Kua whakaaro kē koe me pēhea te whiwhi i te tae o ō kanohi, te momo makawe, te roa, me ētahi mate anō hoki? I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō te mea iti rawa, engari he mea tino kaha i roto i tō tātou tinana, koinei te take o ēnei mea katoa. Ko te DNA tēnā. Kua maha pea ō rongonga i tēnei ingoa, i roto i ngā kiriata, i te pouaka whakaata, i ngā pukapuka kura. Engari i tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō te mahi pono, ngāwari hoki.
He aha noa iho te DNA?
Whakaarohia kei te hanga koe i tētahi whare nui. Me whai mahere koe, he tauira, mō tēnā, tika? Waihoki, ko te DNA te huinga tohutohu katoa, te mahere katoa, e hiahiatia ana hei "hanga" i a koe. Ko ngā mōhiohio katoa mō te tipu o ngā whekau o tō tinana, me pēhea tā rātou mahi, me tō āhua, kua tuhia ki roto i tēnei DNA.
Ki te whakarāpopototanga, he rite te DNA ki tētahi whare pukapuka nui kei roto ngā mōhiohio katoa mōu, he mea tuhi ki tētahi reo ka taea e ngā pūtau o tō tātou tinana te pānui. Kei roto i ngā pūtau o ngā mea ora katoa tēnei DNA. Ka riro mai i a koe tō DNA i ō mātua. Ko te haurua i riro mai i a koe i tō whaea, ko te haurua i riro mai i tō pāpā .
Ko te kupu DNA he tohu mō te waikawa Deoxyribonucleic . He ahua uaua te ahua o te ingoa, kāore? Engari he tino māmā tōna tikanga. He momo waikawa motuhake tēnei e kitea ana i roto i te "roro" o ō tātou pūtau, i roto i te karihi.
Tō tātou DNA katoa - arā, ko te Ira Tangata
Ko te huinga katoa o te DNA i roto i tō tinana e kiia ana ko te ira . He rite ki te whare pukapuka nui i kōrerotia e au i mua ake nei. He penei te whakaritenga o tēnei whare pukapuka.
| Wāhanga | Te tikanga noa iho |
|---|---|
| Ngā ira-ira | He rite ēnei ki ngā pukapuka nunui i roto i tō whare pukapuka DNA. Kua wehea tō tātou DNA ki ngā wāhanga, ki ngā pukapuka rānei, e ēnei ira-kōroma. |
| Ngā ira | He rite ēnei ki ngā upoko o roto i aua pukapuka.Pēnei. Ka tohua e ia ira tētahi āhuatanga motuhake mōu. Hei tauira, ko te ira e whakatau ana i te tae o ō kanohi, ko te ira e whakatau ana i te kakano o ō makawe. |
| DNA kore-waehere | Koinei ngā wāhanga DNA i waenga i ngā ira. Ahakoa kāore e whakahau tika i tētahi āhuatanga, he mea tino nui. He rite ki ngā tohu pūrākau (ngā mutu, ngā piko) i roto i te pukapuka. Ka āwhina i aua ira ki te mahi tika, ā, ka āwhina hoki i ētahi atu tukanga nui i roto i ngā pūtau. |
He aha te mea e tupu ana ki te DNA?
Ko te mahi matua a te DNA he tuku tohutohu mō te hanga pūmua, he mea nui mō ō tātou tinana. E mahi ana ēnei pūmua i ngā mahi katoa i roto i ō tātou tinana - ka whai wāhi atu rātou ki ngā mahi katoa mai i te mahi a ō tātou whekau ki tō tātou āhua.
Ka whakamahia e te DNA tōna ake reo motuhake hei tuhi i ēnei tohutohu. E whā noa iho ngā reta o tēnei reo. Ko A, C, G me T. Pērā i tā tātou arapū Sinhala, ka honoa ēnei reta e whā, ka hangaia he piriona tohutohu rerekē. Whakaarohia ngā reta 'ல', 'ம', 'ய' ka honoa hei hanga i te kupu 'லமா'. Ki te whakawhiti koe i ngā reta, ka hangaia he kupu anō pērā i te 'மலா'. Koinei te huarahi e honoa ai ēnei reta A, C, G, T, ka hangaia ngā tohutohu rerekē e hiahiatia ana e tō tinana. Koia te take he ahurei te DNA o ia tangata.
Ko ēnei reta e whā e tohu ana i ngā turanga matū e whā : Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, me Thymine . Ka pānuihia ēnei reta e ngā pūtau o tō tātou tinana, ā, ka hangaia he pūmua i roto i ētahi taahiraa.
1. Te Whakawhiti: Ka puta mai tētahi atu ngota motuhake e kiia nei ko te RNA (pērā i te kaikawe mēra) ka tārua i ngā tohutohu i roto i te DNA. Kātahi ka tangohia taua tārua mai i te karihi.
