He pōuri hoki tō tirohanga tata ki a koe? Me ako tātou i ngā mea katoa e pā ana ki te hyperopia!

Ka kitea e koe i ētahi wā ko ngā mea e tata ana ki a koe, hei tauira, ina pānui koe i tētahi nūpepa, ina titiro koe ki ngā tuhinga iti i runga i tō waea pūkoro, ina ngana rānei koe ki te wero i tētahi ngira, he ahua pōuriuri? Engari he mea miharo, ina kite koe i tētahi mea i tawhiti, ka taea e koe te kite mārama me te kore he raruraru, tika? Mena koinā, tera pea kei a koe te mate ka kōrerohia e tātou i tēnei rā, e kiia nei ko te "tirotiro tawhiti" ko te `(Hyperopia)` rānei. Kaua e manukanuka, he mea tino noa tēnei, ā, ka taea te rongoā.

He aha te hyperopia? He māmā noa iho...

He māmā noa iho, he mate kanohi noa te tirohanga tawhiti. I roto i tēnei mate, ka uaua ki te kite mārama i ngā mea e tata ana ki a koe , engari ko ngā mea kei tawhiti (e 6 mita te nuinga, e 20 putu rānei) ka kitea mārama . Whakaarohia, i a koe e hikoi ana i te tiriti, ka kite mārama koe i te ingoa o tētahi toa i tawhiti, engari ina titiro koe ki te pire i tō ringaringa, ka ahua pōrearea ngā reta. Koinei te āhua.

Heoi, ki te mea he iti te tirohanga a ētahi tāngata, ka kite pea rātou i ngā mea tata, i ngā mea tawhiti hoki. Ko te mea nui, ehara tēnei i te mate kanohi. He iti noa te panoni o te arotahi o te kanohi ki te mārama, arā, kāore e taea te arotahi tika . Ko te take matua mō tēnei ko te āhua o tō kanohi. Ko te tikanga ko te roa mai i mua ki muri o te kanohi (te roa tuaka) me te piko o te wāhanga mārama i mua o te kanohi, e kiia nei ko te cornea. Kāore e taea e koe te whakahaere i te āhua o tō kanohi. Engari ko te rongo pai, he āhuatanga tēnei ka taea te whakatika .

Mena kei te raru koe ki te kite i ngā mea mai i te taha tata, ko te mea pai ko te toro atu ki tētahi tākuta kanohi, ki tētahi tākuta kanohi rānei. Ka taea e rātou te whakahaere i tētahi whakamātautau māmā, kore mamae hoki, kia kite ai mēnā me āwhina ō kanohi. He maha ngā otinga e wātea ana, tae atu ki ngā mōhiti, ngā karāhe whakapā, tae atu ki te pokanga. Ka taea e tō tākuta te āwhina i a koe ki te whiriwhiri i te mea tika māu.

He pēhea te noa o te tirohanga tawhiti?

He mea tino noa tēnei. E ai ki tētahi rangahau, tata ki te 4.6% o ngā tamariki me te 30.9% o ngā pakeke o te ao he kanohi tawhiti pea. Heoi, ka rerekē pea ēnei tau i ia rangahau, nā te mea he rerekē ngā huarahi e ine ai.

Hei tauira, mēnā ka whakaurua ngā tāngata neke atu i te 40 tau te pakeke ki tētahi rangahau, ka piki ake pea tēnei ōrau. Ko te take o tēnei, i muri i te 40 tau te pakeke, he maha ngā tāngata ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia e te mate e kiia nei ko te "Presbyopia", arā , ko te ngaronga o te tirohanga tata i a rātou e pakeke haere ana . Ka puta hoki i te "Presbyopia" te tirohanga tata pōuri, engari nā ngā huringa o te karāhe i roto i te kanohi i te pakeketanga. He rerekē tēnei take i te tirohanga tawhiti.

He matapō tawhiti tōu? Kia tūpato ki ēnei tohu:

Kāore pea koe e māharahara i te tīmatanga, engari ki te mea me kaha ake te mahi a ngā uaua o ō kanohi kia mārama ai tō tirohanga,, tera pea ka pāngia koe e ēnei tohu:

• Te pōuri o te tirohanga ina titiro ki ngā mea e tata ana, inā koa ngā mea e tata ana ki te mata.
• Te tirohanga pōuri, te ngenge rānei o ngā kanohi i te pō.
• Te uaua ki te pānui. Tērā pea ka rite ki te kanikani ngā reta o te pukapuka, ā, kāore i te mārama.
• Te tirohanga takirua i te wā e pānui ana.
• Te mamae i roto i ngā kanohi.
• Te taumahatanga o te kanohi .
• Te ngana ki te pānui me te whakawhāiti i ō kanohi (te titiro pōuri) .

