A châng chuan no emaw, pen emaw ang chi thil chu chhan awm lovin leiah a tla thut ang maiin i inhria em? A nih loh leh i kal laiin i ke a tlu ang maiin i hria em, a nih loh leh i thusawi laiin i thusawi chu a hlim lo ang maiin i inhria em? Chûngte chu kan chunga thil thleng mai ni mah se, a châng chuan kan taksa chhûnga thil pawi tak a thleng tih lantîrna hmasa ber a ni thei. Chutiang chuan tunlai kan nervous system nena inzawm natna pakhat kan sawi dawn a ni. Chu chu ALS a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, ALS chu eng nge ni?
ALS hi Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis tih tawifel a ni a . Mi thenkhat chuan ‘Lou Gehrig natna’ an ti bawk a, kum 1930 chho vela baseball player lar Lou Gehrig hming chawiin an sawi bawk. A awlsam zawngin, kan nervous system, a bik takin motor neurons an tih nerve cells te tichhe thei natna a ni.
Tunah chuan heng motor neurons te hi eng nge an nih i ngaihtuah mai thei. Ngaihtuah teh, kut i phar a, i ke i sawn a, i tawng a, chaw i ei... Heng zawng zawng hi i duhthusamin i ti vek a ni lawm ni? Awle, heng motor neurons te hian kan ngaihtuah leh kan thunun thin voluntary muscle te hi an control a ni. Heng nerve cell te hian thluak atanga thuchah chu taksa peng hrang hrangah an phur a, "Hetiang hian ti rawh" an ti a ni. ALS a lo awm chuan heng motor neurons te hi zawi zawiin an chak lo va, an thawk thei lo. Tichuan thluak atanga thuchah lo lutte chu taksa ruh (muscles) thlengin a thleng tha lo. Chumi avang chuan taksa ruhte chu a chak lo zauh zauh a, a lo reh zauh zauh bawk.
Thil lungchhiatthlak ber chu he natna hian a tawpah chuan diaphragm, thawkna atana min puitu ruh (muscle) chu a tichak lo hle a ni. Damlo tam tak chu thawk lama harsatna vangin an thi thin . He natna hi damdawi chiang tak a la awm lo.
ALS vei theihna tur risk factors te chu engte nge ni?
ALS thlen chhan dik tak hi hmuhchhuah a la ni lo a, mahse risk factor thenkhat erawh hmuhchhuah a ni.
- Genetics: ALS vei zinga za zela tlemte, 10% vel tan chuan thlahtute atanga lo chhuak a ni. Chumi awmzia chu chhungkuaa mi tu emaw chuan he natna hi a vei a nih chuan an fate hnena gene pek chhuah theihna chance 50% a awm tihna a ni. Hei hi chhungkaw ALS an ti a .
- Kum: Kum 75 thlenga kum upat chuan he natna hi kai theihna a sang chho zel a, kum 60 leh 80 inkar te hi an vei tam ber a ni.
- Sex: Kum 65 hnuai lam zingah hian hmeichhia aiin mipain he natna hi an vei tam zawk. Mahse, kum 70 an tlin hnuah chuan chu danglamna chu a bo ta a ni.
- Meizial zuk leh hmuam:Zirchianna thenkhatah chuan zuk leh hmuam mite hian ALS vei an hlauhawm hle tih hmuhchhuah a ni a, a bik takin hmeichhiate chu menopause hnuah an vei nasa hle.
- Toxins : Zirchiangtute chuan chemical thenkhat, lead ang chi te nena inzawmna pawh hi a hlauhawm thei niin an ngai. Hei hi chhui chian mek a ni.
- Sipai hna: Mak tak maiin, zirchianna thenkhatah chuan sipaia lo thawk tawhte hian ALS vei theihna chance an nei sang deuh tih an hmuchhuak a. A chhan dik tak hriat a la ni lo a, mahse toxin nena inzawmna leh stress nasa tak nena inzawm nia ngaih a ni.
- Kal laiin tlu, ke a inzawm khawm.
- Kut chhunga thil pakhat nghet taka vawn harsa (e.g., dropping cup, pans).
- Thusawi hrual (slurred ) a ni.
- Chaw emaw tui emaw ei harsa.
- Muscle cramps emaw natna emaw.
- Muscle twitching - fasciculations an ti bawk.
- Taksa dinhmun vawn that harsatna, kawng dik taka vawn theih lohna.
- EMG (Electromyography) hmanga tihchhuah a ni.Hei hian taksa peng hrang hranga electrical activity a teh a ni. ALS-ah chuan taksa peng hrang hrangte hian nerve atanga thuchah an dawng tha lo a, chuvangin EMG test-ah hian thil danglam bik (specific abnormal pattern) a lang a ni.
- Nerve Conduction Study: Hei hian nerve-a electrical signal kal chak dan a teh a ni. Hei hian nerve tihchhiat nasat dan tur ngaihtuahna a pe thei a ni.
- Physical therapy: Taksa lian tak tak, kea kal leh ding ang chiah hian a pui thin.
