Kei te ngenge tonu koe, kei te ngoikore rānei? Kei te ngaro, kei te piki rānei tō taumaha, kāore he take? Tērā pea he hohonu ake te take o ēnei mea i tō whakaaro. He raruraru kei te pūnaha homoni o tō tātou tinana, arā, ko te 'Endocrine System'. Me kōrero noa tātou mō tēnei i tēnei rā.
He aha te Pūnaha Endocrine?
He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, he pūnaha tēnei e hangaia ana e te kohinga repe i roto i tō tātou tinana. Ka whakaputahia e ēnei repe ngā karere matū e kiia nei ko ngā homoni, ā, ka tukuna ki roto i te toto. Ka whakahaeretia e ēnei homoni ngā mahi nui o roto i tō tātou tinana. Whakaarohia, ka āwhina ēnei homoni ki te whakahaere i ngā mea katoa mai i te huri i te kai e kainga ana e tātou hei pūngao, ki te ngākau o te ngākau, ki te tipu o ngā wheua me ngā kiko, tae noa ki tō tātou āheinga ki te whānau pēpi.
Pērā i te ratonga mēra o tētahi whenua, ka tukuna e te pūnaha endocrine ngā karere nui (ngā homoni) mai i tētahi wāhanga o te tinana ki tētahi atu, hei whakarite tika i ngā mea katoa.
Kia titiro tātou ki ngā repe matua o tō tātou tinana me ā rātou mahi.
| Repe | Tōna mahi me tōna hiranga |
|---|---|
| Ngā Repe Adrenal | Kei runga ake i ngā whatukuhu ēnei repe e rua, ka whakaputa i ngā homoni pēnei i te cortisol, he mea tino nui ēnei mō te whakahaere i te ahotea. |
| Hypothalamus | Ko tēnei wāhanga o te roro, kei waenganui, te mea e whakahau ana i te repe pituitary kia whakaputa i ngā homoni. |
| Ngā pūtau moutere o te pancreas | Ko ēnei pūtau o te repe taiaki ka whakaputa i ngā homoni insulin me glucagon, e whakahaere ana i ngā taumata huka toto. |
| Ngā ovaries | He wāhanga tēnei o te pūnaha whakaputa uri wahine. Ko tana mahi matua he whakaputa hua manu me ngā homoni ira wahine. |
| Ngā repe parathyroid (Parathyroid) | Ko ēnei repe iti e whā i te kaki e whakahaere ana i ngā taumata konupūmā o te tinana, ā, he mea tino nui ēnei mō te tipu o te wheua. |
| Repe Pineal | Kei waenganui o te roro tēnei repe, e whakaponohia ana ko ia te kaiwhakahaere o ā tātou tauira moe me te araara. |
| Repe Pituitary | Kei te pūtake o te roro tēnei repe, e kiia ana ko te "repe matua" nā te mea ko ia te kaiwhakahaere i ngā mahi a ngā repe maha atu, pērā i te tairoi. |
| Ngā Uha (Testes) | He wāhanga o te pūnaha whakaputa uri tāne. Ko tana mahi he whakaputa parāoa me ngā homoni ira tāne. |
| Repe tairoiti | Kei mua o te kaki tēnei repe āhua pūrerehua e whakahaere ana i te pākia o te tinana. Arā, e whakahaere ana i te tere o te whakamahinga o te pūngao e te tinana. |
Ahakoa te iti noa o te panonitanga o te mahi a tētahi o ēnei repe ka taea te whakararuraru i te taurite o ngā homoni i roto i tō tātou tinana. Koinei te wā ka puta ai ngā mate endocrine.
He aha i puta ai ēnei mate homoni?
E rua ngā momo matua o ngā take o ēnei mate.
1. Te Tauritekore o ngā Homoni: He repe e whakaputa nui rawa ana, e iti rawa ana rānei te homoni.
2. Ngā whara, ngā pukupuku rānei i roto i ngā repe:He pukupuku, he pona rānei i roto i ngā repe o te pūnaha endocrine. Tērā pea ka puta he panoni i ngā taumata homoni, kāore rānei.
He pūnaha whakahaere whakamiharo tō tō tātou tinana. Ka kiia tēnei he 'pūnaha urupare'. Mēnā ka piki ake, ka heke rānei te homoni i roto i te toto, ka tukuna e tēnei pūnaha he tohu ki te repe e tika ana kia whakatikahia. Mēnā he raruraru kei roto i tēnei pūnaha, ka puta pea ngā kore taurite o ngā homoni.
Ko ētahi atu take ka taea te huri i ngā taumata homoni:
- Tetahi momo mate.
- Ngā take ira, arā, ngā āhuatanga ira e tukuna iho ana i tētahi whakatipuranga ki tētahi whakatipuranga. Hei tauira, "Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN)" me ngā raruraru rānei ki te repe tairoi e kitea ana i te whānautanga "Congenital Hypothyroidism".