Mena he tirohanga tawhiti ngā tamariki nohinohi, hei tāpiri atu ki ēnei tohu, ka mirimiri pinepine pea rātou i ō rātou kanohi , ka iti ake rānei te hiahia ki te pānui . I ētahi wā, ahakoa e whakaaro ana te tamaiti nohinohi kua hoha rātou ki te ako, tera pea nā te mea kāore rātou e kite mārama ana i ngā reta.

He aha i puta ai tēnei tirohanga poto? He aha ngā take?

E rua ngā tino take o te tirohanga tawhiti:

• Te whakapototanga o te karu kanohi. Ko te tikanga tēnei ka heke te roa o te tuaka o te kanohi mai i mua ki muri.
• He papatahi ake te kornea o te kanohi i tērā i whakaarohia.

Tērā pea koe e whakaaro ana, "Nā, he aha te mea ka tupu mēnā he poto ake te kanohi, ā, he papatahi ake te kornea?" Kei roto i te āhua o tō kanohi e tahuri ai (e piko ai) te mārama te whakautu.

Whakaarohia tō kanohi he kāmera iti. He rite te kornea ki te karāhe kei mua o te kāmera. Koinei te wāhi tuatahi ka hurihia te mārama e tomo ana ki te kanohi, ka tomo ki te kanohi, ka taka tika ki te retina kei muri o te kanohi. He paku piko te kornea, ā, ko taua piko te mea e arotahi tika ai te mārama ki te retina.

Heoi, ki te papatahi tō kornea, ki te poto rawa rānei te tawhiti mai i mua ki muri o tō kanohi, ka ngaro tēnei taurite ngawari. Ka ahatia? Ina uru te mārama ki roto i tō kanohi, kāore e tau tika ki te `(Retina)`. Engari, ka arotahi ngā hihi mārama ki muri i te `(Retina)`. Koia te take e pōuri ai te āhua o ngā mea e tata ana. I ētahi wā ka taea e ētahi atu wāhanga o te kanohi te `(whakauru)` i tēnei ki tētahi taumata. Engari ki te mea he tirohanga tawhiti koe, me āwhina ō kanohi, pērā i ngā mōhiti, kia tika ai te arotahi o te mārama.

Ko te tirohanga tawhiti he hapa tirohanga. Ko ngā hapa tirohanga he panoni i roto i te tirohanga i puta mai i ngā raruraru o te āhua o te kanohi e whakawhiti ana i te mārama. He mea tino noa ēnei, ā, ka taea te whakahaere. Ko te mea nui ko te toro atu ki te tākuta kia tirohia ō kanohi, kia kitea ai te mea e hiahiatia ana e koe.

He mea tuku iho te tirohanga tawhiti?

Ae, e whakapono ana ngā kairangahau he pānga ira tō te tirohanga tawhiti.Ko te tikanga o tēnā, ko ngā ira i riro mai i ō mātua ka pā ki tō tupono ki te whakawhanake i te tirohanga tawhiti. Hei tauira, ka pā ētahi ira ki te whanaketanga o te kanohi, inā koa te roa o te kanohi (`(axial length)`). Kei te rangahau tonu ngā kairangahau i te pānga o ngā ira ki tēnei.

Tērā pea ka pāngia ētahi tāngata e te hyperopia nā ētahi āhuatanga ira, pērā i te `(Achromatopsia)`, `(Down syndrome)`, me te `(Fragile X syndrome)`.

He aha ngā raruraru pea ka pā mai i tēnei mate?

Ka taea e te tirohanga tawhiti te whakaputa i ngā tohu whakararuraru pērā i te ānini, ā, ka uaua ai te mahi i ngā mahi o ia rā.

Ina koa mō ngā tamariki nohinohi , ki te nui rawa te tirohanga tawhiti o te kanohi, ka pāngia rātou e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te amblyopia (ka kore e whanake tika te tirohanga o te kanohi kotahi) te strabismus rānei (ka kore e tohu ngā kanohi e rua ki te ahunga kotahi). Koia te mea nui kia tirohia ō kanohi i te wā tamarikitanga. Ka āwhina tēnei ki te kite i ngā hapa tirohanga pērā i te tirohanga tawhiti i mua i te noho hei raruraru.

Me pēhea koe e mōhio ai mēnā he kanohi tawhiti tōu? He aha ngā whakamātautau?

Ko te huarahi anake hei tino mōhio ko te whai i tētahi whakamātautau kanohi whānui , māmā noa iho, kāore he mamae. Mā te tākuta kanohi, mā te tākuta kanohi rānei tēnei whakamātautau e whakahaere.

