I a tāu tamaiti e tipu ake ana, he maha ngā huringa ka pā ki a rātou, i te taha tinana me te taha hinengaro, tika? Koinei te wā e kiia nei ko te pakeketanga. He wā tino taiao, he wā nui hoki tēnei i roto i te oranga o ia tamaiti. Nō reira, me kōrero taipitopito atu tātou mō tēnei. I tēnei wā, ka pā pea ki a kōrua ko tāu tamaiti he maha ngā raruraru. Kaua e manukanuka, me whakamārama e tātou i ngā kupu māmā noa iho.
He aha te tikanga tūturu o te pakeketanga?
I te whakarapopototanga, ko te pakeketanga e pā ana ki ngā huringa ā-tinana me ngā huringa homoni e pā ana ki te tinana o tāu tamaiti i a rātou e whakawhiti ana mai i te tamarikitanga ki te pakeketanga ā-ira tangata. He rite ki te tohu a te taiao ki a koe, "Kua rite koe ki te pakeke." I tēnei wā, ehara i te mea ko te tinana o tāu tamaiti anake e pāngia ana e ngā huringa nui, engari kei te pāngia hoki e ngā huringa nui o ō rātou hinengaro me ngā kare ā-roto. Ko te wā e tīmata ai, e mutu ai hoki ēnei huringa mō ia tamaiti ka rerekē pea i runga i tō rātou ira tangata, iwi, me ngā āhuatanga taiao.
I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka kōrerohia te 'tama' hei tamaiti kua whanake ōna poro, ā, kei te whakaputa i te homoni e kiia nei ko te 'Testosterone'. Ko te 'kōtiro' he tamaiti kua whanake ōna ovaries, ā, kei te whakaputa i te homoni e kiia nei ko te 'Estrogen'. He mea nui kia mahara ka nui ake ngā huringa tinana o ētahi tamariki mēnā ka tangohia e rātou ngā rongoā aukati i te pakeketanga, te rongoā homoni rānei e puta ai ngā āhuatanga wahine/tāne.
He aha te kaupapa o te pakeketanga?
Ko te pakeketanga te tukanga taiao e huri ai te tinana o tāu tamaiti hei pakeke. I tēnei wā, ka pakeke ngā whekau nui me ngā pūnaha tinana o tāu tamaiti, ā, ka whakarite tōna tinana mō te whakaputa uri ā-ira . Ka wheako tāu tamaiti i te tipu nui, ehara i te mea ā-tinana anake, engari ā-hinengaro me ā-wairua hoki.
Engari, kotahi te mea hei maumahara, ahakoa ka pakeke te tamaiti i te wā o te pakeketanga, kāore te whanaketanga o tōna roro e mutu tae noa ki waenganui ki te mutunga o ōna tau rua tekau . Koia te take he mea nui ki a rātou tō tātou ārahi, tō tātou aroha, me tō tātou māramatanga i tēnei wā.
Me pēhea te tīmatanga o te pakeketanga?
He kōrero pūtaiao tēnei, engari māku e whakamārama kia māmā noa iho kia mārama ai koe. He wāhanga motuhake kei roto i te roro o tāu tamaiti e kiia nei ko te "Hypothalamus." Ka tīmata te pakeketanga ina tīmata te "Hypothalamus" ki te whakaputa i tētahi homoni e kiia nei ko te "Gonadotropin-releasing hormone" ko te "GnRH" rānei.
Kātahi ka tukuna e te `(Hypothalamus)` te homoni `(GnRH)` ki tētahi atu wāhanga nui o te roro, te `(Pituitary gland). Kātahi ka tukuna e te `(Pituitary gland)` ētahi atu homoni e rua, te `(Luteinizing hormone)` (`LH`) me te `(Follicle-stimulating hormone)` (`FSH`).
