He pēhitanga tō uma i ētahi wā, pērā i te tihe? He uaua rānei ki te manawa ina whakapau kaha koe? I ētahi wā ka puta ēnei i ngā raruraru o ngā takirere o te ngākau, e mahi ana pērā i ngā kēti. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi mate e pā ana ki te Takirere Aorta, tētahi o ngā "kēti" tino nui o te ngākau. Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te `(Mate Takirere Aorta)`.
He aha rawa tēnei '(Mate Takirere Aorta)'?
I te whakarapopototanga, ka taea e te takirere aorta te rere o te toto mai i te ruma papu matua o tō ngākau (te ventricle maui) ki te oko toto nui rawa atu (te aorta) e kawe ana i te toto ki te toenga o tō tinana. He rite tana mahi ki te tatau matua o te whare. Whakaarohia, me whakatuwhera me te kati tēnei tatau i te wā tika.
- Ina tuwhera: I ia wā e pā ana te ngākau , me tuwhera katoa tēnei takirere, kia rere ai te toto katoa i te ngākau, ki roto i te aorta. Ko reira anake ka tukuna e taua toto te hāora me ngā matūkai ki te tinana katoa.
- Ina kati: Kia puta te toto ki waho, me kati pūmau tēnei takirere, kia kore ai e hoki te toto ki roto i te ngākau.
Ki te kore tētahi, e rua rānei o ēnei mea e mahi tika ana, ko te tikanga kei te kōrero tātou mō tētahi āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te `(Aortic Valve Disease)`.
E rua ngā momo matua o tēnei, tika?
Āe, e rua ngā momo matua o te `(Aortic Valve Disease)`. 1.
`(Aortic Stenosis)` - Te whaiti o te takirere: Koinei te wā ka whaiti te tatau o te ngākau, arā, te takirere aorta, ā, kāore e taea te whakatuwhera tika. Whakaarohia he iti noa te tuwhera o te tatau. Kātahi ka kore e nui te wāhi mō te toto e rere mai i te ngākau. Me kaha te mahi a te ngākau ki te pana i te toto mā roto i tēnei tatau whaiti. 2.
`(Aortic Regurgitation)` - Te turuturu o te takirere: Koinei te wā kāore te tatau e kati tika. Ki te kore te tatau e kati tika, ka turuturu ētahi o te toto kua puta mai ki roto i te ngākau. Pērā i te kore e taea te kati tika i te puna wai, ka turuturu te wai.
Ko te mea nui, ahakoa kei a koe tētahi, e rua rānei o ēnei āhuatanga, kāore pea koe e mōhio mō tētahi wā. Nā te mea ka puta noa ngā tohu i muri i te whanaketanga paku o te mate. Nō reira he mea nui kia mōhio koe ki tēnei.
Ko wai te mea ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia e tēnei mate?
Ahakoa ka taea e te tangata te pāngia e tēnei āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te "Aortic Valve Disease," he nui ake te mōrearea o ētahi tāngata. Ko rātou ēnei:
- Ngā tāngata neke atu i te 60 tau te pakeke: I a koe e pakeke haere ana, ka puta pea ngā huringa ki ngā takirere.
- Ko te hunga i whānau mai me te rerekētanga iti o ngā takirere o te ngākau: Hei tauira, he āhuatanga e kiia nei ko te " Bicuspid Aortic Valve ". I te nuinga o te wā, e toru ngā rau o te takirere aortic. Engari e rua ngā rau o ēnei tāngata.
- Ā-rotoNgā tāngata whai mate manawa (`(Mate Ngākau Kōhungahunga)`).
- Ngā tāngata kua whiwhi i te rongoā irahiko ki te uma: Ka hoatu te rongoā irahiko ki te uma mō ētahi momo mate pukupuku (hei tauira, te Hodgkin Lymphoma). Ka pā pea tēnei ki ngā takirere i roto i te wā.
- Te hunga whai mate manawa rūmātiki: Ka taea e te kirika rūmātiki, e tīmata ana hei mate korokoro, te kino i ngā takirere manawa.
I ngā whenua pēnei i a Amerika me Ūropi, koinei te mate takirere ngākau tino noa, tino morearea hoki. E kiia ana ko te 6 i roto i te 10 ngā mate nā ngā mate takirere ngākau i ahu mai i tēnei. Ko te tikanga, ki te tāpirihia ngā mate takirere katoa (mitral, pulmonary, tricuspid) ka nui ake te maha o ngā mate.
