Ngaihtuah teh, nakin lawkah Alzheimer natna i vei ngei ang tih i hriat lawk chuan engtin nge i tih ang? Dik tak chuan chutiang thil kan hriat hnuah eng nge kan tih theih ang? Hei hi tunlai doctor leh zirchiangtu tam takin harsatna lian tak an tawh a ni. Tun hnaiah zirchiangtu pawl pakhat chuan Alzheimer natna vei zinga 20% vel chu an gene en mai maiin an hriat hmasak theih thu an hmuchhuak a. Chuvang chuan he thu hi sawi chhuah a pawimawh em em a ni.
Hei hi eng nge ni APOE4? Engvangin nge Alzheimer natna nen a inzawm?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, he `APOE` hi kan taksaa gene pakhat a ni. A hnathawh ber chu kan thisena cholesterol ang chi thau phurh chhuahnaah a pui a ni. He `APOE` gene hi chi hrang hrang a awm a. He gene hi kan hmu a, pakhat chu kan nu hnen atangin kan hmu a, pakhat chu kan pa hnen atangin kan hmu bawk.
Mi tam zawk chuan `APOE3` tih variant an nei a, mahse mi thenkhat chuan `APOE4` tih variant an nei mai thei.
- A vaiin mipui 20% velin `APOE4` gene copy khat an nei a.
- Mahse, mipui 2% vel chuan `APOE4` gene copy pahnih (nu leh pa hnen atangin) an rochun a ni. Damdawi lam hawi chuan heng mite hi `(APOE4 homozygotes)` kan ti a.
Hun rei tak atang khan APOE4 gene copy pahnih nei te hian Alzheimer natna vei theihna an nei sang hle tih hriat a ni tawh a .
Research thar ber berte hian eng nge a sawi?
Tun hnaia zirchianna pakhat, medical journal hmingthang tak Nature Medicine-a tihchhuah chuan hei hi thuk zawkin a chhui a ni. An thluak pek mi 3,300 leh mimal 10,000 te hriselna data an zirchiang a ni.
Chutah chuan mak tak mai an hmuchhuak a: APOE4 gene copy pahnih nei zinga 95% chuan an thluak emaw taksa tuiah emaw Alzheimer natna nena inzawm inthlak danglamna (biomarkers) an nei a.
Heng inthlak danglamna te hi kum 55 vel atang khan a intan tlangpui a, kum 65 vel atang khan a lan chhuah dan a intan a, a tawpah chuan dementia , hriatrengna leh ngaihtuahna thiamna tlahniam nasa tak chu kum 74 vel atang khan hmuhchhuah a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, zirchiangtute chuan APOE4 copy pahnih neih hi ‘risk tihpun’ aiin deterministic zawk a ni an ti. Hei hi a dik a nih chuan Alzheimer natna hi khawvela natna hrin atanga lo chhuak tam ber a ni thei ang.
Hemi chungchanga thil tha ber chu nakin lawkah thluak natna vei te chu a lan chhuah hmaa hriatchhuah leh enkawl theihna hun remchang a awm mai thei.
Chuti a nih chuan, mi zawng zawng hian he test hi an neih a ngai em?
Hetah hian zawhna pawimawh ber chu a awm. A chhanna chu, ni lo! Tuna kan dinhmun ngaihtuah hian medical association-te chuan mi zawng zawng tan he test hi an rawt lo a , symptoms eng pawh ni se. Chutiang a nih chhan hi eng emaw zat a awm.
He zirchianna hian a tih theih chin chu hrethiam rawh
- Hnam: He zirchianna hi European hnam chhuak mipa hringte chunga tih a ni ber. Chuvangin heng result te hi kan ram chhunga mi, chu chu Asia mite tan eng chen nge a hman tih hriat a la ni lo.
- Sample awm dan: Data hi Alzheimer’s research-a telte hnen atanga lakkhawm a nih avangin mipui zawng zawng aiin he natna vei duhna hi a danglam deuh thei a ni.
Mi zawng zawng hian symptom an nei vek lo.
