Tērā pea ka pāngia koe e te mamae, e te kōkō rānei i roto i tō korokoro i ētahi wā, tika? I te nuinga o te wā, ka ngaro atu ēnei āhuatanga i roto i ngā rā e rua, e toru rānei. Engari kua whakaaro koe mēnā he mamae tō korokoro, he puku iti rānei i roto i tō kaki e mau tonu ana mō ngā wiki, ehara i te mea noa? I ēnei wā, me tūpato tātou. I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi āhuatanga ka tīmata pea me ēnei tohu, engari kāore tātou e kōrero nui mōna, arā, ko te mate pukupuku e puta ana i waenganui o te korokoro.
He aha te Matepukupuku Oro-pharyngeal?
He ingoa pūtaiao tēnei, engari he tino māmā noa iho te mārama. Ko tō korokoro, e kiia nei i roto i te rongoā ko te pharynx, ko te wāhanga waenganui o taua korokoro, e kiia nei e tātou ko te oropharynx. Hei whakamārama, kei roto i tēnei wāhi te tuara o tō waha, tae atu ki ō tonsils, te tuara o tō arero, me te waha ngohengohe. Ina tīmata ngā pūtau o tēnei wāhi ki te tipu rerekē, ki te kore e taea te whakahaere, ka kiia ko te Matepukupuku Oropharyngeal .
Kei roto tēnei i te kāwai o te mate pukupuku o te upoko me te kaki. Ahakoa he maimoatanga mō tēnei mate pukupuku, ka taea tonu te hoki mai anō ahakoa kua oti te maimoatanga. Nō reira, he mea tino nui kia mōhio koe ki tēnei.
Kia tūpato ki ēnei tohu.
He rite tonu ngā tohu o tēnei mate pukupuku ki ērā o te mate korokoro noa, koia te take e kore ai e arohia e te tini o te tangata i te tuatahi. Engari ki te mau tonu ēnei tohu, me toro atu koe ki tō tākuta.
Ko te mea nui, ki te mea kei a koe tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei tohu, kaua e mataku. Ehara i te mea ko te mate pukupuku te pūtake o ēnei tohu katoa. Heoi, he mea whakaaro nui kia rapu tohutohu hauora.
| Tohu | He whakamārama māmā |
|---|---|
| Te korokoro mamae tonu | He korokoro mamae e mau tonu ana mō ngā wiki e rua ki te toru neke atu, ahakoa kua tangohia he rongoā. |
| Te uaua, te mamae rānei i te horomitanga (Dysphagia) | Te rongo i te puku i te korokoro, te mamae rānei i te horomitanga o te kai, o te inu rānei. |
| Te kore e taea te whakatuwhera katoa i te waha (Trismus) | Te kore e taea te whakatuwhera tika i te waha nā te mamae, te pakari rānei o te kauae i te wā e whakatuwhera ana i te waha. |
| Te ngaronga taumaha mō te kore take | Mena ka heke te taumaha o tō tinana, kāore he take, ahakoa kāore koe e kai nui ana, e whakakori tinana rānei. |
| Te huringa o te reo | Ka huri tonu tō reo, me te mea kei te pāoro haere, kei te taitamariki haere. |
| Mamae taringa | He mamae taringa mau tonu, engari kāore he mate taringa. |
| He puku i te korokoro, i te kaki rānei | He puku e taea te whawha ki roto i te waha, i muri i te waha, i waho rānei o te kaki. |
| Te maremare toto | He toto iti, he toto rānei me te hūpē. |
| Ngā ira mā i roto i te waha, i te arero rānei | He pātītī mā e puta ana i ngā kiriuhi o roto i te waha, i te arero rānei, ā, kāore e memeha ahakoa i ata whakaarohia. |
He aha te take e puta ai tēnei mate pukupuku? He aha ngā tino take?
He maha ngā tino take o tēnei mate pukupuku kua tautuhia.
