He teitei te taumata o te hauhā waro (CO2) i roto i tō toto? Me kōrero tātou mō te hypercapnia!

He ngenge noa iho rānei koe i ētahi wā? He poto rānei tō manawa, he mamae rānei tō upoko? Ahakoa he mea noa ēnei, i ētahi wā he take anō kei muri i tēnei. Arā, he nui rawa te nui o te hauhā waro (CO2) i roto i tō toto. I roto i te rongoā, ka kiia tēnei āhuatanga ko te hypercapnia , ā, i ētahi wā ko te hypercarbia . Nō reira, me kōrero tātou mō tēnei i tēnei rā.

He aha rawa te hypercapnia?

Ki te kī ngāwari, ko te hypercapnia te wā e teitei ake ai te nui o te hauhā waro (CO2) i roto i tō toto i te taumata kua tūtohutia. Inaianei, tirohia, ka puta tēnei hauhā waro (CO2) hei hua taha ina whakaputa pūngao ngā pūtau o tō tātou tinana. Kātahi ka kohia e ō tātou pūtau toto whero tēnei CO2 ka haria ki ngā pukahukahu, mai i reira ka tukuna atu i te wā e tukuna ana e tātou. Nō reira, ki te kore e taea e tō tātou tinana te pana tika i tēnei para e kiia nei ko te hauhā waro, ka tīmata te kohikohi i roto i te toto. Koinei te ingoa o te hypercapnia.

Ka roa pea tēnei mate, me ngā tohu pēnei i te poto o te manawa (dyspnea) me te ngenge i te awatea. I ētahi wā ka tere te mate, me ngā tohu ka kaha ake.

He mea nui: He āhuatanga ohorere hauora te hypercapnia whakapeka. Ka pā pea ki te roro (ngā tohumate io) ā, ka puta he pōhēhē, he koretake te aronga, me te paranoia.

He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te Hypercapnia me te Hypoxemia?

Ka pōhēhē pea ēnei e rua. Ko te hypercapnia he pikinga o te hauhā waro (CO2) i roto i te toto. Ko te hypoxemia he hekenga o te nui o te hāora i roto i te toto. I ētahi wā ka puta ngātahi ēnei āhuatanga e rua. Arā, ka piki ake te CO2 i roto i te toto, ka heke hoki te hāora.

He aha ngā tohu o te Hypercapnia?

He maha ngā tohu ka puta i roto i te āhua o te hypercapnia. Ka rerekē ēnei i runga i te āhua o te mate (ahakoa he roa, he tere rānei).

• Te poto o te manawa: Ka rite ki te kore e taea e koe te manawa, me te mea kei te kikī tō uma.
• Mamae upoko: He mamae upoko e puta pinepine ana, i ētahi wā ka kino rawa atu i te ata.
• Te ngenge tonu, te mangere rānei i te awatea: He āhua ngenge tonu ahakoa te roa o te moe.
• Te pōhēhē: Te ngaronga o te māramatanga ki ngā mea pēnei i te wāhi me te wā.
• Te pōhēhē, te rerekētanga rānei o te āhua hinengaro: Ngā huringa o te whakaaro me te whakatau kaupapa.
• Paranoia: He wehi koretake kei whara koe i ētahi atu.
• Pouri: He āhua o te pouri me te kore tumanako.
• Ngā mate hopuhopu: I ētahi wā kino, ka puta pea ngā āhuatanga rite ki te mate hopuhopu.

Tērā pea ka puta tuatahi mai ngā tohu ngawari pēnei i te ngenge, te ānini, me te poto o te manawa i te hypercapnia mau tonu. Heoi, i roto i te wā, ka taea e ēnei te whanake hei tohu e pā ana ki te roro pēnei i te pōhēhē. Ka taea e te hypercapnia whakapeka te puta ohorere mai o ngā tohu e pā ana ki te roro, te ānini, me te poto o te manawa.

He aha ngā take o te hypercapnia?