I te wā o te whakamātautau, ka tāpirihia e te tākuta he pata rongoā iti ("(ngā pata kanohi)") ki roto i ō kanohi kia nui ake ai ō pupil ("(ngā pupil") . Mā tēnei ka nui ake te mārama e tomo ki roto i te kanohi, ā, ka taea e te tākuta te kite pai ake i ngā wāhanga o muri o te kanohi, pērā i te `(retina)`.

Kātahi ka whakamahia e te tākuta ngā taputapu maha hei tirotiro i ō kanohi, me te tuku i ngā hihi mārama ki aua kanohi, hei tirotiro i te hauora o ngā kanohi. Ehara i te mea ko ngā hapa tirohanga pērā i te tirohanga tawhiti anake ka tirohia, engari mō ngā mate kanohi maha atu anō hoki pērā i te glaucoma me te katarata.

Ki te pāngia koe e te uauatanga, e te pōuri rānei o te tirohanga, kaua e whakaaro noa, "He taumahatanga kanohi noa iho tēnei," engari me tirotiro koe i tō kanohi. I ētahi wā, ko te pōuri o te tirohanga he tohu pea nō tētahi mate kino ake e hiahia ana kia rongoatia tonutia.

He rongoā kei te wātea mō te tirohanga tawhiti? Me pēhea te whakatika i tēnei?

Āe! Ae rawa. He maha ngā huarahi hei whakatika i te tirohanga tawhiti:

• Ngā Mōhiti Tirotiro: Koinei te tikanga māmā rawa, ā, ko te tikanga tino noa. Ka whakarerekētia e ngā karāhe mōhiti te huarahi e arotahi ai te mārama ki roto i te kanohi. Mā te tirohanga tawhiti koe e whakatau te momo karāhe e hiahiatia ana e koe me te roa o te wā e mau ai koe i aua karāhe.
• Ngā karaihe whakapā:He rite tonu te mahi a ēnei ki ngā mōhiti. Ka whakatikahia e rātou te huarahi e uru ai te mārama ki roto i te kanohi. Heoi, he iti ake i ngā karaihe mōhiti, ā, ka mau ki te mata o te karu kanohi. I te nuinga o te wā, he haumaru, he whakamarie hoki. Heoi, kāore pea ētahi tāngata e taea te mau karaihe whakapā nā ngā raruraru pēnei i te kanohi maroke, te mate kanohi rānei.
• Pokanga: Ki te hiahia koe, ka taea hoki e koe te pokanga hei whakatika i tō tirohanga tawhiti. He rerekē ngā momo pokanga i runga i te nui o tō tirohanga tawhiti.
• Hei tauira, ka taea e te tikanga e kiia nei ko te pokanga kanohi LASIK te āwhina i te hunga he iti noa te tirohanga tawhiti. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te whakamahi i te laser hei hanga anō i tō cornea.
• He pai te pokanga whakawhiti arotahi (IOL) mō te hunga he tino pōuri te tirohanga. Ko te tikanga o tēnei ko te tango i tō arotahi tūturu me te whakakapi ki tētahi arotahi horihori (arotahi ā-roto kanohi / IOL).

Me mau mōhiti te hunga katoa he matapō tawhiti?

Me whakatau tēnei e te tākuta kanohi. I ētahi wā, ka taea e ō kanohi te "taurite" ki tētahi taumata ahakoa kāore he mōhiti. Heoi, ki te pāngia koe e ngā tohu, ki te uaua rānei ki te mahi i ō mahi o ia rā, tera pea he pai ake te mau mōhiti. Ko ngā karaihe whakapā tētahi atu kōwhiringa.

Mā tō tākuta koe e āwhina ki te whiriwhiri i te tikanga whakatika tirohanga e pai ana ki a koe, i runga i ngā hiahia o ō kanohi me tō āhua noho.

Ka pai ake aunoa te tirohanga tawhiti?

Kāo, e kore te tirohanga tawhiti e pai ake aunoa me te kore he pokanga. Ahakoa i muri i te pokanga, ka rerekē pea tō tirohanga i roto i te wā. He tukanga taiao tēnei e puta ana i a koe e pakeke haere ana.

Ina mau koe i ngā mōhiti, i ngā karaihe whakapā rānei, ka whakatikatikahia tō tirohanga, ā, ka tika te arotahi o ō kanohi ki te mārama. Engari ina tangohia atu e koe, ka hoki mai pea ō tohu mō te tirohanga tawhiti. Waihoki, i roto i te wā, ka ngoikore haere tō tirohanga, ka pōuri haere. Tērā pea ka kitea e koe kāore ngā mōhiti e mau ana koe i nāianei i te whai hua pērā i mua.

Nō reira, he mea tino nui kia mau tonu ō mōhiti kanohi, ō karāhe whakapā rānei, e ai ki te taunakitanga a tō tākuta . He mea nui anō hoki kia tirohia tonutia ō kanohi kia kitea ai mēnā me whakarerekē te kaha o ō karāhe kanohi.