1. Te Papillomavirus Tangata (HPV)
Ko te tino take o te mate pukupuku waha me te mate pukupuku waha i ēnei rā koTe mate HPV, inā koa te momo HPV 16. Ina uru mai tēnei huaketo ki roto i ō tātou tinana, ka whakararuraru ētahi o ngā pūmua e whakaputaina ana e ia i te mahi a ngā ira e whakahaere ana i te tipu o ngā pūtau i roto i tō tātou waha me tō tātou korokoro. He māmā noa iho, ka whakawetohia e tēnei huaketo te 'pēhi' e whakahaere ana i te tere o te wehenga o ngā pūtau. Kātahi ka taea e ngā pūtau te wehenga kore e taea te whakahaere, ka huri hei pukupuku matepukupuku.
2. Te whakamahi tupeka (Tupeka)
Ko te momi hikareti, te hikā, me te ngaungau tupeka ētahi atu tino take o tēnei mate pukupuku. Ka kino ngā matū o te tupeka i ngā pūtau ngawari o tō korokoro. Hei whakatika i ēnei pūtau kua pakaru, ka tīmata te wehenga o ngā pūtau i tō tinana kia tere ake i te tikanga. Ina tere te wehenga o ngā pūtau, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o ngā hapa i roto i te tāruatanga DNA o aua pūtau. Ko aua hapa te tīmatanga o ngā pūtau mate pukupuku.
3. Waipiro
Ka taea e te inu waipiro te kino i ngā pūtau o te korokoro. Ina koa, ka ngoikore te kaha o ngā pūtau ki te whakatika i ō rātou DNA ina pakaru. Ko te tangata e inu waipiro ana i a ia e momi hikareti ana he tino nui te mōrearea ki te pāngia e tēnei mate pukupuku. Nā te mea ina whakakotahihia ēnei tikanga e rua, ka rua, ka toru rānei te kino o ngā pūtau.
Me pēhea te tautuhi tika a te tākuta i tēnei mate?
Ina kite koe i tētahi tākuta me ngā tohu i whakahuatia ake nei e koe, ka pātai tuatahi ia ki a koe mō ō tohu, tō hītori hauora, me tō āhua noho (pēnei i te momi hikareti me te inu waipiro).
Kātahi ka tirotirohia tō waha, tō korokoro, me tō kaki. Ka tirohia tō kaki mō ngā puku. I ētahi wā, ka whakaurua pea he whakaata iti me te mārama, he ngongo angiangi, ngāwari rānei me te kāmera e piri ana (he tirohanga muka whatu) ki roto i tō waha hei tirotiro i te roto o tō korokoro.
He aha ngā whakamātautau e mahia ana?
Mena ka whakapaetia he mate pukupuku koe i muri i ngā tohu me te whakamātautau tuatahi, ka tukuna koe e tō tākuta mō ētahi atu whakamātautau.
- Koiora Endoscopic: Koinei te whakamātautau tino nui hei whakaū i te mate. I roto i tēnei, ka tukuna he ngongo angiangi me te kāmera e piri ana ki a ia (endoscope) ki raro i te korokoro, ā, ka tangohia he wahi kiko iti rawa mai i te wāhi whakapae. Kātahi ka tirohia te kiko i raro i te karuārai i roto i te taiwhanga hei whakatau mēnā he pūtau matepukupuku, he huaketo HPV rānei.
- Matawai CT (Matawai Tomography Rorohiko): Ka taea e tēnei matawai te whakatau i te rahi o te pukupuku matepukupuku me te mea kua horapa ki ngā kiko e karapoti ana. I ētahi wā ka taea tēnei te mahi tahi me te matawai PET.
- Matawai MRI (Matawai Whakaahua Āhua Aukume): Ka taea e tēnei te whakaputa whakaahua tino mārama o ngā kiko ngohengohe o te tinana, pērā i ngā tonsil me te turanga o te arero. He tino āwhina te MRI ki te mārama tika ki te rahi me te horapa o te pukupuku.
He aha ngā maimoatanga mō tēnei?
