He mea nui te tote mō ō tātou tinana, tika? Engari e whakaaro ana ētahi ko te kai nui rawa i te tote anake te raruraru. Engari i mōhio koe he tino morearea te hekenga o te nui o te tote, arā, te konutai, i roto i te tinana? Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou ko te hyponatremia i roto i te rongoā. Ahakoa he kupu uaua tēnei, i roto i ngā kupu māmā, ko te tikanga he iti iho te taumata konutai i roto i ō toto i te nui kua tūtohutia. Me kōrero taipitopito atu tātou mō tēnei i tēnei rā, nā te mea he mea tēnei me mōhio tātou katoa.

He aha tonu te hyponatremia?

I te whakarapopototanga, ko te hyponatremia te wā e iti iho ai te konutai o roto i tō toto (te wāhanga matua o te tote e kainga ana e tātou) i te mea noa. Ko te tikanga, e whakaaro ana ngā tākuta ko te hyponatremia he āhuatanga e iti iho ai te taumata konutai i te 135 milliequivalents ia rita (135 mEq/L).

Inaianei pea ka whakaaro koe, "Āe, he pai te iti o te tote, he kino te nui o te tote." Engari, pērā i te nuinga o ngā mea o te ao, ko te taurite te mea nui. Hei pupuri i te hauora o tō tinana, me tino tika te taurite i waenga i te wai me te konutai. Ka taea e ētahi mate, ētahi rongoā rānei te whakararu i tēnei taurite. Ina tupu tēnā, ka taea e te wai nui te neke ki roto i ō pūtau, ka mutu ai tā rātou mahi tika. He tino morearea tēnei mō tō roro.

Mena kei te mahi tika ō whatukuhu, he onge te hekenga o ngā taumata konutai i roto i tō toto nā te nui rawa o te wai e inu ana koe. Heoi, ka pā tēnei ki te mea kua tino matewai koe (pērā i muri i te oma marathon) ā, he wai anake tāu e inu ana, engari kāore e whakakī anō i ō electrolytes (ngā kohuke e hiahiatia ana e tō tinana hei mahi).

Ka taea e te hyponatremia te noho roa , te noho koi rānei. Mēnā kua roa te noho, ka āta puta ngā tohu i te wā e urutau ana te tinana ki ngā taumata konutai iti. Heoi, ki te heke ohorere ngā taumata konutai, ka kaha haere ngā tohu.

He aha ngā momo matua o te hyponatremia?

E toru ngā momo matua o te hyponatremia. Mā te mōhio ki ēnei momo ka āwhina i tō tākuta ki te whakatau he aha te take o tō mate me te maimoatanga e hiahiatia ana.

1. Euvolemic hyponatremia/dilutional hyponatremia: Koinei te wā kāore te nui o te konutai i roto i tō tinana e rerekē, engari ka piki ake te nui o te wai i roto i tō tinana. He rite ki te tāpiri atu i te wai ki tētahi karāhe wai, ā, ka iti haere te tote o te wai.

2. Hypervolemic hyponatremia: I konei, ka piki ake te nui o te wai me te konutai i roto i tō tinana. Heoi, ka nui ake te nui o te wai i te nui o te konutai.

3.Hyponatremia hypovolemic: Koinei te wā e heke ai te nui o te wai me te konutai i roto i tō tinana. Heoi, ka nui ake te hekenga o te nui o te konutai i te nui o te wai.

Ahakoa te āhua hauora o tēnei whakarōpūtanga, he mea tino nui kia kitea te pūtake.

He aha ngā tohu o te Hyponatremia?

Tērā pea ka pāngia te tangata e te hyponatremia e ngā tohu pēnei i:

• Mamae uaua, ngoikore rānei: Tērā pea ka rite ki te ngoikore o ō waewae me ō waewae, me te mea kei te marere atu ētahi wahi kikokiko.
• Whakapairuaki me te ruaki: Tērā pea ka pāngia tō puku e te whakapairuaki, ā, tērā pea ka rite koe ki te ruaki.
• Te hiamoe nui rawa, te ngenge rānei (Lethargy): He āhua o te ngenge tonu, te kore e taea te mahi i tetahi mea.
• Mamae upoko: Tērā pea ka pā mai he mamae upoko nui.
• Te pōhēhē, ngā huringa hinengaro rānei: Ngā mea pēnei i te pōhēhē, te mahi rerekē i tō mua.
• Ngā mate hopuhopu: Ki te kaha rawa te mate, ka rite ki te mate pāwera.