- Ngā mate urutā.
- He aituā ki te repe.
- He pukupuku matepukupuku, kāore rānei i te matepukupuku e puta mai ana i roto i te repe.
I te nuinga o te wā, ehara i te matepukupuku ngā pukupuku me ngā puku e puta ake ana i roto i ēnei repe. Heoi anō, ka taea e te pukupuku te whakararuraru i te tukanga whakaputa homoni o te repe.
He aha ngā tohu o ēnei mate homoni?
He rerekē rawa ngā tohu o ēnei mate, i runga i te repe e pāngia ana. Heoi, e rua ngā tohu e pāngia ana e te nuinga o te hunga e pāngia ana e ēnei mate ko te ngenge tonu me te ngoikore.
Anei ētahi atu tohu e tika ana kia kōrerohia ki tō tākuta:
- Ngā huringa o te tere o te ngakau.
- Ngā panonitanga o te kiri, o ngā kanohi rānei (hei tauira, te kiri maroke, te pupuhi o ngā kanohi).
- Ahakoa he hinganga iti noa iho, ka whati pea te wheua.
- Te pikinga o te huka toto.
- Te pikinga o ngā taumata konupūmā i roto i te toto.
- Te whakaheke, te piki rānei o te toto toto.
- Ngā huringa o te taumaha tinana, kāore he take.
- Te hekenga o te hiahia moepuku.
- Te kore tamariki.
- Ngā rerekētanga o te huringa paheketanga i roto i ngā wāhine.
Ngā momo mate homoni noa
He maha ngā momo mate homoni. I roto i ēnei , ko te mate huka te mate endocrine tino noa i Sri Lanka me te ao.
Anei ētahi atu momo mate:
Ngā Mate Tairoi
- Te mate taiaki toto nui: He nui ake ngā homoni e whakaputaina ana e te repe taiaki toto i te mea e tika ana. Ka taea e tēnei te whakaheke taumaha, te tere o te ngakau, te werawera nui, me te kore okiokinga. Ko te mate a Graves tētahi o ngā tino take o tēnei.
- Hypothyroidism: He repe tairoi kāore i te mahi pai , he iti rawa te homoni e whakaputa ana. Ka puta pea ngā tohu pēnei i te ngenge, te mate puku, te kiri maroke, me te pouri.
Ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora noa
- Te Mate Pūkahukahu Polycystic (PCOS):Ka taea e te pikinga ake o te homoni androgen i roto i ngā wāhine te whakararuraru i te whakaputa uri me te whakaputa uri. He tino take tēnei o te kore tamariki. He tino noa tēnei āhuatanga i waenga i ngā wāhine taitamariki i Sri Lanka.
- Te ngoikore o te adrenal: He iti rawa te homoni cortisol e whakaputaina ana e ngā repe adrenal. Ko ngā tohu ko te ngenge, te mamae o te puku, te maroke o te wai, me ngā panoni o te tae kiri. Ko tēnei momo mate e kiia ana ko te mate a Addison.
- Te mate a Cushing: Te kaha rawa o ngā repe adrenal nā te nui rawa o ngā homoni e whakaputaina ana e te repe pituitary.
- Ngā raruraru o te homoni tipu: Ki te nui rawa te homoni tipu e whakaputaina ana e te repe pituitary, ka tere rawa te tipu o te tinana me ngā wheua o te tamaiti (Gigantism). Ki te iti tēnei homoni, ka mutu te tipu o te tamaiti.
Te tātaritanga me te maimoatanga
Mena kei a koe ēnei tohu, ka tukuna koe e tō tākuta whānau ki tētahi tohunga. Ka kiia taua tohunga he 'endocrinologist' .
Tērā pea ka mahia ngā whakamātautau toto me te mimi hei tirotiro i ō taumata homoni, me ngā whakamātautau whakaahua hei tirotiro i ngā puku, i ngā pukupuku rānei i roto i ngā repe.
He uaua te rongoā i ngā mate homoni, nā te mea ka pāngia ngā taumata o tētahi homoni e te whakarerekētanga o ngā taumata o tētahi atu. Nō reira, he mea nui kia whai whakamātautau toto auau e ai ki te whakahau a tō tākuta, a tō tohunga rānei, me te whakarerekē i tō mahere maimoatanga ina hiahiatia.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- He mea nui te pūnaha endocrine mō te whakahaere i te tipu, te kaha, me te mahi a te tinana.
- Ko te ngenge tonu me te ngoikore he tohu tōmua o te mate homoni, nō reira kaua e warewarehia ēnei tohu.
- Ko te mate huka, ngā raruraru tairoi, me te PCOS ētahi o ngā mate e pā ana ki ngā homoni e kitea nuitia ana i tō tātou whenua.
- Ki te whakapae koe kei a koe ngā tohu o te mate homoni, me toro atu ki te tākuta mō ētahi tohutohu. Kaua e rongoā i a koe anō.
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