Ka haere ēnei homoni ki ngā gonad ka whakaoho i te tinana – arā, ngā ovaries i roto i ngā kōtiro me ngā testes i roto i ngā tama. Koinei te wā ka tīmata aua repe ki te tuku i ngā homoni ira tangata – ko te estrogen te nuinga i roto i ngā kōtiro me te testosterone i roto i ngā tama. Ko aua homoni te take o ngā huringa tinana me te hinengaro e kitea ana e tātou i te wā o te pakeketanga. He tikanga whakamiharo tēnei?
Āhea ka tīmata te pakeketanga o ngā kōtiro?
Ko te nuinga o ngā kōtiro (ko te hunga he ovaries) ka tīmata te pakeketanga i waenga i te 8 me te 13 tau. E rua tau pea te roa o tēnei i mua atu i ngā tama. Kua whakaatuhia e ētahi rangahau ka tīmata wawe ake te pakeketanga o ngā kōtiro mangu me ngā kōtiro Hispanic i ngā kōtiro mā (tata ki te 7 me te haurua tau te pakeke). Nō reira kaua e mataku mēnā he rerekētanga paku kei waenganui i ngā hoa o tāu tamāhine.
Āhea ka tīmata te pakeketanga o ngā tama?
Ko ngā tama tāne (ko te hunga he rae) ka tīmata te pakeketanga i waenga i te 9 me te 14 tau te pakeke. E rua tau te roa o tēnā i ngā kōtiro. Heoi anō, tera pea ētahi rerekētanga iwi i konei. He nui ake te tūponotanga ka tīmata wawe te pakeketanga o ngā tama pango me ngā tama Hispanic i ngā tama mā.
He aha ēnei e kiia nei ko ngā "Wāhanga Tanner" arā, ngā wāhanga o te pakeketanga ā-ira tangata?
Ko te Tanner Staging, arā, ko te Sexual Maturity Rating (SMR), he tikanga e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta hei tuhi me te aroturuki i te whanaketanga o ngā āhuatanga ira tangata tuarua i roto i ngā tamariki i te wā o te pakeketanga. He aratohu tēnei mō ngā wāhanga o te pakeketanga ka pā ki tāu tamaiti, me te wā ka puta ai.
Engari he mea tino nui tēnei : He whānuitia ngā mea e kiia ana he 'noa' ina tae mai ki te wā me ngā wāhanga o te pakeketanga. Ka whanake ia tamaiti i tōna ake tere. He aratohu whānui noa iho tēnei "Tanner Staging", ehara i te ture pakari hei whai. Nō reira kaua e whakarite i te whanaketanga o tāu tamaiti ki ētahi atu tamariki, āe?
Me pēhea te whakahaere i ngā Wāhanga Tanner a ngā Kōtiro?
He wāhanga motuhake o te Tanner mō ngā huringa o te ū me te tipu o ngā huruhuru tūpāpaku i roto i ngā kōtiro. Tērā atu anō hoki ētahi atu huringa ā-tinana ka puta. He aratohu pai ēnei wāhanga Tanner ki ngā huringa ka taea e koe te tumanako i roto i te tinana o tāu tamāhine. E rima ngā wāhanga o te pakeketanga o ngā kōtiro.
- Wāhanga 1: Koinei te wā i mua i te pakeketanga. I tēnei wā, kāore ngā kōtiro e kitea he rerekētanga. Heoi, kei te pakeke haere ō rātou repe adrenal, ā, kei te whanake haere ō rātou ovaries.
- Wāhanga 2: Koinei te wā ka tīmata ai ngā huringa ā-tinana. I waenganui i te 8 me te 13 tau te pakeke, ka tīmata ngā kōtiro ki te pāngia e ēnei e whai ake nei:
- Ka tīmata te pihi o ngā ū, ā, ka nui haere ngā wāhi pōuri huri noa i ngā uma (areolas).
- Ka tīmata te tupu o ngā huruhuru tūmatanui ki ngā taha e rua o te labia.
