He maha ngā tāngata o tō tātou whenua e mōhio ana ki te kupu 'cholesterol' i ēnei rā, kāore? He maha ā tātou rongonga i ngā kupu pēnei i te 'He nui tōku cholesterol', 'Kaua e kai i ngā kai hinuhinu, kei pāngia koe e te cholesterol'. Engari he aha rawa tēnei cholesterol? He aha i kino ai? He tokomaha kāore e mōhio ana ki tēnei. Ko te mea tino kino ko te kore o te tinana e whakaatu i ngā tohu ahakoa he nui te cholesterol. Koia te mea nui kia tino mōhio tātou ki tēnei hoariri puku.
He aha rawa te cholesterol?
He kupu ngāwari, he momo ngako kei roto i ō tātou toto te cholesterol. E hiahiatia ana hei hanga pūtau, hei tiaki i ngā io, hei whakaputa homoni. Engari ka tīmata te raruraru ina nui rawa te cholesterol.
E rua ngā momo matua o te cholesterol:
1. Ko te cholesterol LDL (Low-density lipoprotein): Koinei te mea e kiia nei e tātou he cholesterol "kino" . Pērā i te paru e mau ana i roto i te paipa wai, ka hanga ake tēnei cholesterol LDL ki runga i ngā pakitara o ō tātou oko toto, ka whakawhāiti, ka ārai hoki i a rātou.
2. Ko te cholesterol HDL (High-density lipoprotein): Ka kiia tēnei ko te cholesterol "pai" . Mā te tango i te cholesterol LDL kino mai i ngā oko toto ka horoi. He rite ki te kaihoroi.
Haunga ēnei e rua, kei roto i ō tātou toto tētahi atu momo ngako e kiia nei ko ngā triglycerides . Pērā i te LDL, ina teitei ake ēnei, ka piki ake te mōrearea o te mate ngakau.
I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakaputahia e tō tātou ate te cholesterol e hiahiatia ana e tātou. Engari ka whiwhi anō tātou i te cholesterol tāpiri mai i ngā kai e kainga ana e tātou, inā koa ngā kai tukatuka (hei tauira, ngā tōnati, te pīta tio, ngā pihikete, ngā pēti, ngā rōra) me ngā kai kararehe (miraka, hua manu, mīti). I roto i te wā, ka tīmata pea tēnei cholesterol tāpiri ki te kino i ō tātou tinana me te kore e mōhiotia e tātou.
He aha ngā tohu o te cholesterol tiketike?
Koinei te mea tino nui. Ahakoa he teitei tō cholesterol, kāore pea koe e whakaatu i tētahi tohu. Tērā pea he tino teitei ō taumata cholesterol i roto i tō tinana, me te kore e mōhio.
Nō reira, ko te huarahi anake hei mōhio ki te nui o te cholesterol i roto i tō tinana ko te whakamātautau toto.
Mā te mōhio ki ēnei uara ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakaiti i tō tupono ki te mate ngakau. Mena kei a koe kē te mate ngakau, mā te whakaheke i tō cholesterol ka āwhina i te whakaiti i tō tupono ki te mate ngakau, ki te mate rānei e pā ana ki tēnā.
Me pēhea te mōhio ki te taumata o te cholesterol?
Mena kei runga ake koe i te 20 tau te pakeke, ka tūtohu ngā tākuta kia tirohia ō taumata cholesterol i te iti rawa i ia 5 tau . Ka mahia tēnei mā te whakamātautau toto māmā e kiia nei ko te kōtaha lipid . Ka whakaatuhia e tēnei whakamātautau ngā mea e whai ake nei mōu:
- Taumata cholesterol katoa
- Te taumata o te cholesterol LDL (kino)
- Te taumata cholesterol HDL (pai)
- Ngā taumata triglyceride
He mea nui kia tirohia tō cholesterol ahakoa mō ngā tamariki. E taunakihia ana kia tirohia te cholesterol o ngā tamariki i waenga i te 9 me te 11 tau te pakeke. Heoi, ki te mea kei a koe tētahi o ngā āhuatanga mōrearea e whai ake nei, he mea nui kia tirohia wawe atu (i waenga i te 2 me te 10 tau te pakeke).
