Kua pāngia koe e te whero, te mamae, te pōuri rānei o tō tirohanga? Kua kite pea koe i ngā ira iti, i ngā "rerenga" rānei e rere ana i tō tirohanga? Ahakoa he maha ngā wā ka warewarehia e tātou ēnei tohu ngawari, he tohu pea ēnei mō te mumura kei roto i tō kanohi. E mōhiotia ana tēnei mate ko te Uveitis, ā, he mea tēnei me tino aro atu koe ki te tiaki i tō hauora kanohi mō te wā roa. I Nirogi Lanka , e whakapono ana mātou ko te noho mōhio ko tāu taahiraa tuatahi ki te tiaki whai hua.
He aha te Uveitis? Kia māmā noa iho!
I te whakarapopototanga, ko te Uveitis he mumura, he pupuhi rānei o te uvea, te paparanga waenga o tō kanohi. Whakaarohia tō kanohi he kāmera; he wāhanga nui te uvea o taua kāmera. I ētahi wā, ka puta tēnei mumura me te kore he take mārama - he āhuatanga e kiia nei e tātou he idiopathic. I ētahi wā, he hua tika mai i tētahi āhuatanga hauora kei raro.
Ka pā pea tēnei āhuatanga ki tētahi wāhanga motuhake o te kanohi , ki ētahi atu wāhanga rānei i te wā kotahi. He maha ngā tohu e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wāhi me te kaha o te mumura, mai i te mamae o te kanohi, te whero, me te werawera ki te ngoikore nui o te tirohanga. Ka pā pea ki te kanohi kotahi, ki ngā kanohi e rua rānei i te wā kotahi.
Kia maumahara, he iti noa te wāhi i roto i tō kanohi. Ahakoa he iti noa te pupuhi ka taea te whakarerekē i te āhua o te kanohi, he mea nui tēnei mō te tirohanga mārama. Nō reira, ahakoa he iti noa ngā panoni ka pā kino ki tō kaha ki te kite mārama.
I ngā wā tino kino, ki te kore e rongoatia, ka taea e te Uveitis te arahi ki te ngaronga tirohanga tuturu, ki te matapo rānei. Kaua e waiho ēnei tohu hei riri iti noa iho.
He pēhea te noa o te Uveitis?
He nui ake te kitea o te uveitis i tō whakaaro. I te ao whānui, tata ki te 4 miriona ngā kēhi hou e kitea ana i ia tau. Ahakoa i ngā whenua pēnei i te Hononga o Amerika, kei waenganui i te 80,000 me te 168,000 ngā kēhi e pūrongohia ana i ia tau.
Ko te nuinga o te wā ka kitea tēnei mate i roto i ngā pakeke, ā, ka piki ake te mōrearea i te pakeketanga. Ahakoa he iti ake te kitea i roto i ngā tamariki, tata ki te 2% ki te 20% o ngā take katoa.
He aha ngā tohu o te Uveitis?
Ko ngā tohumate e whakawhirinaki ana ki te wāhanga o tō kanohi e mumura ana. E toru ngā momo matua o te Uveitis e whakarōpūhia ana e ngā tohunga: te mua (o mua), te waenga (o waenganui), me te muri (o muri). Ina pāngia ngā paparanga katoa, ka kiia ko te panuveitis.
Ngā Tohu o te Uveitis o mua
Ko te uveitis o mua te momo tino noa. Ka pā te nuinga ki te iris (te wāhanga tae o te kanohi) me te tinana ciliary. He maha ngā wā ka kitea ngā tohu e koe, e te hunga rānei e karapoti ana i a koe, tae atu ki:
- Mamae nui o ngā kanohi: He koi, he kaha rawa rānei.
- Whero , wera rānei ngā kanohi: He āhua riri, he toto rānei e mau tonu ana.
- Te tirohanga pōuri: He hekenga nui o te māramatanga e kitea ana.
- Te aro nui ki te mārama (photophobia): He uaua ki te aro atu ki ngā mārama kanapa.
- Te pupuhi o te conjunctiva: Tērā pea ka mumura te wāhanga mā o tō kanohi.
- Te āhua o te piupiu kāore i te ōrite: Tērā pea ka rerekē te āhua o te piupiu porowhita noa.