He aha ngā tohu o tēnei?
E ai ki tā mātou i kōrero ai i mua ake nei,
kāore pea he tohu i ngā wāhanga tōmua. Heoi, i te whanaketanga haere o te mate, ka tīmata pea koe ki te pāngia e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i:
- Te mamae o te uma, te kikī rānei: Tērā pea ka rite ki te mea kei te pēhia tō uma e tetahi.
- Te Syncope: Te ngaronga ohorere o te māramatanga.
- Te tere o te manawa: Tērā pea ka rongo koe i te tere o te pao o tō manawa, ka rongo rānei koe i te tangi "pao" i roto i tō uma.
- Te uaua ki te manawa: Te uaua ki te manawa , ina koa i te wā e mahi ana i tetahi mea, e whakakorikori tinana ana, e takoto ana, e moe ana rānei i te pō.
- Edema (te pupuhi o ngā waewae me ngā pona): Te pupuhi o ngā waewae o raro.
He aha tēnei e tupu ai? He aha ngā take?
He maha ngā take e puta ai tēnei '(Mate Takirere Aorta)'.
- Ka memeha haere te takirere i te tawhitotanga: Koinei te take matua. Pērā i ngā wāhanga o te mīhini ka memeha haere i te whakamahinga.
- Mate Manawa Rūmātiki: E ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, ka pakaru ngā takirere i te kirika rūmātiki.
- Mate ngakau whānau: Hei tauira, he takirere aorta bicuspid tō te hononga o te manawa.
- Te toto toto tiketike : Ka pāngia hoki ngā takirere e te toto toto tiketike mō tētahi wā roa.
- Ngā mate urutā o te takirere o te ngākau (endocarditis): Te kino o ngā takirere nā te mate huakita.
- Ngā whara o te uma me ngā aituā.
- Te Aneurysm Aorta o te Uma: Te pupuhi o te aorta.
- Te Wehenga o te Aorta: He pakaru i te pakitara o te aorta.
- Maimoatanga irahiko ki te uma (mō ngā mate pēnei i te mate pukupuku).
He aha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea?
He nui ake te tūponotanga o te whakawhanaketanga o tēnei mate mena ka whai i ēnei āhuatanga:
- Mena kua neke atu i te 60 tau tō pakeke.
- Mena kei te matotoru, kei te putunga konupūmā hoki i roto i te takirere (Aortic Valve Sclerosis) (i tēnei wā, kāore anō kia whaiti te takirere, engari he tohu tōmua pea tēnei o te mate).
- Mena he hapa whānau tōu i te takirere, inā koa he `(Bicuspid Aortic Valve)`.
- Mena kua pāngia koe e te kirika rūmātika i mua.
- Mena kua pāngia koe e ngā mate urutā o te takirere ngākau (endocarditis).
- Mena kei a koe ētahi mate hauora (hei tauira, te Marfan Syndrome, te Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, te Lupus).
He wāhanga kei reira o tēnei mate?
Āe, ka āta haere te whanaketanga o tēnei mate. E whā ngā wāhanga e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta hei whakaahua i tōna kaha:
- Wāhanga A (Kei te Mōrearea / Wāhanga A): Kei te pai te mahi a tō takirere aorta i tēnei wā, engari kotahi pea te iti rawa o ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō te whanaketanga o te mate.
- Wāhanga B (Whakamua): He mate ngāwari ki te whakaōrite tēnei o te takirere aorta. He iti noa ngā huringa o te mahi a te takirere, engari kāore anō kia kitea he tohu.
- Wāhanga C (Kāore he Tohu Tino Kino / Wāhanga C): He momo kino tēnei o te Mate Takirere Aorta. Tērā pea kāore koe e kite i ngā tohu i a koe e mahi ana i ō mahi noa. Heoi, tērā pea ka kite koe i ngā tohu i te wā e whakamātautauhia ana te ahotea o te whakakori tinana.
- C1: Ka taea tonu e te ngākau te papu i te toto e ranea ana ki te tinana.
- C2: Kāore e taea e te ngākau te pupuhi i taua nui o te toto (ko te Wāhanga Whakaputa o te Ventricular Mauī - `(Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction)` he iti iho i te 50%).