2. Whakamāoritanga: Muri iho, ka pānuihia te karere RNA e ngā hanganga iti rite ki te wheketere e kiia nei ko ngā ribosome , ā, e ai ki ngā tohutohu kei roto, ka huihuia ngā waikawa amino hei hanga i tētahi pūmua.
3. Tukatuka whakamutunga: Kātahi ka whakarerekētia anō te pūmua kua oti te whakarite, ka whakapikohia kia tika, kātahi ka tukuna ki te wāhi e hiahiatia ana i roto i te tinana.
Ki te kī māmā noa, ko te DNA te mahere matua. Ko te RNA te tangata e tango ana i tētahi kape o taua mahere ka kawe mai ki te wāhi mahi. Ko ngā ribosome ngā kaimahi e whai ana i taua mahere, e mahi ana i te mahi. Ko te pūmua te hua whakamutunga.
He aha te āhua me te hanganga o te DNA?
He tino ataahua te āhua o te DNA. Ka kiia ko te herikopa takirua.Arā, he rite ki ngā arawhata porowhita e rua e mirohia ana tetahi ki tetahi. Ki te taea e koe te whakaaro ngāwari, he rite tōna āhua ki tētahi arawhata porowhita .
He mea hanga te DNA i ngā poraka hanga iti e kiia nei ko ngā nukleotida . E toru ngā wāhanga o ia nukleotida.
| Wāhanga o te nucleotide | Mahi (māmā) |
|---|---|
| Pūtake Hauota | Koinei ngā reta A, C, G, T i kōrerohia e tātou. Ka hono tahi rātou i waenganui, pērā i ngā kaupae o te arawhata porowhita. He ture motuhake tēnei. Ka hono tonu a A ki a T, ā, ka hono tonu a C ki a G. |
| Ngā ngota huka (Te Huka Deoxyribose) | Ka mahia tēnei hei hono i te turanga (te papa) ki te reera o te arawhata. |
| Rōpū Phosphate | Koinei te mea e hono ana i ngā ngota huka hei hanga i te tuara o te arawhata porowhita. |
Kei hea te DNA?
Tata ki ngā pūtau katoa o tō tinana he DNA kei roto i tōna karihi. Heoi, ko ētahi pūtau, pērā i ngā toto whero, kāore he karihi, nō reira kāore he DNA. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā mitochondria, ko ngā pūtake hiko o ō tātou pūtau, he DNA anō ō rātou. Ko te mea motuhake mō tēnei DNA mitochondria ko te mea ka riro mai i ō tātou whaea anake .
Ka aha mēnā ka puta he hapa i roto i te DNA?
Mena he hapa, he kino, he hapa rānei kei roto i ngā mōhiohio o te DNA, ka pā mai he raruraru hauora. He pūnaha anō ā ō tātou tinana hei whakarite kia kore he hapa i te wā e tāruatia ana tō tātou DNA. He rite ki te whakatikatika i tētahi reta. Engari i ētahi wā ka kore e taea tēnei tukanga. Kātahi ka puta ngā huringa o te DNA, e kiia nei ko ngā whakarerekētanga ira .
Hei tāpiritanga, ka taea hoki e ētahi mea e mahia ana e tātou i ia rā te whakakino i te DNA.
- Te nui rawa o te pānga o te rā
- Te hongi i ngā matū kino pērā i te paowa me te hau o te waka
- Te momi hikareti
- Te inu waipiro
Ka puta pea ngā mate maha i te kino, i ngā panoni rānei o te DNA pēnei i tēnei.
- Matepukupuku
- Ngā mate o ngā pukahukahu, te ngākau me ētahi atu whekau
- Te koroheketanga tere o te kiri
- Ngā take whakawhānau
- Ētahi mate whānautanga
Koia te mea nui kia ora pai te noho, kia kaua e kai hikareti me te waipiro. Ka āwhina hoki ēnei mea ki te tiaki i tō tātou DNA. Mena he āwangawanga āu mō tēnei, kaua e wehi ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta .
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ko te DNA te huinga tohutohu katoa, te mahere, e hiahiatia ana hei hanga me te whakahaere i tō tinana.
- Ko te haurua o tō DNA i riro mai i tō whaea, ko te haurua i riro mai i tō pāpā.
- Ko te mahi matua o te DNA he whakarato tohutohu mō te hanga pūmua e tika ana mō te tinana.
- He rite te āhua o te DNA ki te arawhata porowhita (he porowhita takirua).
- Ka taea e ngā hapa, e te kino rānei ki te DNA te whakaputa i ngā mate maha, pērā i te mate pukupuku.
- Mā te oranga hauora ka tiaki i tō DNA mai i te kino.
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