Ka puta te hypercapnia i tētahi āhuatanga e whakanui ana i te taumata o te hauhā waro (CO2) i roto i te tinana, e ārai ana rānei i te CO2 kia tomo ki roto i ngā pukahukahu me te wehe atu i te tinana. E rua ngā āhuatanga matua e whai wāhi ana ki tēnei ko te ngoikore o te manawa me te kore e ōrite te V/Q .

• Te ngoikore o te manawa: Ko te tikanga tēnei he puhoi rawa tō tere manawa, he papaku rawa rānei tō manawa. Ko te tikanga tēnei kāore e taea e koe te whakaputa tika i te nui o te CO2 e hangaia ana i roto i tō tinana.
• Te kore ōrite o te V/Q: He ahua uaua tēnei. Ki te kī māmā, ko te "V" te tikanga o te Ventilation, arā, te nui o te hau e tomo ana ki ngā pūkahukahu. Ko te "Q" te tikanga o te Perfusion, arā, te nui o te toto e rere ana ki ngā pūkahukahu. Nō reira, ki te nui te hau e whiwhi ana ngā pūkahukahu engari kāore i te nui te rere o te toto, ki te pai rānei te rere o te toto engari kāore i te nui te hau e rere ana, ka kore e taurite tēnei ōwehenga V/Q. I roto i ētahi mate pūkahukahu, he "wāhi mate" kei roto i ngā alveoli o ngā pūkahukahu, kei reira te toto kāore e nui te toto e whiwhi ana. Kātahi, ahakoa kua kī tonu ngā pūkahukahu i te hau, kāore e taea te tango i te CO2 katoa mai i te toto.

Ko te COPD (Mate Pūkahukahu Ārai Mau) me te moe pōrearea ngā tino take e rua o te hypercapnia. Tērā atu anō ētahi atu take:

• Ngā āhuatanga e ngoikore ai te pūnaha e whakahaere ana i tō manawa: Hei tauira, ko te whiu, te nui rawa o te whakamahinga o ngā rongoā whakamoe, te mate momona me te ngoikore o te manawa, me te hypothyroidism.
• Ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki tō tuaiwi, ō io, tō mana whakahaere uaua rānei: Hei tauira, ko te sclerosis maha (MS), ngā mate io, te taurakira rānei, te sclerosis taha amyotrophic (ALS), me te dystrophy uaua.
• Ngā huringa o te hanganga o te uma, o te tuaiwi rānei:Ko ētahi tauira ko te flail chest (te whati o te pakitara o te uma) me te ankylosing spondylitis (te mumura o ngā hononga o te tuaiwi).
• Ngā paihana: Hei tauira, ko te tetanus me te botulism.
• Te embolism pūkahukahu.
• Te mate toto.

Ka taea hoki e te kirika me te whakakori tinana te whakapiki i ngā taumata CO2. Heoi, ka urutau te nuinga o te tinana o te tangata ki tēnei ka hoki ki te taurite. I ētahi wā, ka puta te hypercapnia ahakoa kua hoatu he hāora ki te tangata whai COPD.

He aha ngā āhuatanga mōrearea mō tēnei mate?

Ko te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate manawa, te mate pūkahukahu, te mate uaua, me ngā mate o te pūnaha io (te roro me te taurakira) he nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i te hypercapnia. Waihoki, ki te tango koe i ngā rongoā e whakamoe ai koe (hei tauira, ngā opioid, benzodiazepines), tera pea ka nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i te hypercapnia nā te mea he papaku, he puhoi rānei tō manawa.

He aha ngā raruraru ka puta mai i te hypercapnia?

Ki te kore e taea e tō tinana te whakahaere i ēnei taumata tiketike o te hauhā waro, ka puta pea ngā āhuatanga morearea ki te ora. Kei roto i ēnei ko:

• Te waikawa manawa: Koinei te wā ka heke te pH o tō toto i raro i ngā taumata noa, ka nui rawa te waikawa.
• Te ngoikore o te manawa: Koinei te wā kāore e taea e ngā kiko o tō tinana te whiwhi i te nui o te hāora.
• Te hopukanga o te ngākau.
• Koma.