Mena kei a koe tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei tohu, inā koa kei te kino haere, he pai ake te rapu tohutohu hauora.

He aha te take e puta ai te hyponatremia? He aha ngā take?

Ka puta te hyponatremia ina nui rawa te wai o tō tinana, ka memeha ai ō taumata konutai. I ētahi wā, ka puta pea tēnei ahakoa ka ngaro te nui o te konutai (engari he iti noa iho). Heoi, ina kore e taurite te taurite i waenga i te wai me te konutai i roto i tō tinana, ka neke ngā wai ki roto i ō pūtau ka whakararu i tā rātou mahi noa.

Anei ētahi tino take o te hyponatremia:

• SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion): Ka puta tēnei ina nui rawa te homoni e tukuna ana e te tinana e kīia nei ko te Antidiuretic Hormone, e āwhina ana i te tinana ki te pupuri wai. Ka puta te wai i roto i te tinana, ā, ka waimeha te konutai.
• Te ngoikore o te ngākau: Ina ngoikore te ngākau, ka kohia te wai i roto i te tinana, ā, kāore e rere tika.
• Te ngoikore o te whatukuhu: Ko ngā whatukuhu te kaiwhakahaere o te nui o te wai me te tote i roto i te tinana. Ka puta ēnei raruraru ina kore e mahi tika.
• Te mate ate cirrhosis: Ka puta pea tēnei āhuatanga ina pakaru te ate.
• Te mate nephrotic: He mate anō hoki tēnei e pā ana ki ngā whatukuhu.
• Ngā āhuatanga neurological pēnei i ngā pukupuku roro
• Te matewai nui me te inu nui (Polydipsia)
• Te ngoikore o te tairoi (te ngoikore o te mahi o te tairoi)
• Te inu nui rawa i te pia, i ētahi atu waipiro rānei (Beer potomania): Ki tā ētahi he wai anake te raruraru, engari ka pā anō hoki tēnei mēnā ka nui rawa te inu i ngā mea pēnei i te pia.
• Te korere, te ruaki rānei:Nā ēnei ka ngaro te wai me te konutai i te tinana.
• Ētahi rongoā: Hei tauira, ngā rongoā whakaheke toto (e kiia ana ko ngā "pire wai") me ngā rongoā ārai pouri SSRI.
• Ētahi rongoā: Ka puta anō hoki tēnei āhuatanga ina whakamahia ngā rongoā pēnei i te MDMA (e mōhiotia ana e tātou ko "ecstasy" me "molly").

Ko wai kei te nui ake te mōrearea ki te whakawhanake i te hyponatremia?

Mena kei a koe tētahi o ngā āhuatanga kua whakahuatia ake nei, he nui ake te tūponotanga ka pāngia koe e te hyponatremia. Tērā pea ka piki ake tēnei tūponotanga i muri i ētahi pokanga.

Ka taea e te Hyponatremia te whakararu i te ora?

Āe, tino tika. Mēnā ka kino rawa te hyponatremia, ka tīmata te pupuhi o ō kiko, inā koa ō kiko roro, i te wai. Mēnā kāore tēnei e rongoā wawetia, ka arahi pea ki te koma, ki te kino o te roro tuturu, ki te mate rānei. Nō reira, ehara tēnei i te mea hei takaro māu.

Me pēhea te tātaritanga o te Hyponatremia?

Ko te nuinga o ngā tākuta e whakamahi ana i ngā whakamātautau toto me te mimi hei tātaritanga i te hyponatremia. Ka tirohia e ēnei ngā taumata o te konutai, te pāhare pāporo, ētahi homoni, me ētahi atu matū i roto i tō tinana. Ka tirohia hoki e rātou te pai o te mahi a ō whatukuhu me tō ate. I runga i ō tohumate, ka tono pea tō tākuta i tētahi matawai CT, i tētahi hihi-X rānei o te uma.