He maha ngā āhuatanga e whakawhirinaki ana ki te maimoatanga mō tēnei mate pukupuku, tae atu ki te wāhanga o te mate pukupuku, te rahi o te puku, te āhua o te HPV o te tūroro, me tōna hauora whānui. Ko te whāinga matua o te maimoatanga he tango katoa i ngā pūtau mate pukupuku, me te iti rawa o te kino ki te kaha ki te kōrero me te horomi.
1. Pokanga
Mena he iti te mate pukupuku, ā, kāore anō kia horapa, ko te tango pokanga te maimoatanga matua. I tēnei wā, he tikanga pokanga tino matatau, he iti noa te whakaekenga e kiia nei ko te Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS) e whakamahia ana mō tēnei.
He aha te Pokanga Robotic Whakawhiti-waha (TORS)?
I tēnei mahi, ka whakahaerehia e te taote pokanga tētahi ringa karetao, ā, ka tomo ki roto i te waha o te tūroro ki te tango i ngā pukupuku kei roto i te korokoro. Mā tēnei tikanga ka kore e hiahiatia he tapahi nui ki te kaki, ki te tapahi rānei i te kauae pērā i ngā wā o mua.
| Ngā painga me ngā pānga taha o te pokanga TORS | |
|---|---|
| Ngā Painga | Ngā Pānga/Ngā Raruraru Pea |
| - He iti ake te wā e noho ana i te hōhipera. | - Te toto rerekē (hemorrhagic). |
| - Te kaha ki te ora wawe. | - Te kai me te inu e tomo ana ki roto i ngā pukahukahu (te mimiti). |
| - He iti ake te kino ki ngā kiko hauora e karapoti ana. | - Te uaua ki te horomi (dysphagia). |
| - He iti ake ngā raruraru roa mō te kōrero me te horomi. | - Te ngaronga o te reo tuturu, te uaua rānei ki te kōrero. |
2. Te Whakaora Irahiko me te Whakaora Kemo
Mena he nui te puku, kāore e taea te tango mā te pokanga, kua horapa rānei te matepukupuku, ka whakamahia ngātahi, ka whakamahia motuhake rānei te rongoā irahiko me te rongoā matū.
- I mua i te pokanga: Hei whakaiti i te puku, hei whakangāwari hoki i te pokanga.
- I muri i te pokanga: Hei whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku e toe ana.
- Hei maimoatanga matua: mēnā kāore e taea te pokanga.
Ka taea hoki e ēnei maimoatanga te kino i ngā kiko hauora o te korokoro, ka uaua ai te kōrero me te horomi. Me rapu āwhina pea koe i tētahi kaiwhakaora kōrero.
3. Te Whakaora Whaiaro
He maimoatanga hou tēnei. Ko te tikanga he hoatu rongoā e aro ana ki tētahi pūmua motuhake e āwhina ana i ngā pūtau matepukupuku kia tipu, kia wehe, kia horapa, kia aukati hoki i tana mahi. He rite ki te tapahi i te 'hinu' e haere ana ki te 'mīhini' o ngā pūtau matepukupuku.
4. Te rongoā ārai mate
He maimoatanga tino matatau anō hoki tēnei. Ko te mea e tupu ana i konei ko te whakaohooho i te pūnaha ārai mate o tō tinana ake, ā, mā roto i tēnei, ka hangaia kia kite me te whakangaro i ngā pūtau matepukupuku. I ētahi wā ka 'huna' ngā pūtau matepukupuku mai i tō tātou pūnaha ārai mate. Ko tā tēnei maimoatanga he tango i taua 'kanohi' ka tuku i ngā pūtau ārai mate kia kite i te matepukupuku.
He aha ngā mea ka tupu i muri i te maimoatanga? He aha ngā tūponotanga o te ora?
He mate ka taea te rongoā i te mate pukupuku waha. Heoi, tera pea ka hoki anō mai i muri i te maimoatanga. Nō reira , he mea nui kia toro atu ki te tākuta i ia wā.