Me pēhea te tautuhi i te Hypercarbia?

Hei tātaritanga i te hypercapnia, ka whakahaerehia e ngā tākuta he whakamātautau toto motuhake hei ine i te nui o te hauhā waro i roto i ō toto. Tērā pea ka whakahaerehia e rātou ētahi atu whakamātautau hei tirotiro i ētahi atu āhuatanga e hua ai te hypercapnia.

He aha ngā whakamātautau ka taea te whakamahi?

Ka taea te mahi i ēnei whakamātautau hei tātaritanga i te hypercapnia, i ngā āhuatanga rānei e pā ana ki tēnei mate:

• Te whakamātautau oximetry pāorooro: Ka whakamahia he pūoko iti e whakanohoia ana ki tō maihao hei ine i te nui o te hāora i roto i ō toto. He whakamātautau noa iho tēnei, kāore he mamae. Ka taea e ia te hoatu ki tō tākuta he whakaaro tere mō tō āhua.
• Whakamātautau hau toto uaua (ABG): Ka ine tēnei i te taumata o te hauhā waro i roto i tō toto mā te tango tauira toto mai i tō ringaringa, i tō hope rānei mā te whakamahi i te ngira.
• Ngā whakamātautau toto: Ka taea te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau toto maha hei kimi i te hypercapnia me ōna pūtake. Hei tauira, ko te tatau toto katoa (CBC), te tirotiro paitini, te whakamātautau toto CO2, me ngā whakamātautau mahi tairoi.
• Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua:Ka tonoa pea e te tākuta he hihi-X o te uma, he matawai CT uma/upoko rānei hei ngana ki te tautuhi i ngā āhuatanga hauora kei raro.
• Ngā whakamātautau mahi pūkahukahu (PFT): Ka taea te mahi i ēnei whakamātautau hei tirotiro i te pai o te mahi a ō pūkahukahu ki te tautuhi i ngā mate hauora kei raro.

Me pēhea te rongoā i te hypercarbia?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te hypercapnia e whakawhirinaki ana ki te take. Ka whakamahia pea e ngā tākuta ēnei maimoatanga e whai ake nei:

• Te whakapūngao hau kore-whakaeke (NIV): Ko te whakamahi i tētahi mīhini hei āwhina i a koe ki te manawa mā roto i tētahi kopare e uru ana ki tō mata. Hei tauira, ko ngā mīhini CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) BiPAP rānei (e kiia ana ko BiPAP®).
• Te rongoā hāora.
• Ngā rongoā hei whakakore i te nui rawa o te horopeta: Mena ka puta te hypercapnia i te nui rawa o ngā rongoā e meinga ai te hiamoe (hei tauira, ngā opioid), ka tohua pea e tō tākuta ētahi rongoā ka taea te whakakore i ngā pānga o aua rongoā.
• Te whakapūngao manawa ā-ringa: I ētahi wā tino kino, me hono pea te tūroro ki tētahi mīhini manawa.

He pānga taha kei te rongoā?

Mā te hoatu hāora ki tētahi tangata whai COPD ka kino ake te hypercapnia. Ka taea e tēnei te whakanui ake i te koretake o te V/Q, ka taea rānei e ō pūtau toto whero te tuku i te CO2 ki roto i te toto (te pānga Haldane), engari kāore e taea e te tinana te whakakore tika i taua CO2.

Ka taea te ārai i te Hypercapnia?

Ko te huarahi pai hei ārai i te hypercapnia ko te tango i ō rongoā katoa kua tohua kia rite ki te mea kua tohua, me te whakahaere i ngā mate hauora kei raro. Mena kei a koe te COPD, kōrero ki tō tākuta mō te whakahaere i ngā putanga o te mate.

He aha te tirohanga mō te hypercarbia?