- Ka piki ake te teitei mā te 2 3/4 inihi (tata ki te 7 henimita) ia tau.
- Ka nui haere te kiore.
- Kei te tipu haere te kōpū.
- Tērā pea ka hongi koe i te werawera. He āwhina te whakamahi i te deodorant.
- Wāhanga 3: Ka tere haere ngā huringa ā-tinana i tēnei wā. I waenganui i te 9 me te 14 tau:
- Ka haere tonu te whanake me te tupu o ngā ū.
- Ka tīmata te puta mai o ngā huruhuru o te tuara, ā, ka tipu tonu ngā huruhuru o te tūpāpaku. Kua paku matotoru ake ngā huruhuru o te tūpāpaku, kua pīrori ake, ā, he rite te āhua ki te tapatoru huripokitia.
- Ka tere te piki haere o te teitei, neke atu i te 3 inihi (tata ki te 8 henimita) ia tau.
- Ka puta te hakihaki nā te mea ka hinuhinu te kiri.
- Wāhanga 4: Koinei te wā e tino kaha ai te pakeketanga. I waenganui i te 10 me te 15 tau te pakeke:
- Ka haere tonu te whanaketanga o ngā ū. Ka wehea te wāhi pōuri huri noa i te uma (areola) mai i te kiko o te ū, ā, ka puta hei puku motuhake.
- Kei te tapatoru tonu te āhua o te makawe i te wāhi tūmataiti, ā, inaianei kua tino maha ngā makawe, kāore e taea te tatau.
- Ka taea e te tangata te piki haere tonu te teitei mā te 2 3/4 inihi (tata ki te 7 henimita) ia tau.
- Tērā pea ka mau tonu te hakihaki.
Koinei te wāhanga tuawhā o te tīmatanga o te paheketanga o te nuinga o ngā kōtiro. I te nuinga o te wā ka tīmata i te 12 tau te pakeke (he rite tonu te pakeke ki ō rātou whaea me ō rātou tuahine). Tērā pea ka tīmata wawe atu, ka roa atu rānei te paheketanga o ētahi kōtiro. I te nuinga o te wā ka tīmata te paheketanga i te rua tau i muri i te tīmatanga o te whanaketanga o ngā ū me te tīmatanga o ngā huruhuru o te kiri. Mēnā kāore anō kia tīmata tō paheketanga i te toru tau i muri i te pakeketanga, tirohia he tākuta.
- Wāhanga 5: Koinei te wāhanga whakamutunga. Ko te tikanga ka mutu te tipu i tēnei wāhanga. Kei te pakeke haere ngā kōtiro. Ka toro atu pea ngā makawe tūmatanui ki raro ki ngā huha, ā, ko ētahi kōtiro he rārangi makawe ki raro ki te papa. Ko te nuinga o ngā kōtiro ka eke ki tō rātou teitei teitei i te 16 tau te pakeke, engari ko ētahi kāore pea e eke ki tō rātou teitei katoa tae noa ki te 20 tau te pakeke. Ko ētahi kōtiro kāore pea e eke ki tēnei wāhanga tuarima o ngā makawe tūmatanui; koinei pea tō rātou āhua 'noa'.
Me pēhea te whakatinanatanga o ngā Wāhanga Tanner a ngā Tama?
He rerekē ngā Wāhanga Tanner mō ngā huringa ira tāne me te tipu o ngā huruhuru tūpāpaku. Tērā atu anō hoki ētahi atu huringa tinana. Mō ngā mātua, he aratohu pai ēnei Wāhanga Tanner ki ngā huringa ka taea e koe te tumanako ki te tinana o tāu tama. E rima ngā wāhanga o te pakeketanga o ngā tama.
- Wāhanga 1:Koinei anō te wāhanga o mua i te pakeketanga. I tēnei wā, kāore he rerekētanga o te āhua o ngā tama, engari kei te pakari haere ō rātou repe adrenal.
