Kia mahara koe i tō haerenga ki te tākuta, ā, i whakatakotoria te stethoscope makariri ki tō uma me tō tuara, ā, i whakarongo pai koe? Kua pā tēnei wheako ki a tātou katoa. Kāore koe i whakaaro, "He aha te mea e rangona ana e te tākuta mai i tēnei?" Ko te whakautu ki tēnā pātai ko te whakamātautau hauora e kōrerohia ana e tātou i tēnei rā, ko te 'Auscultation'. Kaua e manukanuka, he tino māmā, kāore he mamae, engari he mea nui e whakaatu ana i te nui o tō hauora.
He aha te whakarongo ngāwari?
He tino māmā te tikanga whakarongo (e whakahuatia ana: "o-skul-ta-tion"). Ko te whakamahi i tētahi stethoscope hei whakarongo ki ngā oro e puta mai ana i ō whekau o roto, pērā i tō ngākau, ō pukahukahu, ō uaua toto, me ō whekau . Ka whakatakotoria e te tākuta te stethoscope ki tō uma, ki tō kaki, ki tō tuara, me tō puku, ā, ka tirohia ngā mea pēnei i te āhua, te tere, te nui, me te manawataki o ēnei oro.
He whakamātautau tino haumaru tēnei, kāore he kino. Ko tētahi hoki o ngā whakamātautau tawhito rawa atu, tino taketake hoki e whakamahia tonutia ana e ngā tākuta i ēnei rā.
Āhea ka whakahaerehia he whakamātautau whakarongo?
Ina tirohia tō tinana i ia wā, tera pea ka whakahaerehia tēnei whakamātautau e tō tākuta. Mā tēnei ka kitea he whakaaro whānui mō te mahi a tō pūnaha tohanga toto , te pūnaha manawa , me te pūnaha puku .
Ko te tikanga o tēnei, he tino āwhina tēnei whakamātautau māmā hei mārama ki tō āhua hauora whānui, hei whakaū, hei whakakore rānei i tētahi mate hauora e whakapaetia ana.
He aha ngā tikanga matua mō te whakarongo?
Ka taea te wehewehe i tēnei whakamātautau kia maha ngā wāhanga, i runga i te okana e whakarongohia ana e te tākuta. Kia kite tātou he aha ēnei.
| Te okana tirotiro | Me pēhea te mahi me te aha hei tirotiro |
|---|---|
| Ngākau | Ka noho koe, ka takoto rānei ki te koki 45-tohu, ā, ka whakatakotoria te stethoscope ki ngā wāhi rerekē o tō uma. I konei, ka whakarongo te tākuta ki ngā wāhi e rima e tino mārama ana te rangona o ngā takirere o te ngākau. Ka tirohia e rātou te wā o tō pao o te ngākau., te mārama o te oro (Te Kaha) , te teitei me te iti o te oro (Auautanga/Te Pitch) , me te roa o te pao kotahi (Te Roanga). |
| Ngā pūkahukahu | Ka tonoa koe kia noho tika, ka manawa hōhonu mā roto i tō waha. Kātahi ka whakanohoia te stethoscope ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o tō uma me tō tuara hei whakataurite i ngā oro e puta mai ana i ō pukahukahu i ngā taha e rua. Mā tēnei ka tirohia te roa o tō manawa me tō manawa whakawātea, te kounga o te oro, me ngā oro rerekē pērā i te whiowhio. |
| Ngā uaua toto (Arteria) | Ka taea hoki te whakarongo ki ngā uaua toto nui o te kaki, te puku, me ngā whatukuhu. I konei, ka tirohia he tangi rerekē e kiia nei ko te bruit (he tangi 'haruru' rerekē e puta ana ina rere te toto i roto i te uaua toto) me te tere o te pā o te manawa (kaha) . Ka taea e ēnei te āwhina ki te kite i ngā ārai i te rere o te toto. |
| Puku | Ka meinga koe kia takoto, ā, ka whakatakotoria te stethoscope ki runga i ngā wāhi rerekē o tō puku hei whakarongo ki ngā oro e puta mai ana i ō whekau. Mā tēnei ka tirohia mēnā ka taea e koe te rongo i ngā oro mai i ō whekau (Te Nohoanga) , te auau o tō rongonga i aua oro (Te Rahinga) , me te kounga o ngā oro. |
He aha te tikanga o ēnei oro?
Nā, kia kite tātou he aha te kōrero a ēnei oro noa, me ngā oro rerekē mō tō hauora.
Ngā Oro o te Ngākau
I te nuinga o te wā, ka puta mai i te ngākau hauora ngā oro manawataki e rua e kiia nei ko te "lub-dub". Ka kiia hoki ēnei ko te S1 me te S2. Ka puta mai ēnei oro ina kati ngā takirere ngākau.