Ko te matapae mate ka whakawhirinaki ki ētahi āhuatanga:
- Te kitenga wawe: Pērā i ngā mate pukupuku katoa, ko te wawe o te kitenga me te tīmatanga o te maimoatanga, ka nui ake te tūponotanga o te ora.
- Tūnga HPV: He mea whakamiharo, ko te ōrau oranga o te hunga e pāngia ana e tēnei mate pukupuku nā te mate HPV he teitei ake i te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate pukupuku nā ngā āhuatanga ehara i te HPV, pērā i te momi hikareti.
- Te kore momi hikareti: He pai ake ngā hua o te hunga e kore rawa e momi hikareti i te wā e rongoatia ana, ā, i muri hoki i te maimoatanga.
Me aha tātou kia ora ai i tēnei mate pukupuku?
Ahakoa kāore e taea te ārai i tēnei mate pukupuku 100%, he maha ngā mea ka taea e tātou te mahi hei whakaiti i te mōrearea.
1. Ārai i te mate HPV: He kano ārai mate tino whai hua tēnei mō te huaketo HPV, arā, te kano ārai mate HPV. Kōrero ki tō tākuta mō te whiwhi i tēnei kano ārai mate i te wā taitamariki.
2. Kati rawa te kai hikareti: Ki te mea he kai hikareti koe, ngana ki te whakamutu i tēnei rā tonu. Ki te hiahia āwhina koe, rapua he tohutohu hauora.
3. Whakawhāitihia te inu waipiro: Ki te inu waipiro koe, me mahi i te iti noa iho. He tino morearea te whakakotahi i te waipiro me te momi hikareti.
4. He momo noho hauora: Mā te kai i tētahi kai taurite me te whakakori tinana i ngā wā katoa ka kaha tonu tō pūnaha ārai mate.
5. Tirohia tō tākuta me tō niho i ia wā, i te iti rawa kotahi i te tau, kia tirohia ai tō waha me tō korokoro. Mā tēnei ka āwhina i a koe ki te kite wawe i ngā huringa.
Āhea ahau me toro atu ki te tākuta? Me haere ahau ki te ETU?
He mea tino nui kia ata whai i ngā tohutohu a tō tākuta me ngā whakaritenga whai muri i te maimoatanga.
Mena kua pokangahia koe, ā, ka pāngia koe e ngā tohu e whai ake nei, haere tonu ki te Tari Ohotata (ETU) o te hōhipera.
- Te kirika.
- Te whero, te pupuhi, te mamae nui rānei i te wāhi i pokangahia.
- Ka maringi mai he wai rite ki te pūhā mai i te patunga pokanga.
Karere Tangohia ki te Kāinga
- Kaua e warewarehia ngā tohu pēnei i te mamae tonu o te korokoro, te uaua ki te horomi, te rerekētanga o te reo, te pupuhi rānei i tō kaki. Mēnā ka roa ake ēnei tohu mō ngā wiki e rua, me toro atu ki te tākuta.
- I tēnei wā, ko te HPV te tino take o te mate pukupuku o te waha. Ka taea e te kano ārai mate HPV te whakaiti i tēnei mōrearea.
- Ko te momi hikareti me te inu nui i te waipiro ētahi o ngā hoariri nui o tēnei mate pukupuku. Ko te whakakore i ēnei tikanga tētahi o ngā haumitanga nui rawa atu ka taea e koe te mahi.
- He tino matatau, he angitu hoki ngā maimoatanga mō tēnei mate pukupuku, tae atu ki te pokanga, te rongoā irahiko, te rongoā matū, tae atu ki te TORS, te Rongoā Whaiaro, me te Rongoā Ārai Mate.
- Mā te tātaritanga wawe me te maimoatanga tika ka āwhina i te whakaora katoa i tēnei mate. Nō reira, kaua e mataku, ā, ki te mea he ruarua āu, rapua tonutia he tohutohu hauora.
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