Hei tāpiri, ka pātai pea te tākuta ki a koe i ētahi mea pēnei i:

• He aha te momo hākinakina e takarohia ana e koe, ā, me pēhea te whakangungu?
• He aha ngā rongoā e whakamahia ana e koe?
• He aha ngā mate, ngā pokanga rānei kei a koe i nāianei, i pāngia rānei koe i mua?
• E hia te nui o te waipiro e inuhia ana e koe?

Mā ēnei mōhiotanga katoa ka āwhina i te tākuta kia mārama ake ai koe ki tō āhua tuturu.

Me pēhea te rongoā mō te Hyponatremia?

Ko te maimoatanga mō te hyponatremia ka whakawhirinaki ki te take me te momo hyponatremia kei a koe. Ko ngā kōwhiringa maimoatanga pea ko:

• Te whakawhāiti i te inu wai: I ētahi wā, mā te whakaiti i te inu wai ka āwhina i te whakahaere i te mate.
• Te whakarerekē i ngā rongoā e tangohia ana e koe: I ētahi wā ka kī atu pea tō tākuta kia mutu te tango i tētahi rongoā, kia whakarerekē rānei i te horopeta.
• Te hoatu wai i roto i te uaua (wai IV): Te hoatu i ngā mea pēnei i te tote ki roto i te tinana mā roto i te uaua.
• Ngā rongoā motuhake e hoatu ana ki te hunga he iti te taumata konutai: Hei tauira, `(Tolvaptan)` `(Conivaptan)` rānei.

Ka rongoā anō hoki e te tākuta ngā āhuatanga hauora e pā ana ki te hyponatremia.

Ngā raruraru pea i te wā e rongoatia ana

He tino tupato ngā tākuta i te wā e rongoā ana i te hyponatremia kia kaua e piki ohorere ngā taumata konutai ki runga ake i te taumata kua tūtohutia. Nā te mea ki te tere rawa te pikinga o ngā taumata konutai i roto i te tinana,, ka pā mai pea ngā pānga kino, mōrearea hoki ki te ora, pērā i te "Central pontine myelinolysis" me te "Osmotic demyelination syndrome" rānei, ka kino ai te roro. Koia te take, ki te whakaaro koe he hyponatremia tōu, me toro atu koe ki te tākuta tonu.

Ka taea te ārai i te hyponatremia?

Ahakoa kāore e taea te ārai katoa, ka taea e koe te mahi i ēnei hei whakaiti i tō tupono:

• Kaua e inu nui rawa i te pia, i ētahi atu inu waipiro rānei.
• Inuhia te nui o te wai e hiainu ana koe (ki te kore koe e kī atu i tētahi atu mea e tō tākuta). E whakaaro ana ētahi me inu koe i te nui o te wai i te rā, engari kāore tēnā i te pono. Ko te hiainu te tohu pai rawa atu.
• Kaua e whakamahi i ngā raau taero pēnei i te MDMA.
• I a koe e whakakorikori tinana ana, e whakataetae ana rānei i ngā hākinakina, kaua e inu wai anake, engari inuhia ngā inu kei roto ngā electrolytes (hei tauira, ngā inu hākinakina). Engari kāore ēnei i te pai mōu.
• Mena he mate hauora tōu e whakanui ake ai i tō mōrearea ki te hyponatremia, kōrero ki tō tākuta mō te huarahi pai ki te whakahaere i taua mate.
• Kai i tētahi kai taurite, inā koa ko tētahi e whai kiko ana i te pūmua.

He aha taku e tumanako atu ai mēnā he hyponatremia tōku?

Ko te tirohanga mō te hyponatremia e whakawhirinaki ana ki te pūtake. Ka taea e te nuinga o te tangata te ora katoa mēnā ka tere te rongoā. Heoi, ki te kore e tere te rongoā i tētahi āhuatanga pēnei i te pupuhi roro, ka taea e ia te pā kino tuturu.