- Occupational therapy: Fine motor skills-ah a pui a, chu chu kawr button siam leh spoon hmanga ei te a ni.
- Speech therapy: Thusawi chiang zawka siam a pui a, ei leh in harsatna a enkawl bawk.
- ALS hi kan voluntary muscles control tu nerve cells motor neurons an tih te a nghawng a ni.
- A lan chhuah hmasak ber chu a fiah lo hle thei a, chu chu ke ruh chak lohna, kal harsa, leh thusawi thiam lo te pawh a ni.
- Natna hriat theihna tur test mumal tak a awm lo va, natna dang hrisel lohna hmanga hriat chian a ni.
- He natna hi tihdamna famkim la awm lo mah se, physical therapy, speech therapy, leh assistive device hrang hrang hmangin damlo nunphung chu level tha takah a vawng reng thei a ni.
- Heng symptoms te hi rei tak i neih chuan doctor advice la ngei ang che.
Pawimawh: Chemical tha lo tak i ei nia i rinhlelh chuan hlauthawng suh la, Colombo National Hospital-a National Poisons Information Center-ah damdawi lam thurawn dik tak dil rawh.
ALS natna lan chhuah hmasak berte chu engte nge ni?
ALS symptoms hi a lo lang nghal lo va, zawi zawiin a lo lang thin. A tirah chuan inthlâk danglamna tlemte chauh i hmu mai thei. Car steering wheel i vawn hian i kut chu a bengchheng hle mai thei. A nih loh leh, symptom dang a lan hmain thusawi harsa i nei thei bawk. A tir lama natna lan chhuah dan hi mi hrang hrangah a inang lo.
Mahse, a hmaa a lan chhuah dan tlangpui thenkhat a awm a:
He natna hi a lo intan dan a zirin chi hnih ah then theih a ni: Limb onset (limbs atanga tan) leh Bulbar onset (thusawi leh ei harsa atanga tan) .
| Natna intan dan | A lan chhuah dan tlangpui |
|---|---|
| Limb (Spinal) atanga lo chhuak | Mi tam tak tan chuan he natna hi hetiang hian a intan thin. Symptoms hi kut emaw ke emaw ah a lang hmasa ber.
|
| Bulbar Onset (thusawi/chaw ei atanga tan) 1.1. | Hei hi a tlem deuh a ni. A lan chhuah dan hi hmai, kawr leh kawr ruh (muscle)-ah a intan hmasa ber a ni.
|
| He natna hi hun kal zelah a zual zel a. | |
| Natna a zual deuh hunah | Muscle chak lohna, muscle mass hloh (atrophy), ei leh ei harsa, tawng hriat thiam loh, thawk harsa. |
Engtin nge ALS hi hriat chhuah a nih?
ALS hmuhchhuah hi thil buaithlak tak a ni a, a chhan chu a bik taka hriat theihna test pakhat chauh a awm loh vang a ni. Doctor-te chuan ALS i vei tih an hriat hmain i natna lan chhuahna thlentu ni thei dinhmun dang zawng zawng chu an paih vek a ni.
I doctor, a bik takin neurologist chuan heng test te hi a ti ang:
1. Damdawi lam endikna kimchang: I natna lan chhuah dan leh chhungkaw damdawi lam chanchin chu thui takin kan sawiho ang a, taksa ruh chak lohna, thau natna, leh tawng harsatna te kan enfiah ang.
2. Thisen leh zun test: Hengte hian ALS ang chi natna dang, thyroid natna, vitamin B12 tlakchhamna, leh natna dangte chu a paih chhuak thei a ni.
3. MRI scan: MRI-ah hian ALS hi direct-in a lang lo a, mahse a chhan dang, thluak emaw, ruhro (spinal cord tumor) emaw, disc sliped emaw a awm leh awm loh enfiah a pawimawh hle.
4. Electrophysiological test: Hengte hi diagnosis-ah a pawimawh hle.
ALS hmuhchhuah hi thil lian tak a nih avangin mi tam tak chu ngaihdan pahnihna lak tumin an thlem thin. Chu chu thil tha tak a ni. Tin, natna hi hun kal zelah a zual zel avangin thla 6 vel hnuah test leh a, symptoms a lo tha tawh em tih hriat a \angkai hle bawk.
Engtin nge symptoms te hi kan enkawl ang?
ALS hi damdawi tluantling la awm lo mah se, a natna lan chhuah dan enkawl dan leh damlo nunphung tihchangtlun dan kawng tam tak a awm.
Hei bakah hian wheelchair te, thawkna atana puitu tur CPAP machine te, tawng harsa zawkte inbiakpawhna atana puitu tur computer technology bik (eye-recognition software) te pawh a awm bawk.
Nangmah emaw, i hriat mi tu emaw chuan hetia kan sawi lan ang hi i tawng chhunzawm zel a nih chuan, hun khawhral suh la, doctor thiam tak hmu rawh . He natna hi a hmaa hriatchhuah hian a enkawl danah a pui hle a ni.
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