- Wāhanga D (Ngā Tohumate Tino Kino): He mate kino tō mate takirere aorta e puta ai ngā tohumate i roto i tō oranga o ia rā. I te tīmatanga, ka puta pea ngā tohumate i te wā e whakakorikori tinana ana, engari i muri mai, ka puta pea ngā tohumate ahakoa kāore koe e whakakorikori tinana ana.
He aha ngā raruraru ka pā mai i tēnei?
He mate kino tēnei, ā, ki te kore e rongoatia tika, ka arahi pea ki ngā raruraru kino.
Ko te raruraru tino noa, tino morearea hoki ko te ngoikore o te ngākau . Ko te tikanga tēnei kāore e taea e tō ngākau te pupuhi i te toto ki tō tinana. Ka arahi pea tēnei ki te ngaronga o te mahi puta noa i tō tinana. Ko ētahi atu raruraru ko:
- Te pā o te manawa kāore i te tika (`(Arrhythmia)`).
- Te whakaekenga o te ngākau.
- Te Hopu Manawa Ohorere (`(Te Hopu Manawa Ohorere)`).
- Whiu (`(Whiu)`).
Me pēhea e mōhio ai koe ki tēnei? He aha ngā whakamātautau e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta?
Mā te tirotiro i a koe me te whakahaere i ētahi atu whakamātautau motuhake ka tātaritatia tēnei mate e ngā tākuta. I te wā o te tirotiro, ka mahia e te tākuta ēnei e whai ake nei:
- Ka pātai atu rātou mō ō āhuatanga hauora, pēnei i te mea he mate manawa tō tētahi o tō whānau.
- Kei te tirotirohia ō tohu ora (te toto toto, te tere o te manawa, me ētahi atu).
- Ka whakarongohia te ngākau ki te stethoscope (`(Auscultation)`). Mēnā ka rongo koe i tētahi tangi ngākau rerekē (e kiia nei ko te `(Murmur)`), he tohu pea tēnei nō te `(Aortic Valve Disease)`.
- Ka mahia he ECG (electrocardiogram). Mā tēnei ka tirohia te ngohe hiko o te ngākau.
Hei tāpiritanga,
ko te `(Echocardiogram)` (Echocardiogram) te whakamātautau matua me te whakamātautau pai rawa atu hei tautuhi i te `(Aortic Valve Disease)`. Ka whakamahia e tēnei he ngaru oro auau teitei (`(Ultrasound)`) hei tango pikitia ora o te ngākau me ngā takirere. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaatu i ngā mea katoa mai i te mea kei te tuwhera me te kati tika te takirere tae atu ki te mea kei te rere whakamuri te toto. Ko ētahi atu whakamātautau ka taea e koe:
- Te Whakatōnga Kātene o te Ngākau (`(Te Whakatōnga Kātene o te Ngākau)`).
- He matawai CT o te ngākau.
- He hihi-X o te uma.
- He angiogram coronary (`(Angiogram Coronary)`).
- Whakamātautau Taumahatanga Whakakorikori Tinana (`(Whakamātautau Taumahatanga Whakakorikori Tinana)`).
- He MRI o te ngākau.
He aha te maimoatanga?
Ka whakawhirinaki te maimoatanga ki ētahi āhuatanga, tae atu ki te momo Mate Takirere Aorta kei a koe (stenosis, regurgitation, e rua rānei),
te nui o tōna whanaketanga (wāhanga), me te kaha o ō tohu. Ka arotakehia e tō tākuta tō āhua, ā, ka tūtohu i te mahere maimoatanga pai rawa atu māu. Ko ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga pea ko:
- Ngā Rongoā: Kāore e taea e ngā rongoā te whakaora katoa i tō raruraru takirere. Engari ka taea e rātou te āwhina ki te whakahaere i ngā tohu, te whakaiti i te taumahatanga ki tō ngākau, me te whakaiti i te mōrearea o ngā raruraru. Ka tohua pea e te tākuta he rongoā hei ārai i te ngakau pākiki, hei whakaheke i te toto toto, hei whakahaere i te cholesterol, hei rongoā rānei i te ngoikore o te ngākau.