- Wāhanga 2: Koinei te tīmatanga o ngā huringa ā-tinana. I waenganui i te 9 me te 14 tau te pakeke, ka tīmata ngā tama ki te wheako i ēnei e whai ake nei:
- Te whanaketanga o ngā ira tāne (ka nui haere ngā rakuraku me te kiriuhi ure).
- Ka tīmata te puta mai o ngā huruhuru angiangi huri noa i te ure me raro i ngā kēkē.
- Ka piki ake te teitei (i waenga i te 2 me te 2 1/2 inihi (tata ki te 5-6 henimita) ia tau), ka pā mai pea tēnei ki te mamae o te tipu.
- I ngā panonitanga o te hanganga o te tinana, ka heke te nui o te kiko ngako i roto i te tinana.
- Tērā pea ka hongi koe i te werawera, ā, me whakamahi pea koe i te deodorant.
- Wāhanga 3: Ka tere haere ngā huringa ā-tinana. I waenganui i te 10 me te 16 tau te pakeke, ka pāngia ngā tama e:
- Kei te whanake tonu te ure me ngā poro. Tērā pea ka puta ngā moemoeā mākū (ngā moemoeā pō).
- Ka mangu, ka taratara, ka tupu te huruhuru tūpāpaku i te wāhi ira tangata, ā, ka rite te āhua ki te tapatoru.
- Kei te piki haere tonu te teitei (mai i te 2 3/4 inihi (tata ki te 7 henimita) ia tau ki te neke atu i te 3 inihi (tata ki te 8 henimita)).
- Ka piki ake te werawera, ka piki ake pea te haunga tinana.
- Ka rerekē te reo (i te wā e whati ana te reo `(Pakū)`).
- Ka piki ake te papatipu uaua.
I tēnei wāhanga tuatoru, ka pāngia pea ētahi tama (tata ki te 50 ōrau) e te whanaketanga o ētahi ū, he mate e kiia nei ko te "Gynecomastia". Heoi, ka memeha haere tēnei i te mutunga o te pakeketanga. He mea noa tēnei i waenga i te 11 me te 15 tau te pakeke . Mena he raruraru tinana, he raruraru pāpori rānei tēnei, me kōrero koe ki te tākuta o tāu tamaiti.
- Wāhanga 4: Ko te wā e tino kaha ana te pakeketanga. I waenganui i te 11 me te 16 tau, ko ngā tama:
- Ka nui haere te rahi o te ure, ka pōuriuri te kiri o te kiriuhi me ngā poro. Ka tīmata te puta o ngā kita whero e kīia nei ko te rugae ki runga i ngā poro.
- Ka tupu te huruhuru o te tinana ki te taumata pakeke. He taratara, he tapatoru te huruhuru i te wāhi tūmataiti.
- Ka tere te piki haere o te teitei, mā te 4 inihi (tata ki te 10 henimita) ia tau.
- Ka puta te hakihaki.
- Pakaru tonu te reo.
- Wāhanga 5: Koinei te wāhanga whakamutunga. Ka mutu te pakeketanga i tēnei wāhanga. Ka oti te tipu me te whanaketanga tinana o ngā tama.
- I tēnei wā pea ka tīmata te tupu o ngā huruhuru kanohi o te tini tāngata.
- Ka toro atu ngā huruhuru tūtae ki ngā huha, ā, ko ētahi tama, ka toro atu pea ō rātou huruhuru ki te hope.
- Ka mutu te tipu roa o te nuinga o ngā tama tāne i te 17 o ngā tau, engari ka taea e ētahi te tipu tonu tae noa ki te rua tekau tau.
He aha te pānga o te pakeketanga ki ngā kare ā-roto?
I te taenga o tāu tamaiti ki te pakeketanga, tērā pea ka kite koe i tētahi panonitanga nui o ōna kare ā-roto, kāore rānei. Mā te pikinga ohorere o ngā homoni ira tangata me te pēhanga mai i te hapori ka pāngia te tamaiti e te huringa o te kare ā-roto, te riri ohorere, me ngā taupatupatu ki ngā mema o te whānau. Whakaarohia te nui o ngā mea e tupu ana i roto, i waho hoki o ōna tinana!
