, kut leh ke chu a dum (`gangrene`) a lo ni thei bawk.
• Pneumonic plague: Thâwk harsa, rilru na, khuh, leh thisen emaw tui emaw phlegm.

Hripui a lo thlen hian eng ang nge a nih?

I taksa peng eng ber nge a nghawng dan azirin hripui hi a lan dan a inang lo.

Septicemic hripui (septicemic hripui) a niGangrene a awm thei. I tissue te chu a thi vek. I kut zungtang, kut, ke ruh, ke, a nih loh leh taksa peng dangte chu a dum thei .

Bubonic plague i neih chuan lymph node lian tak tak, chiang taka hmuh theih pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw, swollen lymph node (buboes) i hmu ang. Mi tam tak chuan bubonic plague tarlanna atan medieval painting an hmang a, mahse chu painting-a mite chu an taksa pum puiah hliam an nei niin a lang. Chutiang chu hripui hi a takah chuan a ni lo. (Chutiang lemziak lar tak takte chuan ``smallpox'' emaw ``leprosy'' emaw an lantir fo thin.)

Eng thilin nge hripui hi a thlen?

Plague hi natna hrik pakhat Yersinia pestis an tih atanga lo chhuak a ni. Rat leh rannung dangte hian bacterium Y. pestis an keng tel a ni. Mahse mihringte hi chu bacteria kengtu rulhut, rulhut emaw, rulhut emaw , seh hian kan kai a ni. Y. pestis bacteria hi i lymph node, thisen, emaw lung emaw ah lutin i natna a siam thin.

Engtin nge hripui hi a kai darh?

Hripui natna thlentu bacteria, `Y. pestis`, chu rannung atanga mihringah emaw, midang atanga kai theih a ni. Hengte hian hripui i vei thei a ni:

• Fleas emaw lice bites atanga: Flea pakhatin rat emaw ran dang `Y. pestis` chuan a seh che a.
• Ran hri kai atanga direct a: Ran hri kai taksa tui emaw tissue (e.g. thisen, sa) nena inzawmna hmangin.
• Midang hnen atanga: Mi pakhatin bacteria `Y. pestis` an lung (pneumonic plague)-ah a awm a, an khuh emaw, an khuh emaw chuan i kai thei bawk.

Rannungte pawhin rannung dang a\angin hripui an vei thei bawk.

Eng rannung nge hripui hri leng?

Mi tam tak chuan hripui hi rulhut chauhvin an thehdarh thei niin an ngai. Amaherawhchu, rannung dang tam takin he natna hi an phur thei a, an thehdarh thei bawk. I awmna hmun azirin hripui vei tam ber rannungte chu a inang lo thei. Zirchianna atanga a lan dan chuan hripui hian heng rannungte hi a nghawng thei a ni:

• Rodents: Rannung, mice, prairie dog, squirrel, gerbil, leh guinea pig te an ni.
• Rannung te te dangte.
• Ui leh vawk te chu in lamah an dah a. (Ni e, kan ran vulhte pawhin hei hi an hmu thei!)
• Sakhi.
• Camel a ni.

Plague hi natna hrik kai theih a ni em?

Bubonic plague leh sepicemic plague hi mi pakhat atanga mi dangah direct-a kai theih a ni lo. Chu chu chutiang nei mi i khawih emaw, i biak emaw chuan i na lo vang tihna a ni (fleas lakah fimkhur rawh!).

Mahse, pneumonic plague hi kai theih a ni. Pneumonic plague vei mi pakhatin a khuh, a thawk hah a, a inzawmna hnai tak a neih chuan a darh thin.Mi pakhat atanga mi dang hnena kai theih a ni. Khawsik pangngai ang maiin a darh a, mahse a rah chhuah chu a pawi zawk hle.

Plague hi virus a ni em?

Ni lo, Plague hi virus a ni lo. Bacterium pakhat Yersinia pestis an tih atanga lo chhuak a ni.

Engtin nge hripui hi kan hriat theih ang?

Bubonic plague chhinchhiahna langsar ber chu lymph node hring leh na tak `bubo` an tih hi a ni.Flea-in a seh emaw, `bubo` i neih emaw chuan i doctor chuan plague a ringhlel mai thei.

Doctor hmu tura i kal dawnin hengte hi sawi ngei ngei tur a ni:

• Plague natna vei awmna hmunah i awm a nih chuan, emaw, tun hnaia chutiang hmuna i zin tawh chuan.
• Flea i nei a.
• Rannung hri kai thei nia i hriat i khawih tawh chuan.
• I taksaah lymph node na tak, a hring pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan.

Diagnostic test te pawh a awm

Plague hriat theih nan i doctor chuan i thisen, i khuh emaw, i tui emaw chu lymph node atanga sample la in lab-ah Y. pestis bacteria chhinchhiahna zawng turin a thawn ang.

Engtin nge Plague hi enkawl a nih?

Plague hi antibiotics hmanga enkawl vat a pawimawh hle.

I doctor chuan damdawi chu vein (IV) hmangin emaw, pill angin emaw a pe ang che. I symptoms leh risk factors a zirin test result a lo luh hmain antibiotics ei tan i ni thei a, hun hi a pawimawh ber a ni.

Eng damdawi nge hman?

Plague hi antibiotics oral emaw intravenous emaw hmanga enkawl a ni. I doctor chuan heng antibiotics zinga pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw a pe thei ang:

• `Ciprofloxacin` tih a ni
• `Levofloxacin` tih a ni
• `Moxifloxacin` tih a ni
• `Doxycycline ( Doxycycline ( Doxycycline (Doxycycline) ) )`
• `Gentamicin` tih a ni
• `Streptomycin hman a ni` tih a ni
• `Kloramphenicol` tih a ni
• `Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole hman tur a ni` tih hi a ni

Engtin nge hripui laka inven theih ang?