- Hypopyon: Te putanga mai o tētahi wai mā, he putunga mā rānei e rite ana ki te mowhiti huri noa i te āiri.
Ngā Tohu o te Uveitis Waenga me te Uveitis Muri
I roto i te uveitis waenga me te uveitis muri, he maha ngā wā kāore e kitea nuitia ana ngā tohu e ētahi atu. Engari, ka pā tika atu ki tō wheako tirohanga.
- Te pikinga ake o ngā mea e mānu ana: He iti ngā ira, ngā tukutuku rānei e mānu ana i roto i tō tirohanga, ā, ka kitea nuitia.
- Ngā hapa o te mara tirohanga:Ngā wāhi matapo, ngā wāhi ngaro rānei o tō tirohanga.
- Te whakaiti i te tirohanga .
He aha te take o te Uveitis?
He maha ngā āhuatanga ka puta ai te uveitis. He mea miharo, i roto i te 50% ki te 70% o ngā take, kāore e taea e ngā tākuta kanohi te tohu i te tino take; ka kiia tēnei he uveitis idiopathic.
Heoi, ko ngā take e mōhiotia ana ko:
- Ngā mate urutā
- Ngā āhuatanga hauora pūnaha
- Ngā whara kanohi
- ētahi rongoā
1. Ngā mate urutā
Ko ngā mate pāwera he huakita e uru ana ki te kanohi. Ko te uveitis pangia ka pā ki te kanohi kotahi. Ko ngā mate pukupuku pea ko:
- Ngā Huaketo: Te Huaketo Herpes Simplex (HSV), te Huaketo Varicella-Zoster (te take o te rewharewha me te shingles), me te Cytomegalovirus (CMV). Ahakoa ngā huaketo ka taea te ārai pērā i te rubella ka taea te waiho hei take.
- Huakita: He huakita e hono ana ki te syphilis, ki te kohi rānei.
- Harore: Candida (e hua ai te candidiasis) Aspergillus rānei (e hua ai te aspergillosis).
- Ngā pirinoa: He maha ngā wā ka horapa mā roto i ngā mōkai, pērā i te Toxoplasmosis (mai i ngā paru ngeru kua pangia) te Toxocariasis rānei (mai i ngā kurī). Mā te kai poaka kāore i tino maoa ka arahi pea ki te cysticercosis, ki te toxoplasmosis rānei.
2. Ngā take pūnaha
I ētahi wā, ehara te uveitis i te mate kanohi takitahi engari he tohu nō tētahi raruraru hauora nui ake, whānuitia mō te tinana, he pānga taha rongoā rānei. I ēnei wā, he maha ngā wā ka pāngia ngā kanohi e rua.
Ko ngā āhuatanga autoimmune me te mumura noa ko:
- Te Mate Puku Mumura ( IBD )
- Te Sarcoidosis
- Te mate a Behçet
- Lupus Erythematosus Pūnaha (SLE)
- Tubulo-interstitial nephritis (TINU)
Ko te hunga whai tohu ira motuhake e kiia nei ko te HLA-B27 ka nui ake te tūponotanga ki te whakawhanake i te mumura hononga e pā ana ki te uveitis. Mena ka pāngia koe e te mamae kanohi ohorere, nui, te ngaronga tirohanga rānei, me rapu awhina hauora tonu i tō tari urupare tata.
- Te Mate Rumati Idiopathic o te Taiohi
- Te mate pūkahukahu ankylosing
- Te Mate Rumati Psoriatic
- Te Spondyloartritis Tua
- Te mate rumatiki o roto
- Matepukupuku tauhohe
3. Ngā whara
Ka taea e te whara o te kanohi te kino i ngā uaua me/ranei ngā oko toto i roto i te uvea. Ina pāngia koe e te whara, ka whakamahia e tō tinana te mumura hei tukanga whakaora. Nā konei, ka puta te uveitis i ētahi wā whai muri i te pokanga kanohi.
Ahakoa ngā panonitanga iti o te hanganga o te kanohi, ngā urupare mumura rānei, ka taea te whakaoho i ngā tohu o te uveitis. Ka whakawhirinaki te kaha o ō tohu ki te wāhi me te āhua o te whara.