Engari i ētahi wā, ko te hyponatremia he tohu kei te kino haere tētahi mate hauora. I te nuinga o te wā, he paku teitei ake te mate o te hunga whai mate tākihi, mate ate rānei i te hunga e pāngia ana e te hyponatremia nā ētahi atu take.

Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta?

Mena he mate hauora tōu e whakanui ake ana i tō mōrearea ki te hyponatremia, kōrero ki tō tākuta mō tēnā. Ka taea e ia te āwhina i a koe ki te whakahaere i tō mate me te kī atu ki a koe he aha ngā tohu hei tirotiro māu.

I roto i te hyponatremia mau tonu, ka puta mai, ka ngaro atu pea ngā tohu. Hei tauira, te ngenge tonu, te uaua ki te arotahi, me ētahi atu. Ki te kite koe i ētahi huringa i roto i tō tinana, inā koa ka kino haere i roto i te wā, he mea pai kia kōrero ki tō tākuta.

Āhea ahau me haere ki te Wāhanga Maimoatanga Ohotata (ETU) ?

Mena ka pāngia koe, tetahi atu rānei e mōhio ana koe e tētahi o ēnei tohu, haere tonu ki te rūma whawhati tata:

• Pōhēhētanga
• Ngā mate hopuhopu/ngā mate pāwera
• Te uaua ki te ara ake i te moe
• He tino mamae te upoko
• Te ruaki nui, te korere rānei

I tēnei wā, kaua e tatari ki te kāinga.

He aha ngā pātai me pātai atu e au ki taku tākuta?

Ina kite koe i tētahi tākuta, he pai pea te pātai i ēnei pātai:

• He aha i pā ai tēnei ki ahau?
• He aha taku e taea ai hei ārai i tēnei ā muri ake nei?
• He aha ngā tohu whakatūpato wawe o te hyponatremia?
• Me pēhea taku tango tika i aku rongoā?
• Kia hia te wai me inu e au i te rā?

Me nui ake taku kai tote mēnā he iti taku konutai?

Mena he iti te taumata o te konutai i roto i tō toto, me whai tonu koe i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta. Ko te maimoatanga kei runga i te take. Ki te nui rawa te tote e kainga ana e koe, ka ara ake pea ētahi atu raruraru hauora.

He maha ngā wā ka whakaarohia e tātou he mea kino te tote. Engari, pērā i ngā mea katoa, ko te taurite te mea nui. Ka taea e te iti rawa o te konutai te arahi ki ngā raruraru hauora nui. He mate noa te hyponatremia, ā, ki te tere te rongoā, ka taea e te nuinga o te tangata te ora katoa. Engari nā te mea he maha ngā take, ko te whakahaere i ō mate hauora me ō rongoā te huarahi pai ki te whakaiti i tō mōrearea. Mena he pātai, he āwangawanga rānei āu, kaua e mangere ki te pātai ki te tākuta.

Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga

Āe, kua mārama kē koe ki tā tātou i kōrero ai i tēnei rā, arā, te Hyponatremia. Ko ngā mea nui hei maumahara māu ko:

• He mea tino nui te taurite o te konutai me te wai i roto i te tinana. Mēnā he nui rawa, he iti rawa rānei o tēnei, ka pā mai he raruraru.
• Ko te hyponatremia he hekenga o ngā taumata konutai i roto i te toto. He maha ngā take o tēnei.
• Ki te puta ngā tohu (pēnei i te wiri o te uaua, te whakapairuaki, te pōhēhē, te ānini), ina koa ka kino rawa, ka piki haere rānei, me rapu tohutohu hauora tonu.
• Kaua e kai tote i tāu e pai ai, me te kore e kōrero ki te tākuta.
• He mea nui kia tika te whakahaere i ngā āhuatanga hauora o raro (pēnei i te mate manawa, te mate tākihi) me te tūpato ki ngā rongoā e tangohia ana e koe.
• Mā te maimoatanga wawe ka taea te whakaora. Nō reira kaua e mataku, me toro atu ki te tākuta ina ruarua koe.

He mea tika kia tiakina tō ake hauora!

Hyponatremia , iti te konutai, iti te tote i roto i te toto, maroke te tinana, ngā electrolytes, te taurite wai o te tinana, te pupuhi o te roro