Thâwk lak leh thawk chhuah hi thil awlsam, pianphung kan chunga thil thleng a ni. Mahse, a châng chuan khuh chhunzawm zel, thawk hah, leh rilru na tak ang chi thilte hian min tibuai ṭhin. Hengte hi lung natna hmuh tur awm lo, khawsik aiin a na zawk, mahse mi tam takin an la hriat ngai loh chhinchhiahna a ni thei. Hengte hi sawi a tam lo hle. Chuvangin, vawiinah hian chutiang lung natna hmuh tur awm lo, kan hriat tur kan sawi a ni.
Heng lung natna hmuh tur awm lote hi engte nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, lung natna hmuh tur awm lo tak takte hi natna khirh tak, rei tak, mi tlemte chauh tuar thei a ni. Kan thawkna peng lian ber chu lung hi a ni. Kan thawk chhuah hian boruaka oxygen awm chu thisenah a tel a, thisen chhunga carbon dioxide chu lungah a chhuak leh thin. Chuvangin, heng natna hmuh tur awm lote hian lung chhunga he thil pawimawh tak hi a tibuai a ni.
Doctor-te chuan lung natna hmuh tur awm lo za tam tak an hmuchhuak tawh a ni. Heng natnate hi hun kal zelah a zual deuh tlangpui. Ṭhenkhat chu nunna atana hlauhawm pawh an ni thei. Thil lungchhiatthlak tak chu heng natna tam zawk hi damdawi a la awm lo . Mahse, natna lan chhuah dan thunun thei leh natna zual zel tur tikhawtlai thei enkawlna a awm. Mi thenkhat chuan a tawp ber atan lung transplant an mamawh mai thei.
Lung natna hmuh tur awm lo ber berte chu engte nge ni?
Natna hmuh tur awm lo chi hrang hrang, lungpui tichhe thei chi hrang hrang a awm a. A then chu table pakhatah chipchiar takin han thlir ila. Hei hian heng natnate hi chiang taka hriatthiamna i neih theih nan a pui ang che.
| Natna Hming | A awlsam zawngin hetiang hi a thleng thin. | Enkawl dan tur |
|---|---|---|
| Alpha-1 Antitrypsin tlakchhamna (AATD) . | Thisenah hian liver atanga protein siam AAT level a tlahniam. Hei hian lung leh thin natna (e.g. COPD, cirrhosis) vei theihna a tipung a ni. | Augmentation therapy, damdawi, oxygen therapy, pulmonary rehabilitation, lung transplantation te a awm bawk. |
| Cystic Fibrosis (CF) natna a awm thei. | Hei hi genetic disease a ni. Mucus sticky, thick tak chu lung leh pancreas ang chi organ hrang hrangah a lo awm khawm thin. | Respiratory tract decongestant therapy, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory damdawi, lung transplant te hman a ni. |
| Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) a ni a, a rilru a hah lutuk a, a rilru a buai em em bawk a. | Lung chhunga thisen kalna kawng (arteries) te chu a thim a, a zim a, chu chuan thisen kal a tikhawlo a, lung chhunga thisen sang a tisang bawk. | He natna hi a chhan a zirin enkawl dan a inang lo. Ruihhlo hmanga enkawl hi a bulpui ber a ni. |
| Interstitial Lung Diseases - Lung tissue tichhe thei natna chi khat | ||
| A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a. | A chhan dik tak hriat a la ni lo. Lung tissue chu a thim a, a khauh a, hliam a awm bawk. | Natna darh zel tur thunun thei damdawi, oxygen therapy, lung transplant te. |
| A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a hah em em bawk a. Pneumonitis (HP) . | Environment-a thil awmte (mold, bacteria, chemicals) inhnim avanga allergy awm hian lung a ti na thei a, a ti na thei bawk. | Corticosteroid, immunosuppressant, oxygen hmanga enkawlna te pawh a awm bawk. |
| Sarcoidosis natna (sarcoidosis) a ni | Lung chhungah hian lump te te (granulomas) a lo awm thin. A chhan dik tak erawh a chiang lo. | Corticosteroid, cancer dona damdawi, malaria damdawi. |
Engvangin nge hei hi "orphan" lung disease an tih pawh a nih?
Hei hi hming mak deuh mahse, a hnung lamah hian thawnthu lian tak a awm. Heng natnate hi ``Orphan Lung Diseases'' an ti bawk. A chhan chu heng natna vei te hian damdawi khawvelah "mahni chauh" anga an inhriat vang a ni. Ngaihtuah teh, heng natnate hi a tlem em avangin, dik taka hriatchhuah leh enkawl thei doctor hmuh a har hle. Tin, hengte chungchangah hian zirchianna neih a tlem hle bawk. Chuvangin heng damlote leh an chhungte hi tanpui theih lohna nasa takah an awm ta a ni.
Heng lung natna hmuh tur awm lote hi eng thilin nge a thlen?
Heng natnate hi chhan pakhat chauh a awm lo. Anmahni thlentu thil chi hrang hrang a awm thei.
- Genetic causes: Natna thenkhat, cystic fibrosis ang chi hi nu leh pa atanga fate hnenah genes kaltlangin a kai darh thin. He natna hi pian tirh lamah a awm thei bawk.
- Environment factors: Hengte hi kan thawkna boruak chhunga thil awmte vang pawh a ni thei. Entîr nân, hun rei tak chhûng asbestos, lungalhthei leivut, sava ek, mold, cigarette meikhu, a nih loh leh chemical dang inhnim.
- Infection: Bacteria, viral, fungal infection thenkhat pawhin hetiang hi a thlen thei bawk.
- Damdawi lam thil dang: Autoimmune diseases, taksa hriselnain a taksa a beih hian lung a tichhe thei bawk. Entirnan, ruh natna leh lupus.