4. Ngā rongoā
Tērā pea ka piki ake te tūponotanga o te whakawhanaketanga o te uveitis i ētahi rongoā. Hei tauira:
- Cidofovir
- Rifabutin
- Ngā Bisphosphonates
- Ngā pata kanohi Brimonidine
- Ngā Ārai Tyrosine Kinase
He mate hopuhopu?
Ehara te uveitis i te mate hopuhopu; kāore e taea te hopu mai i tētahi atu tangata. Heoi, ko ngā mate huna e whakaoho ana i tēnei mate (pērā i ētahi huaketo, i ētahi huakita rānei) ka taea te horapa. Hei tāpiri, me tūpato koe ki ngā mate zoonotic—ka horapa ngā mate mai i ngā kararehe ki te tangata, pērā i te toxoplasmosis—ka arahi pea ki tēnei mate.
He aha ngā raruraru o te Uveitis?
Ko te raruraru tino kino me te nui o te uveitis ko te ngaronga o te tirohanga me te matapo. Ka puta tēnei nā te mea ka puta he huringa hanganga i roto i tō kanohi nā te mumura. Ko ētahi o ēnei raruraru pea ko:
- Ngā katarata
- Te pupuhi macular cystoid (te kohikohinga wai i roto i te macula)
- Te pakaru o te retina , te pakaru rānei o te retina
- Glaucoma (te pakaru o ngā io i puta mai i te pikinga o te pēhanga kanohi)
- Te pēhanga nui o roto o te kanohi
- Te pūkohu o te macular (te kiriuhi epiretinal)
- Te pupuhi me te pakaru o te io whatu
- Synechiae (te wāhi e piri ai te iris ki te arotahi, ki te cornea rānei)
Me pēhea te tautuhi i te Uveitis?
Ko te tākuta kanohi te tangata pai rawa atu hei tātaritanga i te uveitis. Ka pātai atu rātou ki a koe mō ō tohumate, tō hītori hauora, me ngā mate urutā, whara rānei o nāianei. Ka tirotirohia e rātou ō kanohi, ā, ka whakamahia pea he whakamātautau motuhake hei whakaū i te mate.
Ko te tikanga ka tīmata te tukanga tātaritanga me te whakamātautau koi o te tirohanga me te whakamātautau rama kutikuti. Tērā pea ka whakahaerehia e tō tākuta he tonometry hei ine i te pēhanga o tō kanohi me te matawai Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) hei rapu i ngā huringa kei muri o tō kanohi.
I runga i ō tohu me ngā take e whakapaetia ana, me whai atu pea ētahi atu whakamātautau, pēnei i:
- Ngā whakamātautau toto: Ka āwhina ēnei ki te tautuhi i ngā mate pukupuku, ngā tohu o te mahi ā-tinana, me ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora ā-tinana.
- Ngā matawai whakaahua: Tērā pea ka mahia he hihi-X o te uma, he MRI rānei o te roro hei tirotiro i ngā raruraru kei hea atu i roto i tō tinana. I ētahi wā, ka werohia he tae motuhake pērā i te fluorescein ki roto i tō toto hei whakamārama i ngā oko toto i roto i tō kanohi. Mā ēnei tauira ka hoatu he tohu nui ki tō tākuta mō te take o tō uveitis.
Nā te mea he rerekē ngā mahi tātaritanga i runga i ō tohumate me tō hītori hauora, ko tō tākuta kanohi te tangata pai rawa atu hei whakamārama i ngā whakamātautau e hiahiatia ana e koe me te take hoki.
Me pēhea te rongoā i te uveitis?
Nā te mea he maha ngā take pea mō te uveitis, he tino whaiaro ngā mahere maimoatanga. Ahakoa kāore he "rongoa" kotahi mō ngā take katoa o te uveitis, ko te maimoatanga i te mate taketake ka whakatau i te mumura. Mena kāore he take motuhake i kitea, ka arotahi tō tākuta kanohi ki te whakahaere paerewa hei whakaiti i te mumura, te whakahaere i te mamae, me te ārai i te ngaronga o te tirohanga.
Ko ngā huarahi maimoatanga e arotahi ana ki:
- Te whakahaere mamae: Nā te mea he mamae te uveitis, ka tohua pea e tō tākuta he cycloplegics — he pata rongoā hei whakangāwari i ngā uaua o te iris mō te wā poto hei whakamamae i te mamae.
