Kua whakaaro koe me pēhea te urunga o te hau ki roto i ō pūkahukahu ina manawa koe? Ka manawa tātou ki roto, ki waho hoki, me te kore e māharahara. Engari kei muri i tēnei tukanga, he pūnaha whakamiharo kei roto i tō tātou tinana. He wāhanga tino nui o tēnei pūnaha, engari kāore e tino kōrerohia ana, ko ngā pūkahukahu. Pērā i ngā rori i roto i te motuka, koinei ngā ara matua e kawe ana i te hau ki ō pūkahukahu. Nō reira, i tēnei rā, me kōrero tātou mō ēnei pūkahukahu, he aha rātou, he aha ā rātou mahi, me pēhea hoki te pupuri i a rātou kia ora.
Nā, he aha ēnei pūkahukahu?
He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko ngā pūhā he pūnaha ngongo nui e kawe ana i te hau ki ō tātou pūkahukahu . Kei te mahara koe kei roto i tō tātou kaki te ngongo manawa matua, e kiia nei ko te trachea. He rite ki te take o te rākau. Ka tomo tēnei trachea ki te uma ka wehea kia rua ngā peka matua. Ka haere tētahi ki te pūkahukahu matau, ā, ka haere tētahi ki te pūkahukahu maui. Ko aua peka matua e rua e kiia nei ko ngā pūhā matua .
Kātahi ka wehea ēnei pūhā matua, pērā i ngā manga o te rākau, hei ngongo iti haere i roto i ngā pūkahukahu. He wāhanga tino nui tēnei pūnaha katoa o tō tātou pūnaha manawa. Ki te kore tēnei pūnaha, kāore e taea e te hau e manawahia ana e tātou te tae atu ki ngā pēke hau (alveoli) i roto i ngā pūkahukahu.
He aha te mahi tuturu a te pūhā?
Ko te mahi matua, ko te mahi nui rawa atu hoki o ngā pūkahukahu ko te kawe mai i te hau ki roto i ngā pūkahukahu, me te kawe atu i te hau ki waho i ngā pūkahukahu. Engari ehara i te mea koinā anake, kei reira anō ētahi atu mea tino nui e tupu ana i taua wā.
1. Te Huarahi o te Hau: Ina manawa tātou, ka tomo te hau mā te ihu, mā te waha rānei, ka heke ki te trachea, mā roto i ngā bronchi, kātahi mā roto i ngā ngongo iti ake (ngā bronchioles) ā, ka mutu ki roto i ngā alveoli. Koinei te wāhi e mimitihia ai te hāora o te hau ki roto i te toto.
2. Te pure me te whakamakuku i te hau: Kua kapi te roto o ō tātou ngongo pūkahukahu i te paparanga hūpē . Mā tēnei ka homai te makuku e tika ana ki te hau e manawahia ana e tātou. Waihoki, ka piri ngā iroriki pērā i ngā matūriki puehu, ngā huaketo, me ngā huakita e haere tahi mai ana me te hau ki tēnei paparanga hūpē.
3. Te Kaitiaki: Me pēhea te puta atu o ēnei iroriki me te puehu kapi i te hūpē? He huarahi whakamiharo anō hoki hei mahi i tēnā. Kei roto i ngā ngongo pūkahukahu he miriona ngā hanganga iti rite ki te huruhuru e kiia nei ko ngā cilia . Pērā i ngā puruma e horoi ana i ngā tiriti, ka neke tonu ēnei cilia ki runga, ka panaia te paru e piri ana i roto i te hūpē ki te korokoro. Kātahi , ina maremare, ina tihe rānei tātou, ka makahia ēnei mea kāore e hiahiatia ana ki waho o te tinana. Whakaarohia mēnā kāore tēnei pūnaha i reira, ka uru katoa te puehu me ngā iroriki i roto i ia manawa e manawahia ana e tātou ki roto i ngā pukahukahu, ā, ka puta ngā momo mate katoa!