Engari i ētahi wā ka rongo pea koe i ngā oro rerekē, rerekē. Engari kia maumahara, ehara i te mea ko ngā oro rerekē katoa he tohu o tētahi mate kino.
| Haruru rerekē | He aha te tikanga o tēnei |
|---|---|
| Ngā ngunguru o te ngākau | He tangi "whiuwhiu" tēnei, he rite ki te hau. Tērā pea ka puta mai i te raruraru o te rere o te toto i roto i ngā takirere o te ngākau. Ahakoa he kore kino ētahi ngunguru, ko ētahi he tohu pea nō te mate ngākau kino. |
| Te mirimiri o te waku o te ngakau | He tangi ngoikore, he haruru, me te mea e mirimiri ana ngā wahi kiri e rua. Tērā pea ka puta tēnei i te mumura o te pēke e karapoti ana i te ngākau (pericarditis). |
| Ngā pā o te ngakau rerekē | Ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te auau o te manawa o te ngākau kāore i te ōrite (atrial fibrillation), te tere rawa (tachycardia - neke atu i te 100 ngā pao ia meneti), te puhoi rawa rānei (bradycardia - iti iho i te 60 ngā pao ia meneti). |
Ngā Oro o te Pūkahukahu
Ka puta he oro ngawari, he koretake hoki i roto i ngā pukahukahu hauora ina manawa koe. Heoi, i ētahi wā ka rangona he oro rerekē.
| Haruru rerekē | He aha te tikanga o tēnei |
|---|---|
| Wheeze | He rite ki te tangi whiowhio iti. Ka puta tēnei tangi ina whakawhāitihia ngā ara manawa e te mea pērā i te hūpē. He mea noa te rongo i roto i ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate huango, te COPD rānei. |
| Rōnihi | He tangi pākū, he tangi ngongoro. Tērā pea nā te hūpē, ētahi atu matū rānei e piri ana ki ngā ara manawa. He tohu pea tēnei mō tētahi mate pēnei i te niumōnia. |
| Ngā pakū | He tangi "chit chit", he rite ki ngā whenu makawe e rua e mirimiri ana tetahi ki tetahi. Ko te take o tēnei tangi he wai e kohia ana i roto i ngā pukahukahu (pneumonia, ngoikore o te ngākau). |
| Stridor | He tangi wheezing teitei e puta ana i te wā e manawa ana. Nā te aukati i te korokoro, i te ara manawa rānei o runga i puta ai. He āhuatanga ohorere pea tēnei. |
Ngā Oro o te Puku
I te nuinga o te wā, ka puta he tangi ngawari, he "pupuhi" i roto i ngā whekau i ia 5-10 hēkona. Ko te tikanga tēnei kei te pai te mahi a te pūnaha nakunaku.
- Kāore he oro: Ki te kore he oro e rangona mō te neke atu i te rua meneti, he tohu pea tēnei nō te āhua e kiia nei ko te ileus.
- Te iti o te oro: Mena he iti te auau o ngā oro, he tino ngawari rānei te oro, tera pea he mate pēnei i te mate kōroke.
- Te nui haere o te haruru: Ki te nui ake ngā haruru ka rangona e koe i te nuinga o te wā, he tohu pea tēnei nō tētahi mate pēnei i te mate korere.
- Te ngunguru, te tangi nui rānei: Ki te rongo koe i ngā tangi ngunguru rerekē, i ngā tangi iti rānei e puta mai ana i ō whekau, he tohu pea tēnei kei te aukatihia te puku.
He wāhi motuhake kei reira e whakarongo ai ngā tākuta?
Āe, he pono kei reira.
He wāhi motuhake kei runga i tō tuara o runga, i waenganui i ō pakihiwi, e kiia nei ko te "tapatoru whakarongo." He angiangi te paparanga uaua o tēnei wāhi, nō reira ka tino mārama te rangona o ngā oro mai i ngā pukahukahu.
Waihoki, ina whakarongo koe ki te ngākau, e rima ngā wāhi motuhake o te uma e tino rangona ai ngā tangi o ngā takirere ngākau. Ka tino whakanohoia e te tākuta te stethoscope ki ēnei wāhi, ā, ka tirotirohia.
Kāore koe e mōhio, kei te whakaputa tonu tō tinana i ngā oro rerekē. He rite ki tētahi rōpū waiata. Ko te whakarongo ki ngā oro he wā mā te tākuta ki te pātai mēnā kei te takarohia ētahi o ngā taonga puoro o tēnei rōpū i te kī hē.
Nō reira, i te wā e whai ake nei ka whakarongo mai tō tākuta ki tana stethoscope, kaua e wehi. He maha ngā kōrero whai hua ka kitea e koe mō tō hauora. Ki te rongo koe i tētahi mea rerekē, kaua e mangere ki te pātai atu ki tō tākuta.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko te whakarongo ki ngā oro e puta mai ana i tō ngākau, i ō pukahukahu, me ō whekau mā te whakamahi i tētahi stethoscope. He whakamātautau tino māmā, haumaru, ā, kāore he mamae tēnei.
- He whakamātautau taketake tēnei e tino mahia ana i te wā o te whakamātautau hauora o ia rā.
- Ahakoa ka taea e ēnei oro rerekē te whakarato tohu mō ngā momo āhuatanga hauora, ehara i te mea ko ia oro rerekē he tohu mō tētahi mate kino.
- He taputapu kotahi noa iho tēnei e whakamahia ana e te tākuta. Mēnā he ruarua, ka whakahaerehia e rātou ētahi atu whakamātautau hei whakatau tika i te mate.
- Kaua e wehi ki te pātai mō ngā mea i rangona e tō tākuta me tōna tikanga. He tika ki a koe te mōhio ki ngā āhuatanga o tō hauora.
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