- A chhan hriat loh (Idiopathic): Natna thenkhat, entirnan idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) hi a nasat em avangin doctor-te chuan an lo awm chhan chiang takin an la hre lo.
A pawimawh ber chu heng natnate hi kai theih a ni lo tih hi a ni. Chumi awmzia chu damlo pakhat atanga damlo dangah an kai thei lo tihna a ni.
Heng natna lan chhuah dan tlangpui chu engte nge ni?
Natna azirin a lan chhuah dan inang lo mah se, heng lung natna hmuh tur awm lo tam tak hian thil inang deuh deuh an nei a. Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan ngaihtuah a pawimawh hle.
- Persistent cough: Khuh hring emaw, hnim hring emaw, kar emaw thla tam emaw chhung a awm.
- Thâwk lak tawi (dyspnea): Thâwk hahna, a bik takin exercise lak lai te, kea kal lai te, stairs lawn lai te. Hun a kal zel a, i ding reng lai hian thawk harsa pawh a awm thei bawk.
- Chest pain: Chest tightness emaw, na emaw reng reng.
- Thâwk chhuah laiin aw mak tak tak: "chirchir" emaw whistling ri emaw, rilru atanga lo chhuak (wheezing).
- Chest infection neih fo: Bronchitis emaw pneumonia emaw ang chi natna i neih fo chuan.
- Chauhna: Chhan awm lovin hah lutuk tih hriat.
- Rihna tihtlem: 1.1.Thau tihtlem tum lovin taksa rihna tihtlem.
Heng symptoms nei zawng zawng hian lung natna rare tak an nei vek lo. Mahse, heng symptoms te hi a la awm reng a nih chuan doctor pan a, thurawn lak a pawimawh hle.
Heng natnate hi engtin nge an hriat chhuah?
Doctor i pan chuan i natna lan chhuah dan te, i chhungkuaa tu emaw hian he natna hi an nei em tih te, i hnathawhna hmun te a zawt nasa ang che. Chumi hnuah chuan natna hriat theihna turin test eng emaw zat a ti thei ang.
| Test neihna tur hming | Hei hi engtin nge i tih? |
|---|---|
| Thisen Test neih a ni | Damdawi lam thil dang enfiah la, genetic cause zawng rawh. |
| Imaging Test te pawh a awm | Chest X-ray emaw CT scan emaw hmangin lungah hliam emaw thil dang dang emaw a awm leh awm loh enfiah thin a ni. |
| Pulmonary Function Test neih a ni | I lungin a thawk chhuah leh chhuah theih dan a teh a ni. |
| Bronchoscopy hmanga enfiah a ni | Tube te tak te, camera dahna chu thawkna kawng hnuai lam pan chuan lung chhung lam en turin an kal a. A chang chuan tissue (biopsy) pakhat pawh enfiah nan lak theih a ni bawk. |
| Lung Biopsy tih a ni | He natna hi chu lung atanga tissue te tak te surgery hmanga lakchhuah a, microscope hmanga enfiah a nih chuan dik takin a hriat theih a ni. |
I natna lan chhuah dan a la awm reng chuan i general practitioner bakah pulmonologist hmuh a tha ber.
Engtin nge enkawl leh enkawl dan?
Kan sawi tawh ang khan heng natna tam tak hi damdawi tluantling a la awm lo. Mahse, natna lan chhuah dan thunun thei, natna zual zel tur tikhawtlai thei, nun ti awlsam thei tur enkawlna tam tak a awm.
Enkawl dan hi damlo tin leh natna hrang hrangah a inang lo.
- Damdawi: Damdawi chi hrang hrang hman a ni a, chu chu natna hrik tihziaawmna tur corticosteroid te, taksa hriselna tichhe thei damdawi te, antibiotics te hi a ni.
- Oxygen Therapy: Thisena oxygen level hniam nei tan chuan supplemental oxygen hi hnar tube emaw hmui hmanga pek thin a ni. Hei hian thawk harsatna a tiziaawm a, nunphung a tisang bawk.
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation: Hei hi programme bik a ni a, exercise, ei leh in tha, natna chungchang zirtirna, leh counselling te a tel a ni. Hei hian damlo taksa leh rilru chakna a titha a ni.
- Lung Transplant: Hei hi damlo dinhmun khirh tak, enkawlna dang hmanga thunun theih loh tan chuan duhthlan tur awmchhun a ni thei.
Heng natnate hi ka veng thei ang em?
Genetic diseases kan veng thei lo. Amaherawhchu, natna dang \henkhat laka invenna tihziaawmna tur thil kan tih theih a awm a:
- Meizial zuk loh vek tur a ni.
- Chemical emaw leivut emaw ang chi thil tha lo awmna hmuna hnathawh i nih chuan thawkna hmanrua \ha tak hmang rawh .
I chhungkuaa mi pakhatin genetic lung disease a neih chuan fa i neih hmain i doctor nen genetic counseling lak chungchang sawipui rawh.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Lung natna tlemte hi natna khirh tak, hun rei tak chhunga awm thei, hun kal zelah a na zual thei a ni.
- Cough chhunzawm zel, thawk hah, rilru na ang chi symptom i neih chuan ngaihthah suh la, doctor pan rawh. He natna hi a hriat hma poh leh enkawlna a hlawhtlin theihna a sang zawk.
- Heng natna tam tak hi tihdamna famkim awm lo mah se, natna lan chhuah dan thunun thei, nun ti awlsam thei leh dam rei thei tur enkawlna a awm.
- Nangmah emaw, i hnaih ber emaw hian hetiang dinhmun hi i nei a nih chuan beidawng suh. Damdawi lam enkawlna leh puihna dik tak i neih chuan nun tha zawk i hmang thei ang.
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