Flea bite pumpelh a, rannung hri kai thei te i hmachhawn hunah fimkhur takin plague i vei theihna i tihtlem thei bawk.

I tih theih ṭhenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Ramsa ten in an siam theihna hmun (e.g., thingpui, bawlhhlawh, bush) te tihfai thin ang che.
• Ran vulh ei tur chu pawnah dah suh la, ramsa pawh chawm suh. Hengte hi an hmuh hnuah rat ang chi rannungte chu an lo kal ang.
• Pawnah, a bik takin ramngaw hmunah chuan DEET awmna bug spray hmang thin ang che.
• I ran vulh enkawltu hnenah rulhut laka inven dan tur zawt rawh. Ran vulh, ui leh vawk te pawhin hripui an keng tel thei bawk.
• Ran (nung emaw thi emaw) hri kai thei nia i hriat i khawih chuan kutkawr bun ngei ngei tur a ni.
• Hripui natna hmuna i awm chuan i ran vulhte chu pawnah zalen taka vak kual tir suh.
• He hripui hi i tuar tawh mai thei nia i hriat chuan i doctor hnenah i natna laka inven nan antibiotics i ei a ngai em tih zawt la.

Hripui hripui hi a vaccine a awm em?

Vaccine hi hripui laka invenna atan hman a ni lo. Tunah hian scientist te chuan plague vaccine tha zawk siam tumin hma an la mek a ni.

Hripui a lo awm chuan eng nge thleng ang?

Plague i vei chuan enkawl nghal a ngai a ni. Antibiotics hian hna tha tak nei mah se, i natna lan chhuah tirh atanga darkar 24 chhunga damdawi i ei tan chuan dam theihna chance tha ber i nei a ni . I natna lan chhuah dan control nan oxygen emaw, enkawlna dang emaw pek i ni thei bawk.

Hripui hi eng chen nge a awm?

Enkawlna nen chuan kar khat emaw kar hnih emaw vel hnuah i rilru a hahdam tan tur a ni. Bubonic plague avanga buboes (swollen lymph nodes) te hi a dam theih nan kar engemaw zat a ngai thei.

Hripui avanga harsatna awm thei

Plague natna tam tak chu a lo awm nghal vat a, nunna atana hlauhawm tak a ni thei bawk . Chung zinga ṭhenkhat chu:

• Gangrene vanga tissue thihna leh taksa peng hrang hrang hloh.
• Thluak khuh tu membrane te a inflammation (meningitis).
• Internal organ failure a awm.
• Thluak lama harsatna nei.

Engtin nge Hripui hi kan pumpelh theih ang?

Antibiotics hmanga enkawl vat hi hripui laka invenna tha ber a ni. Enkawlna rang tak a nih chuan hripui chi hrang hrang vei zinga 90% vel chu an dam chhuak thei a ni.

Hripui thihpui zat hi engzat nge ni?

Enkawl loh chuan hripui hi a thihpui fo thin. Enkawlna a awm chuan bubonic plague vanga thihna hi 5% leh 15% inkar a ni. Pneumonic leh sepicemic plague tan chuan thihna rate hi 50% vel a ni. Chuvangin, enkawl hmasak a pawimawh zia i hmu a ni lawm ni?

Engtikah nge doctor i hmuh ang?

Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor rawn la nghal rawh :

• Hripui i tuar tawh nia i ngaih chuan.
• Plague awmna hmuna i awm a nih chuan, emaw, tun hnaia pakhat i tlawh tawh a, tunah chuan hripui natna lan chhuahna i nei a nih chuan.

Doctor hnenah eng zawhna nge ka zawh ang?

• "Plague ka tawk tawh nia ka inhriat chuan antibiotics ka ei tur em ni?"
• "Damdawi inah awm rengin inenkawl ka ngai dawn em ni, a nih loh leh in atanga inenkawlna ka dawng thei ang em?"
• "Eng symptom thar emaw, danglam zel emaw nge ka en tur?"

Historic-a hripui leng vanga hri leng lian tak takte

Historic-ah hian Plague vangin hri leng hmingthang tak tak pathum a awm a, chungte chu:

1. Justinian-a hripui: Kum 541 AD vel atang khan natna thlipui eng emaw zat a awm a. Mi engzat nge thi tih chiang taka sawi harsa viau mah se, he hripui hian mi maktaduai sawm chuang a thihpui nia rin a ni.

2. The Black Death: Kum 1348 atanga tan a ni a, Europe ramah ringawt pawh mi maktaduai 25 vel an thi.

3. The third plague pandemic: Hei hi Antarctica tih loh continent tinah a darh a. India leh China ramah ringawt mi maktaduai 12 vel a thi a ni.

A tawp berah chuan hei hi hre reng ang che.

Tun hma chuan hripui hian mi maktaduai tam tak a that thin. He natna hi tun thlengin a la awm reng a ni. Mahse, tunlai sanitation leh antibiotics vangin tunah chuan a vanga thi hi an tlem hle. Mahse, a rang thei ang bera enkawl a pawimawh .

Miin, "Hripui ang maiin ka pumpelh a ni," a tih che chuan, rannung him taka an enkawl dan leh flea control dan an hman danah lawmthu i sawi thei ang! A chhan chu awareness leh himna atana fimkhur hi a pawimawh ber a ni.

`Plague, hripui, Yersinia pestis, bubonic plague, sepicemic plague, pneumonic plague, fleas, hri leng, a lan chhuah dan, enkawl dan