He huarahi hei aukati i te whanaketanga o te tirohanga tawhiti?

Ki te pono, kāore anō kia kitea he huarahi kua whakamātauhia hei ārai i te tirohanga tawhiti, nā te mea he maha ngā wā e pā ana ki te āhua o te hanganga o te kanohi.

Heoi anō, kei reira ētahi tikanga hei āwhina i a koe ki te pupuri i te hauora whānui o ō kanohi. Ahakoa kāore pea ēnei e ārai i te tirohanga tawhiti, ka taea e rātou te āwhina i te pupuri i te hauora o ō kanohi:

• Kai i ngā kai totika.Mā ngā matūkai pēnei i te huaora A, te huaora C, te huaora E, me te lutein ka āwhina i te tiaki i tō tirohanga. Hei whiwhi i ēnei, me whakauru ngā hua pēnei i te karaka, te karepe, me te rōpere, me ngā huawhenua matomato pēnei i te pīnihi me te kāreti ki roto i tō kai.
• Me tirotiro i ō kanohi i ia wā, kia taea ai e koe te kite i ngā raruraru o te kanohi i mua i te puta o ngā tohu.
• Mauria he mōhiti kanohi, ahakoa i ngā rā kapua. Kōwhiria he mōhiti kanohi e ārai ana i te 99%, neke atu rānei, o ngā hihi ultraviolet (UV) kino o te rā.
• Whakatā noa ō kanohi. Mā te titiro tonu ki te mata rorohiko, ki te waea rānei mō ngā hāora ka pāngia te kanohi. Ka arahi pea tēnei ki ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te "mate tirohanga rorohiko". Mā te hanga i ngā huringa iti ki tō mahinga o ia rā, ka taea e koe te ārai, te whakaiti rānei i ēnei mamae.

Āhea koe me haere ki te whakamātautau kanohi?

Mena kei a koe ngā tohu o te tirohanga tawhiti, o ētahi atu raruraru tirohanga rānei, me toro atu ki te tākuta. He tohu whakatūpato pea te tirohanga pōuri mō ngā momo raruraru. Nō reira, he mea nui kia rapu tohutohu hauora kia kitea ai te take o ō tohu.

Ahakoa kāore he raruraru tirohanga āu, he mea nui tonu kia tirohia ō kanohi i ia wā. E ai ki te American Optometric Association, koinei te auau o te tirotiro kanohi mō te hunga kāore he tohu:

• Pēpi: I mua i te rā whānau tuatahi (ko te pai ake i waenga i te 6 me te 12 marama).
• Tamariki nohinohi: Kia kotahi te whakamātautau i waenga i te 3 me te 5 tau te pakeke, ā, kotahi i te tau.
• Ngā pakeke i waenga i te 18 me te 64 tau: Kia kotahi te iti rawa i ia rua tau.
• Ngā pakeke 65 tau te pakeke, neke atu rānei: Kotahi te wā i te tau.

I runga i te hauora o ō kanohi me tō tūponotanga ki te pāngia e te mate kanohi, me nui ake pea ō tirotiro hauora. Mā tō tākuta koe e kī atu ki te auau o tō haerenga mai. Kia mahara ki te whai i aua tohutohu, ā, me haere ki te tirotiro hauora i ngā rā kua whakaritea.

Āhea koe me rapu tohutohu hauora ohorere? (Ohotata)

Ki te pā mai he pōuri, he ngaro rānei tō tirohanga , waea atu ki te 911, ki tō nama urupare ā-rohe rānei. He tohu pea ēnei o ngā mate kino e hiahia ana kia rongoatia mō te wā ohorere, pērā i te "Whawhatu" me te "Wehenga o te Retina".

Hei whakamutunga, ko te mea nui hei maumahara (Karere hei tango ki te kāinga):

Ka pāngia tō mahi me tō hiahia ki te kite i ngā mea e tata ana te uaua ki te kite. Kāore koe e hiahia ki te mamae i ēnei tohu me te pouri e pā mai ana. Mena kei te pōuriuri tō tirohanga, kei te kamo i te wā e pānui ana, kei te ānini rānei tō upoko, kia kite koe i tētahi tākuta kanohi, i tētahi tākuta kanohi rānei.

Ka taea e koe te kimi mēnā he kanohi tawhiti tōu mā roto i ētahi whakamātautau māmā, kāore he mamae. Kātahi ka whakatikahia tō tirohanga e tō tākuta kia mārama ai, kia ngāwari ai hoki tō tirohanga. Nō reira, kaua e mataku, kaua e whakama, tirohia ō kanohi i tēnei rā. Kia pai tō rā!

Tirohanga tawhiti , Hiperopia, Tirohanga kanohi, Tirohanga tata, Mōhiti, Mate kanohi, Whakamātautau kanohi