- Te whakaiti i te mumura: Ko ngā steroids me ngā rongoā anti-inflammatory kore-steroidal (NSAIDs) e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei whakaiti i te mumura me te whakamamae i ngā tohu.
- Ngā maimoatanga motuhake mō te āhua o te mate: Hei tauira, ka whakamahia ngā rongoā ārai huaketo mēnā he huaketo te pūtake, engari kāore ēnei e whai hua mō ngā mate kitakita, harore, pirinoa rānei.
Ka matapakihia e tō tākuta kanohi ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga pai rawa atu e hāngai ana ki tō āhua.
Ka taea te ārai i te uveitis?
Engari, kāore e taea te ārai i te uveitis i ngā wā katoa. He maha ngā mea e whakaohooho ana i te mate ka puta ohorere mai, kāore rānei i te tino māramahia e te pūtaiao hauora. Heoi, ka taea e koe te mahi i ngā mahi hei whakaiti i tō mōrearea:
- Whakaritea he whakamātautau kanohi auau hei kite wawe i ngā raruraru (ia tau, kia auau ake rānei mēnā he mate tōu e hiahia ana kia aroturukitia).
- Mauria he pare kanohi tika hei ārai i ngā whara, hei whakaiti rānei i tōna kino.
- Me rapu awhina hauora tonu mēnā he mate tōu, kia kore ai e kino haere, e horapa rānei.
He aha ngā mea ka taea e au te tumanako mēnā he Uveitis tōku?
Ko tō haerenga me te uveitis e whakawhirinaki ana ki ētahi āhuatanga matua, tae atu ki:
- Kia pēhea te tere o te kitenga i te mate me te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga.
- Ko te wāhanga motuhake o tekanohi e pāngia ana.
- Te take matua (mēnā kua tautuhia e tō tākuta).
- Tō hauora whānui me ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora kei a koe.
Nā te mea he rerekē ēnei āhuatanga i ia tangata, i ia tangata, ko tō tākuta kanohi anake te tangata ka taea te whakarato i te matapae tika mō tō āhuatanga. Ka taea e rātou te ārahi i a koe i roto i ngā mea hei tumanakohia, me pēhea te whakahaere i tō āhuatanga, me pēhea hoki te tiaki i tō tirohanga. Mena ka pāngia koe e ngā huringa tirohanga ohorere, kino, tēnā toro atu ki tō tari urupare tata tonu.
He aha te tirohanga mō te Uveitis?
Ko te uveitis tētahi tino take o te ngaronga o te tirohanga me te matapo ture. I ngā whenua pēnei i te Hononga o Amerika, e kiia ana ko te 10% o ngā take o te matapo ture e hono ana ki te uveitis me ōna raruraru. Ko te whakaroa i te tātaritanga me te maimoatanga ka nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā hua kino. Koia te mea nui kia kaua e warewarehia ngā tohu, kia kaua hoki e ngana ki te "whakamātau" mēnā kei te whakapae koe he uveitis tōu.
Ina kitea wawetia, ā, ka rongoatia wawetia, ka tino whakaitihia te mōrearea o ngā raruraru tirohanga mō te wā roa. Mā te wawaotanga wawe ka hoatu he tūponotanga pai rawa atu ki a koe kia ora katoa, ā, ka āwhina i a koe kia karo i te ngoikore o te tirohanga tuturu.
Me pēhea taku whakahaere i tōku āhua?
Mena kua tāpaetia koe he uveitis, ka whakaratohia e tō tākuta kanohi he mahere maimoatanga whaiaro. He mea nui te whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta, nā te mea ko te piripono ki tō tikanga maimoatanga te huarahi tino whai hua hei ārai i te ngaronga o te tirohanga tuturu.
Āhea ahau me toro atu ki taku tākuta?
Ka whakaritea e tō tākuta kanohi ētahi wā tirotiro anō, he mea nui ēnei hei aroturuki i tō ahunga whakamua, hei whakahaere i ngā tohumate, me te aromatawai i te pai o te whai huatanga o tō maimoatanga.