| Ngā āhuatanga mōrearea e hiahia ana kia whakamātauria wawe te cholesterol i roto i ngā tamariki | |
|---|---|
| Hītori whānau | Mena kua pāngia te whaea, te kuia rānei e te mate manawa, te whiu, te aukati rānei i ngā oko toto i mua i te 65 tau te pakeke. Mena kua pāngia te matua, te koroua rānei e tēnei mate i mua i te 55 tau te pakeke. Mena he nui ake te taumata cholesterol o te matua, o te koroua rānei i te 240 mg/dL. |
| Ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora | Kei a koe ētahi atu āhuatanga e pā ana ki te mate ngakau, pērā i te toto toto tiketike, te mate huka, me te momona. |
Mā ō taumata cholesterol koe me tō tākuta e āwhina ki te whakatau i te mōrearea o te mate ngakau, me ngā huarahi pai hei whakaheke i taua mōrearea. Hei tauira, mēnā he 190 mg/dL, neke atu rānei, te taumata LDL o te pakeke, e kiia ana he tino teitei. Ka kōrero tō tākuta ki a koe mō te tīmata rongoā hei whakaheke i taua mōrearea. Waihoki, mēnā he 60 mg/dL, neke atu rānei, te taumata HDL (pai), ka whakaitihia tō mōrearea o te mate ngakau.
He aha ngā take o te cholesterol teitei?
He maha ngā āhuatanga ka piki ake, ka heke iho rānei ngā taumata cholesterol.
Kai
- Ngako kukū me ngā warowaihā māmā: Mā te whakaiti i ngā kai he nui ēnei ka āwhina i te whakaheke i ngā taumata cholesterol toto.
- Ngako whakawhiti: Āta karohia ngā ngako whakawhiti hangai. Ka piki ake te cholesterol i ēnei. Tirohia ngā tapanga o ngā kai tunutunu, ngā kai maeneene, te piza tio, te pata, me ētahi atu. Mena kei te tapanga "Partially hydrogenated," ko te tikanga kei roto ngā ngako whakawhiti.
- Ngako pai (Ngako kore kukū): Kāore ēnei e whakapiki i ngā taumata cholesterol. Kei roto i ngā mea pēnei i te nati, te ika, te hinu huawhenua, te hinu oriwa, me te āwōkātō ēnei ngako pai.
- Huka: Mā te kai me te inu nui rawa i te huka ka piki ake ō taumata triglyceride.
- Muka: Ka āwhina ngā kai he nui te muka ki te whakaheke i ngā taumata cholesterol. Ka kitea te muka i roto i ngā pīni, huawhenua, hua rākau, nati, me ngā witi katoa.
Te āhua noho me ētahi atu āhuatanga
- Taumaha nui: Ko te taumaha nui he take mōrearea mō te mate ngakau. Ka piki ake hoki ngā taumata cholesterol. Mā te whakaiti i te taumaha ka āwhina i te whakaheke i ngā taumata LDL, cholesterol katoa, me te triglyceride.
- Whakakorikori Tinana: Mā te whakakorikori tinana auau ka taea te whakaiti i te cholesterol LDL kino me te whakanui ake i te cholesterol HDL pai. Whai kia rua hāora me te hawhe te iti rawa o te whakakorikori tinana ngāwari, pērā i te hikoi tere, ia wiki.
- Te Momi hikareti: Ka taea e te momi hikareti te whakanui ake i te taumata o te ngako toto (triglyceride) me te whakaheke i te taumata o te cholesterol HDL pai.
- Te pakeketanga me te ira tuku iho: Ka piki ake ngā taumata cholesterol i a tātou e pakeke haere ana. I ētahi wā ka taea e te cholesterol teitei te tuku iho.