Ko te tirohanga mō te hypercapnia e whakawhirinaki ana ki te take. He maha ngā take, ki te kitea wawe, ka taea te rongoā. Ko te hypercapnia roa e puta mai ana i te apnea moe ka taea te ārai mā te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu kua tohua e te tākuta, mā ētahi momo pokanga rānei.

E whakaatu ana ētahi rangahau, mō te hunga whai COPD, he kino ake te āhua o te mate o te hunga whai hypercapnia i te hunga kāore he hypercapnia.

Me pēhea taku tiaki i ahau anō?

Ko te huarahi pai ki te tiaki i a koe anō ko te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga matua e whakararu ana i a koe ki te hypercapnia. Mena kei a koe te COPD, te sleep apnea, tetahi atu āhuatanga rānei e whakararu ana i a koe ki te hypercapnia, kōrero ki tō tākuta mō ngā tohu hei tirotiro māu.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?

Mena kei a koe ngā tohu o te hypercapnia, ina koa mēnā he mate hauora kē atu kei a koe e whakararu ana i a koe, kōrero ki tō tākuta.

Āhea ahau me haere ki te Wāhanga Maimoatanga Ohotata (ETU) ?

Mena kei a koe tētahi o ēnei tohu kino, haere tonu ki te rūma whawhati tata:

• Ngā hopukanga.
• Te āhua hinengaro kua rerekē, te pōhēhē rānei.
• Te pōhēhē.
• Te pōhēhē hinengaro (Paranoia).
• Kiri kikorangi, maikuku, ngutu rānei.

He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu e au ki taku tākuta?

He pai pea te pātai atu ki tō tākuta i ēnei pātai:

• He aha i pā ai tēnei ki ahau?
• Me pēhea te ārai i tēnei ā muri ake nei?
• He aha ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga kei a au?

Kei te ngana tonu ō tātou tinana ki te pupuri i te taurite, ahakoa kāore tātou e whakaaro ki tēnā. Ka rerekē pea ngā taumata o te hāora me te hauhā waro, engari ka urutau ō tātou tinana ki tēnā. Heoi anō, he uaua ki te tinana te pupuri i te taurite e hiahiatia ana e ētahi āhuatanga hauora. Koinei te wā ka puta ai ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te hypercapnia.

Ko te nui o te hauhā waro e puta ana i te wā o te hypercapnia ka pā mai he raruraru morearea ki te ora. Mena he mate hauora tōu e tūpono ai koe ki te hypercapnia, whakaritea he mahere me tō tākuta mō te mea me mahi mēnā ka puta he tohu whakararuraru. Tirohia tonutia he tākuta mēnā kei a koe ngā tohu o te hypercapnia. Haere ki te rūma whawhati tata mēnā ka puta he huringa hinengaro pēnei i te pōhēhē, te haurangi, te pōhēhē rānei.

Whakarāpopototanga (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga)

E ngā hoa aroha, ko tāku tumanako kua mārama kē koutou ki te tikanga o te hypercapnia, ōna take, ōna tohu, me ōna maimoatanga. Kia maumahara, ehara i te mea ngāwari te pikinga o te nui o te hauhā waro (CO2) i roto i ō toto.

• Mena kei a koe ngā tohu pēnei i te ngenge pinepine, te poto o te manawa, te ānini roa rānei , kōrero ki te tākuta.
• Mena kei a koe ngā mate pūkahukahu pēnei i te COPD, te apnea moe rānei , kia tino tupato ki te hypercapnia.
• Ki te pāngia koe e ngā tohu pēnei i te ngaronga ohorere o te māramatanga, te pōhēhē, te hopuhopu rānei , he āhuatanga ohorere hauora tēnā. Haere tonu ki te hōhipera.
• He mea tino nui kia whai i ngā tohutohu a te taote, kia tika hoki te tango i ngā rongoā kua tohua.

Kia kaha tātou katoa ki te ora i te ora hauora!

` Hypercapnia, Hauhā Waro, Uauatanga Manawa, COPD, Apnea Moe, Whakamātautau Hau Toto, Mate Manawa