Mā tō tākuta koe e tohutohu mō ngā tohu e hiahia ana kia toro atu ki te tari hauora tere tonu, kia whiwhi rānei i te awhina hauora ohorere. Me rapu awhina wawe tonu koe mēnā ka kite koe i tētahi o ēnei tohu whakatūpato:
- Te piki haere o te mamae o ngā kanohi.
- Te kino haere o te tirohanga, te ngaronga ohorere, te ngaronga wāhanga, te ngaronga katoa rānei o te tirohanga.
- Te kite i ngā hihi hou o te māramatanga.
- Te tīmatanga ohorere o ngā "pūngao mānumanu," mēnā rānei ka nui haere, ka kitea rānei ngā pūngao mānumanu o nāianei.
- Te pikinga ake o te aro ki te mārama (photophobia), ka mamae, ka kore rānei e pai te āhua o ngā mārama kanapa.
He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu e au ki taku tākuta?
Hei mārama ake i tō āhua, whakaarohia te pātai atu ki tō tākuta i ēnei pātai e whai ake nei:
- "He aha te momo uveitis kei a au?"
- "E mōhiotia ana te take? Mena koinā, he aha te take?"
- "He aha ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga mōku, ā, he aha tāu e tūtohu mai ana?"
- "He tūponotanga, he pānga taha rānei e pā ana ki taku maimoatanga?"
- "Tērā pea ka hoki anō tēnei āhuatanga i muri i te maimoatanga?"
- "He aha ngā mahi ka taea e au te mahi hei tiaki i taku tirohanga, hei ārai hoki i te hokinga mai o ēnei āhuatanga ā muri ake nei?"
- "He tohu raruraru motuhake anō kei reira hei tūpato māku?"
He mea maori te manukanuka ina rongo koe mō tētahi mate pēnei i te uveitis, inā koa ina rongo koe mō te mōrearea o te ngaronga o te tirohanga. Heoi, he hoa mahi koe i roto i tō manaakitanga. Ko te tautuhi wawe me te maimoatanga tere ko ō parepare pai rawa atu mō te kino tuturu. Kaua rawa e warewarehia ngā tohu - he mea tika kia tiakina tō tirohanga.
Kia kitea te mate, ko te mahi tahi me tō tākuta kanohi me te whai i ā rātou tohutohu te huarahi pai ki te whakatutuki i tētahi hua pai. Mena he pātai āu, he kore rānei e mārama ki tētahi wāhanga o tō maimoatanga, ko tō tākuta te puna matua māu. Ko te mahi tahi me rātou te huarahi tino whai hua ki te whakahaere i tō hauora me te ārai i ngā raruraru a meake nei.
He aha ngā mea tino nui e puta mai ana i tēnei?
Hei whakarāpopototanga, anei ngā kōrero matua hei maumahara māu mai i Nirogi Lanka:
- Ko te uveitis he mumura o te uvea, te paparanga waenga o te kanohi.Ka pā kino pea ki tō tirohanga mēnā kāore e tirohia.
- Kaua rawa e warewarehia ngā tohu pēnei i te whero o ngā kanohi, te mamae, te pōuri o te tirohanga, te aro ki te mārama, ngā kanohi hou rānei e mānu ana. Rapua he wā hui ki tētahi tākuta kanohi i te wā e taea ai.
- Ka rerekē ngā take, tae atu ki ngā mate pāwera, ngā mate pūnaha, ngā whara, ngā pānga taha rānei o ngā rongoā. I ētahi wā, kāore pea e mōhiotia te take tuturu.
- Ko te mea tino nui ko te kitenga wawe me te tīmata i te maimoatanga tika. He tino āwhina tēnei ki te ārai i ngā raruraru kino pēnei i te ngaronga o te tirohanga tuturu.
- Kia ū ki ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta, tangohia ō rongoā kua tohua, ā, kaua rawa e mahue ngā haerenga whai muri.
- Ahakoa kāore e taea te ārai i ngā wā katoa, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i ō mōrearea mā te whakarite i ngā whakamātautau kanohi auau, te mau i ngā karu tiaki i ngā wā e mahi ana koe i ngā mahi mōrearea nui, me te rongoā wawe i ngā mate urutā.
Kia maumahara, he mea utu nui ō kanohi—he kawenga te tiaki i a rātou e tīmata ana i a koe.