- Ētahi atu āhuatanga hauora me ngā rongoā: Ka piki ake te cholesterol nā ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te hypothyroidism, te mate ate, te mate tākihi, me ētahi rongoā pēnei i te steroids.
Ngā rongoā e whakaiti ana i te cholesterol
Mena kāore e ranea ngā huringa āhua noho anake hei whakahaere i tō cholesterol, ka tūtohu pea tō tākuta i tētahi rongoā. Ko te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu ka whakawhirinaki ki tō mōrearea whānui ki te mate ngakau.
| Kāwai rongoā | Ngā mahi me ngā tauira |
|---|---|
| Ngā Statins | Koinei ngā momo rongoā e whakamahia whānuitia ana. Ka ārai i te hanga o te cholesterol i roto i te ate. Hei tauira: Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin, Simvastatin. |
| Niacin | He huaora B tēnei. Ka whakaiti i te LDL, ka whakapiki i te HDL. |
| Ngā mea e pupuri ana i te waikawa ape | Ka herea ki te au o te ate i roto i te pūnaha nakunaku, ā, ka ārai i te mimiti anō o te cholesterol. |
| Ngā Fibrates | He tino āwhina ki te whakaiti i ngā taumata triglyceride. |
| Ngā aukati mimiti cholesterol | Ka ārai i te mimiti o te cholesterol mai i ngā whekau. Hei tauira: Ezetimibe. |
He mea nui: Ki te pāngia koe e te mamae uaua kāore i te mārama i a koe e tango ana i te rongoā whakaheke cholesterol, waea atu ki tō tākuta tonu, he tohu pea tēnei mō tētahi mate kino.
Hei tāpiritanga, ka pāngia pea ētahi tāngata e ngā pānga taha pēnei i ngā panonitanga o te mahi ate, te mamae o te puku, me te mate puku. Kaua hoki e inu wai karepe i te wā e tango ana i tēnei rongoā. Ka pā pea ki te mahi a te rongoā.
Ngā raruraru i puta mai i te cholesterol tiketike
Ina piki te cholesterol, ka whakatakotoria ki runga i ngā pakitara o ngā oko toto, ka āta whakawhāiti, ka mātotoru haere ngā oko toto. Ka kiia tēnei mate ko te atherosclerosis . Ina whakawhāitihia ngā oko toto pēnei, ka āraihia te rere o te toto. Ka whiwhi ngā wāhanga o te tinana, tae atu ki tō tātou ngākau, i te hāora e hiahiatia ana e rātou mai i te toto. Ka puta ngā raruraru ina āraihia te rere o tēnei toto.
- Te toto toto tiketike: Me kaha ake te mahi a te ngākau ki te pupuhi toto i roto i ngā uaua kua whaiti.
- Mamae o te uma (Angina): Ka puta mai ina kore e nui te toto me te hāora e whiwhi ana te uaua o te ngakau.
- Te whakaeke ngakau me te whiu: Ka puta pea tēnei ina pakaru tetahi wahi ngako, ina puta rānei he toto totoka, ka ārai katoa i te oko toto e anga atu ana ki te ngakau, ki te roro rānei.
- Mate o te uaua taha (PAD): Te aukati i ngā uaua e tuku toto ana ki ngā waewae me ngā waewae.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Ahakoa te teitei o te cholesterol, kāore he tohu. Nō reira, he mea tino nui kia whai whakamātautau toto auau.
- Kia tūpato ki ō taumata cholesterol "pai" (HDL) me te "kino" (LDL). Ko te whāinga kia whakaitihia te LDL kino, kia whakanuia hoki te HDL pai.
- Ko te kai hauora (he iti te ngako me te huka, he nui te muka) me te whakakori tinana auau ngā mahi matua hei whakahaere i te cholesterol.
- Ki te tohua he rongoā e te tākuta, me tango e koe i runga i te whakahaunga, ā, i te wā tika hoki.
- Me kōrero noa ki tō tākuta mō ō taumata cholesterol, ngā āhuatanga mōrearea, me te mahere maimoatanga.
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