Hei hi thlamuantu pawimawh ber a ni. Research ngei pawhin `APOE4` copy pahnih nei zawng zawng hian symptoms an nei vek lo tih a sawi . Mi thenkhat chu kum 80 vel thlengin an dam tha hle a, dementia chhinchhiahna engmah an nei lo. Tin, natna lan chhuah tan kum hi mi hrang hrangah a inang lo thei hle bawk.
| Test lakna a thatna | Test lak avanga Cons & Risks te |
|---|---|
| Risk chu i hre lawk thei ang. | Stress leh lungkhamna nasa tak a awm thei. |
| Nunphung (ei, in, exercise) thlak danglam tura thlemna nasa tak a awm a. | Results hi 100% a chiang lo. He natna hi a lo awm dawn nge kum engzat nge a lo awm dawn tih chiang taka sawi theih a ni lo. |
| Nakin lawkah chuan enkawlna thar emaw, zirchianna thar emaw i dawng thei ang. | Tunah hian natna laka invenna tur damdawi nghet a la awm lo. |
| Chhungkaw tinte pawhin an hlauhawmna tur ngaihtuahna engemaw zat an nei thei bawk. | Insurance leh hnathawhna ang chi thilte hi nakin lawkah a nghawng thei (ethical issues). |
He test hi i ngaihtuah a nih chuan eng nge i tih ang?
I chhungkuaa mi pakhatin Alzheimer’s natna a vei a, chu chu i lungngai hle ang tih han ngaihtuah teh. He `APOE4` test hi i ngaihtuah a nih chuan i ngaihtuah reng tur thenkhat chu hetiang hi a ni.
1. Test mai mai suh: Hetiang test hi hriat duh vang mai maiin ti suh. A bik takin online-a test order-naah fimkhur hle ang che.
2. I Doctor nen inbia: A hmasa berin i chhungkaw doctor emaw, neurologist emaw hnenah hemi chungchang hi sawipui rawh. I chhungkaw chanchin leh i hlauhthawn te chu inhawng takin sawi rawh.
3. Genetic Counseling hi a pawimawh : Hetiang test i neih dawn chuan report lak mai mai a ni tur a ni lo. Genetic counselor emaw, he thila specialist doctor emaw nena inbiakna neih hma leh hnua inbiakna neih a pawimawh hle . Chumi rah chhuah awmzia te, i nun a nghawng dan te, leh rilru lama nghawng a neih tur chu engtin nge i hmachhawn ang tih te i sawifiah a ngai a ni.
4. I thunun theih thilte ngaihtuah rawh: Kan genes hi kan thlak danglam thei lo. Mahse, kan thunun theih tur thil tam tak a awm. Kan tih theih tha ber chu thluak hriselna atana tha nunphung kan neih hi a ni .
- Ei leh in inthlau tak ei rawh.
- Exercise tih fo thin ang che .
- Zan mut nuam tak nei rawh.
- Thisen sang, zunthlum, leh cholesterol level control.
- Thluak tibuaitu thil (lehkhabu chhiar, puzzle chinfel, thil thar zir) ti rawh.
- Social takin awm rawh.
Doctor veteran pakhat chuan, "Tunlai hian damlote hnena ka tawng hman pawh ka thlak danglam tawh. Mi pakhat chu 'natna vei' a ni tih ka sawi ngai lo," a ti. 'Neurocognitive changes nen an nung' ka ti a ni." Hei hian beiseina leh rilru tha neih a pawimawh zia a tilang chiang hle.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- `APOE4` gene hi Alzheimer natna vei theihna tur risk factor lian tak a ni a, a bik takin copy hnih i neih chuan nasa takin a tipung a ni.
- Tun hnaia zirchianna chuan he inzawmna hi a nemnghet lehzual a, mahse a result hi kan population nena a inmilna tur hriat chian nan zirchianna dang neih belh a ngai a ni.
- He gene nei zawng zawng hian he natna hi an nei vek dawn lo. Symptom nei lo kum upa lam mi an awm.
- Tunah hian APOE4 hi asymptomatic individual-ah routine taka test a tha lo.
- Hemi chungchangah hian ngaihtuahna emaw zawhna emaw i neih chuan a tha ber chu i doctor nen sawiho la, genetic counseling pawh a tel.
- Genes chungchang ngaihtuah lovin, kan thunun theih tur thluak nena inmil nunphung hmangin i hlauhawmna chu i tihtlem thei a ni.
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