Ka whakamahia anō tēnei ara ina whakapūha tātou. Ka uru te hau waro hauhā kore e hiahiatia ana i roto i te toto ki roto i ngā pēke hau, mai i reira ka piki ake mā roto i ngā pūkahukahu, kātahi ka whakapūha.
He aha ngā mate e pāngia ai te pūkahukahu?
Ka pāngia tō tātou pūnaha manawa e ngā mate maha. Koinei te wā e pāngia ai tātou e ngā uauatanga manawa me te maremare. Me titiro poto tātou ki ētahi o ngā mate matua i te ripanga i raro nei.
| Āhua | Hei whakarāpopototanga... |
|---|---|
| Mate huango | Ka pupuhi, ka whaiti hoki ngā ngongo pūkahukahu i te mumura roa o ngā pūkahukahu, ā, ka uaua ki te manawa. |
| Bronchitis | Te pupuhi o ngā ngongo pūkahukahu nā te mate. Ka pā mai pea tēnei mō te wā poto (me te makariri, te rewharewha rānei) me te wā roa rānei (he mea noa i waenga i ngā kaipaipa). |
| Te mate pūkahukahu | He āhuatanga e pakaru ai ngā ngongo pūkahukahu, e whānui haere tonu ai, e hanga ana i ngā pēke e kohi ana i te hūpē. |
| COPD (Mate Pūkahukahu Ārai Mau) | He rōpū mate e whakararuraru ana i te nekehanga o te hau i roto i ngā pukahukahu. Kei roto i tēnei rōpū te mate pūkahukahu mau tonu. |
| Te Pūmua Pūmua | He mate ira e kitea ana i te whānautanga. Ka tino matotoru, ka piri hoki ngā waikeri o te tinana, inā koa ko te hūpē, ka ārai i ngā ngongo pūkahukahu. |
Me pēhea te mohio ki te raruraru o te bronchi?
Mena he raruraru kei roto i ō pūkahukahu, ka tukuna e tō tinana ngā tohu maha mōna. Mena ka mau tonu tētahi, neke atu rānei o ēnei, he mea tino nui kia toro atu koe ki te tākuta.
- Maremare: He maremare pumau, i ētahi wā ka puta he hūpē.
- Te poto o te manawa (dyspnea): Te poto o te manawa ahakoa he iti noa ngā mahi, me te mea kei te kikī tō uma.
- Te wheehe: He tangi whiowhio ngawari e puta mai ana i te uma i te wā e manawa ana ki roto, e manawa ana ki waho rānei.
- Te maremare toto: Te maremare toto iti me te hūpē.
- Te kikī o te uma: Te āhua nei kei te whakakīia te uma ki te whitiki.
- Ngā mate manawa auau: Mena he maha ngā wā ka pāngia koe e te makariri me ngā mate pūkahukahu.
- Ngenge: Ka nui ake te ngenge i te tikanga.
He aha ngā whakamātautau hei tirotiro i te hauora o te pūkahukahu?
Mena kei a koe ngā tohu o runga ake nei, ka tukuna pea koe e tō tākuta mō ngā whakamātautau maha hei whakaū i tō āhua tuturu.
| Whakamātautau | He aha tāu e mahi ai ki tēnei? |
|---|---|
| Ine i te Spirometry | He whakamātautau nui tēnei e ine ana i te mahi a ngā pukahukahu. Ka ine i te nui o te hau ka taea e koe te whakaputa mā te kaha. |
| Pūnaha tirotiro kanohi | Ka whakauruhia he ngongo tino angiangi, ngāwari me te kāmera e piri ana mā te ihu, mā te waha rānei, ka tirohia tika ki roto i ngā ngongo pūkahukahu. |
| Matawai CT | Ka tangohia e tētahi tikanga hihi-X motuhake ngā whakaahua whakawhiti-wāhanga o ngā pukahukahu me ngā ara pūkahukahu, kātahi ka hangaia he whakaahua taipitopito ki runga i te rorohiko. |
| Irirangi Endobronchial (EBUS) | Ka mahia tēnei me te bronchoscopy. Ka whakamahia he taputapu ultrasound i te pito o te ngongo hei tirotiro i ngā pakitara o te bronchi me ngā kiko e karapoti ana. |
Me pēhea tātou e pupuri ai i te hauora o ō tātou ara manawa?