- Valvuloplasty: He tikanga iti tēnei kāore e hiahiatia he tapahi nui. Ka whakauruhia he ngongo iti mā roto i tō waewae, i tō ringa rānei, ā, ka whakamahia he poihau i te pito hei whakawhanui i tō takirere aorta kua whaiti. Mena he uaua te aorta kei a koe, ka taea e tēnei te whakapai ake i te rere o te toto mā roto i te takirere. Heoi, he otinga rangitahi tēnei i te nuinga o te wā.
- Pokanga Takirere Manawa: I roto i tēnei tikanga, ka whakatikahia e te taote tō takirere aorta, ka whakakapia rānei ki tētahi mea hou. Ko te takirere hou he takirere kiko, he takirere manawa miihini rānei i hangaia ki tētahi mea rite ki te mea whakarewa. I ētahi wā, ka mahi tahi ngā tākuta i te pokanga takirere me te tāmitanga arai ngākau (CABG) me ētahi atu pokanga manawa.
- Te Whakakapinga Takirere Aorta Whakawhiti-kātere (TAVR): He huarahi hou, he iti noa te whakaekenga a TAVR, hei whakakapi i te pokanga ngākau tuwhera tuku iho. Engari i te tapahi nui i te uma, ka whakauruhia he ngongo iti mā roto i te uaua toto i te waewae hei whakauru i tētahi takirere aorta hou ki roto i te ngākau, ā, ka whakakīia te takirere tawhito ki roto.
- Tikanga Ross: He tikanga tēnei e hiahiatia ana he takirere aorta hou, inā koa mō te hunga kei raro iho i te 60 tau te pakeke. Ka whakakapia e te taote tō takirere aorta ki tō ake takirere pūkahukahu (te takirere e kawe ana i te toto mai i te ngākau ki ngā pūkahukahu), kātahi ka whakakapia te takirere pūkahukahu kua tangohia ki tētahi takirere pūkahukahu kaituku. He tikanga uaua ake tēnei.
He huarahi hei karo i tēnei?
Ehara i te mea ngāwari te ārai i te mate takirere aorta. He maha ngā wā ka puta mai i te koroheketanga, te mate ngakau whānau, ngā mate hauora roa rānei e uaua ana ki te whakahaere. Heoi, ka taea e koe te mahi i ēnei e whai ake nei hei whakaiti i tō mōrearea me te pupuri i te hauora o ō takirere ngakau:
- Āta karohia ngā hua tupeka me ngā tarukino whakangahau. He tino kino ēnei mō te ngākau.
- Whakakorikori tinana mō te 30 meneti pea i te nuinga o ngā rā o te wiki. Ahakoa he mea ngāwari pēnei i te hikoi, te eke paihikara rānei, he pai tonu.
- Ina pāngia koe e te mate, inā koa mēnā he mate huakita tōu pērā i te mate korokoro strep, me toro atu ki te tākuta tonu. Ki te kore e rongoatia, ka huri pea ēnei hei kirika rūmātiki, ka kino hoki ngā takirere o te ngākau.
- Tangohia ngā rongoā kua tohua e tō tākuta (hei tauira, ngā rongoā mō te toto toto tiketike, te cholesterol rānei) i te tika me te wā tika.
- Ki te pāngia koe e te mate takirere, me toro atu ki tō tākuta i ia wā mō ngā tirotiro hauora kia tere ai te rongoā. Ko te wawe o te kitenga, ko te angitu ake o te rongoā.
He aha ngā mea me mōhio koe ina noho tahi koe me tēnei mate?
Kia kitea tō mate i te mate takirere aortic, he maha ngā mea e pā ana ki a koe. Kei roto i ēnei ko te wā i kitea ai tō mate,
te kaha o te mate, me tō hauora whānui. He mea nui kia kōrero noa koe ki tō tākuta mō tō heke mai. Ka taea e rātou te hoatu ki a koe he whakaaro mārama mō te āhua o tō urupare ki te maimoatanga me ngā mea hei tumanako atu. Ka hoatu e tō tākuta he tohutohu mō ngā huringa āhua noho me te āhua o tō tiaki i a koe anō i ia rā. Me whai i ēnei tohutohu me te āta, me pātai atu ki a koe i ngā pātai katoa. Ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i ngā mea pēnei i:
- Whakamahia he kai hauora mō te ngākau (pērā i te Kai Mediterranean): Kai atu i ngā huawhenua, ngā hua rākau, ngā pīni, ngā ika, me ngā kai whai muka. Whakaitihia te tote, te huka, me te hinu.