Heoi anō, he mea māmā noa iho ētahi, he mea tino nui hoki, hei mahi mā tātou, hei pupuri i te hauora o ō tātou pūkahukahu me te pūnaha manawa katoa.
- Āta karohia te momi hikareti: Āta karohia te hikareti, te hikareti pī, te hiko hiko rānei. Koinei te painga nui rawa atu mō ō pukahukahu. He tino kino hoki te hongi i te auahi tuarua.
- Tiakina koe i te puehu me te parahanga o te hau: Mauria he kopare mēnā kei roto koe i ngā wāhi he nui te puehu, ngā matū rānei. Kia ma tō whare.
- Whakakorikori tinana i ngā wā katoa: Ka whakapakari te whakakorikori tinana i tō ngākau me ō pukahukahu.
- Tiakina koe i ngā mate urutā: Horoia ō ringaringa i ngā wā katoa. Āta karohia ngā wāhi kī tonu i te tangata i te wā e pāngia ana koe e te rewharewha me te makariri. Tikina ngā werohanga e tika ana kia rite ki ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta.
- Kai i tētahi kai taurite: Mā te kai i ngā kai whai kiko ka whakapakari i te ārai mate o te tinana.
Kia maumahara, ka whakangaromia rawatia e te momi hikareti te pūnaha parepare ngāwari (cilia) o ō pūkahukahu, ka huaki te kuaha ki ngā mate kino.
Āhea te rapu tohutohu hauora tonu
Mena he maremare noa tōu, he poto rānei te manawa, tirohia tō tākuta whānau. Heoi, ki te kitea e koe tētahi o ngā tohu whakatūpato ohorere e whai ake nei, haere tonu ki te Tari Ohorere (ETU) o te hōhipera tata.
| Āwhati! Ki te pā mai ēnei tohu, haere tonu ki te ETU! | |
|---|---|
| Kahurangi/hina/mā o ngā ngutu, kiri, whao rānei (Cyanosis) | He tohu kaha tēnei kāore te toto e whiwhi ana i te nui o te hāora e tika ana. |
| Ngā whakahokinga o te uma | Ko te kiri o te uma te āhua nei e totohu ana i waenganui i ngā rara i te wā e manawa ana. |
| Te tere o te manawa | Te tere rawa o te manawa, ahakoa e okioki ana, kāore he take motuhake. |
| Te pupuhi o te ihu | Te pupuhi o ngā ihu i te wā e ngana ana ki te manawa. |
| Te whewhe | He oro teitei e rangona ana i te wā e manawa ana ki roto, e manawa ana rānei ki waho. |
He tino taonga ngā pūkahukahu o ō tātou pūkahukahu e tiaki puku ana i ō tātou oranga. Ko tā tātou kawenga he tiaki i a rātou, kaua hoki e tukua kia pakaru.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko ngā pūhā te pūnaha matua o ngā ngongo e kawe ana i te hau ki ō tātou pukahukahu.
- Haunga te hau e neke ana, ka purea, ka whakamakuku hoki tēnei i te hau.
- Ko ngā mate pēnei i te huango me te bronchitis ka pā ki te bronchitis.
- Kaua e warewarehia ngā tohu pēnei i te maremare tonu, te whewhe, te whewhe uma rānei. Tirohia tonutia tō tākuta.
- Ko te mea pai rawa atu ka taea e koe hei pupuri i te hauora o ōu pukahukahu ko te karo rawa i te momi hikareti.
- Ki te puta he tohu ohorere pēnei i te uaua ki te manawa, te kikorangi rānei o ngā ngutu, haere tonu ki te Wāhanga Maimoatanga Ohotata (ETU) o te hōhipera.
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