- Te Whakakorikori Tinana: Heoi, i runga i te kaha o tō Mate Takirere Aorta, tera pea he herenga whakakorikori tinana kei a koe. He mea nui kia pātai atu koe ki tō tākuta mō ngā mea e tika ana kia mahia e koe, me ngā mea kāore e tika kia mahia e koe.
- Kati rawa te momi hikareti, te whakamahi rānei i ētahi atu hua tupeka.
- Hei ārai i ngā mate urutā o te takirere ngākau (endocarditis), he mea nui kia tiakina pai ō niho me ō kapia: He mea nui te parai i ō niho i ia rā, me te toro atu ki te tākuta niho i ia wā.
Āhea ahau me kite i te tākuta?
Mā tō tākuta koe e kī atu ki te auau o tō haerenga ki te tākuta.
He mea nui kia tutuki i a koe ō whakaritenga katoa. Ka whakahaerehia e tō tākuta ngā whakamātautau auau, pērā i te echocardiogram, hei aroturuki i te mahi a tō ngākau me te takirere. Ka taea e ēnei whakamātautau te āwhina
i tō tākuta ki te tūtohu i te maimoatanga tika me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ngā raruraru ā muri ake nei.
Waea atu ki tō tākuta tonu mēnā:- Ki te kino haere ō tohumate (pēnei i te mamae o te uma, te poto o te manawa).
- Mena ka puta he tohu hou.
- Mena he pānga taha tōu i tō rongoā.
Āhea koe me haere ki te rūma whawhati tata?
Ki te pā mai tēnei ki a koe
, haere tonu ki te rūma ohorere o te hōhipera tata, waea atu rānei ki te 1990:- Kāore he aha mēnā ka hemo koe, ka ngaro rānei tō māramatanga.
- Ki te hinga koe i a koe e tango ana i ngā rongoā whakaiti toto (hei tauira, Warfarin, Aspirin). Ka whakanui ake ēnei rongoā i te mōrearea o te toto o roto mēnā ka hinga koe, ka whara rānei.
- Mena kei te kitea ngā tohu o te mate i roto i tō patunga (whero, pupuhi, kirika, pupuhi kakara kino) i muri i te pokanga, i tētahi tikanga rānei.
- Mena kei a koe ngā tohu o te whakaeke ngakau ("(Ngā Tohu o te Whakaeke Manawa)`): mamae nui o te uma, uaua ki te manawa, mamae e horapa ana ki te ringa maui, ki te kaki, ki te kauae, te werawera, te whakapairuaki, te ruaki.
- Ki te pā whakarere mai he uauatanga nui ki te manawa.
- Ko ngā tohu o te whiu ko: te ngoikore, te kore rānei o te tinana i te taha kotahi, te kōrero pōturi, te piko o te taha kotahi o te mata, te panoni ohorere o te tirohanga, me te ānini nui.
He mea whakamataku, he mea taumaha hoki te kitenga kei a koe te Mate Takirere o te Aorta. He mea noa tēnā. Engari ko te rongo pai, mā ngā maimoatanga matatau o ēnei rā, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i ō tohu, te whakaiti i tō tupono ki ngā raruraru, me te noho ora, ora hoki. Mena kei te manukanuka koe, kei te āwangawanga rānei mō te heke mai, mā te kōrero ki ētahi atu tāngata he mate takirere ngākau, me te whakauru atu ki ngā rōpū tautoko ka āwhina. Pātai atu ki tō tākuta mō tēnei.
Nā, he aha ngā mea tino nui hei ako mā tātou i tēnei pūrākau?
Ko te Mate Takirere Aorta he mate e pā ana ki tētahi takirere tino nui o te ngākau, ā, ka tino kino. Engari
kaua e wareware mēnā ka kitea wawetia, ka whai i ngā tohutohu hauora tika, ā, ka rongoatia tika, ka taea te whakahaere pai. Mēnā he tohu kei a koe, inā koa te mamae o te uma, te poto o te manawa, te ngenge, te hemo rānei, kaua e warewarehia me te whakaaro he "mea kē noa iho."
Tirohia he tākuta tonu, ka tiki tohutohu. Kia mahara, ko te tiaki i tō ngākau te āwhina nui rawa atu ka taea e koe māu ake! Ko te ngākau hauora he oranga hauora.
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