I tēnei wā, kei te pāngia tō tamaiti e ngā huringa nui o tōna tuakiri me tōna oranga pāpori. Tērā pea ka pāngia rātou e ngā momo kare ā-roto, tae atu ki te iti o te whakaaro ki a ia anō, te hiahia, te pōhēhē, me te wehi mō tōna ira tangata. Nō reira, he mea tino nui tō manawanui me tō mārama i tēnei wā.
Heoi, ki te puta he raruraru nui o te kare ā-roto, o te whanonga rānei – pērā i te manukanuka, te pouri, te tino huringa o te kare ā-roto, te riri rānei – he mea nui kia toro atu koe ki te tākuta o tāu tamaiti. Tērā pea ka whai hua tāu tamaiti i te hinengaro whakaora, arā, he kōrero whakaora, ā, ki te tika, he rongoā.
Āhea ka mutu te pakeketanga?
Mō ngā kōtiro, ka mutu te pakeketanga i waenga i te 15 me te 17 tau te pakeke. Mō ngā tama, ka mutu i waenga i te 16 me te 17 tau te pakeke. He rerekē ia tamaiti, ia tamaiti, nō reira ka rerekē pea ēnei awhe tau.
Kia pēhea te roa o te wā e tae atu ai ki te pakeketanga?
E rua ki te rima tau te roa o te pakeketanga. Engari he rerekē ia tamaiti, ia tamaiti, nō reira he uaua ki te kī tika i te roa o te pakeketanga. He uaua ki te mōhio tika i te roa o te wā. Engari kia mahara, kei roto te tinana o tāu tamaiti i tētahi wāhanga tūturu o te ao.
He aha ngā homoni e whai wāhi ana ki te pakeketanga?
He maha ngā homoni matua e pā ana ki te pakeketanga, kua kōrerohia kētia ēnei e tātou i mua, tika?
- Te homoni tuku gonadotropin (GnRH): Koinei te tīmatanga o te pakeketanga o ia tamaiti.
- Hormone Luteinizing (LH): Ka whakaoho tēnei homoni i ngā pūtau i roto i ngā ovaries o ngā wāhine kia whakaputa i ngā homoni e pā ana ki te estrogen, ā, ka whakaoho hoki i ngā pūtau i roto i ngā rauropi o ngā tāne kia whakaputa i te testosterone.
- Te homoni whakaoho-pūmua (FSH): Ka whakaoho tēnei homoni i te hanga o te estrogen i roto i ngā ovaries, ā, ka whakaoho anō hoki i ngā pūtau i roto i ngā awa whakaputa parāoa o ngā testicles kia āwhina i te whakaputa parāoa.
- Testosterone: Koinei te homoni matua mō ngā tama tāne. I te wā o te pakeketanga, ka puta he maha ngā huringa i te pikinga o te testosterone, tae atu ki te roa o te tinana, te tupu o ngā huruhuru i te tinana me ngā wāhanga tūmataiti, te whakanui ake i te ure, ngā rae, me te repe prostate, me te pikinga o te hiahia moepuku.
- Estrogen:Koinei te homoni matua o te ira tangata i roto i ngā kōtiro. I te wā o te pakeketanga, ka puta ngā āhuatanga ira tangata tuarua pēnei i te whanaketanga o ngā ū me ngā huringa o te āhua o te tinana (piko). Ka pā hoki ki te paheketanga, me ētahi atu homoni.
- Progesterone: Ko tētahi atu homoni ira wahine tēnei. Ka whai wāhi ki ngā huringa o te ū i te wā o te pakeketanga, ā, he mea nui anō hoki mō te paheketanga me te hāputanga hauora.
Ka nui ake te whakaputa a ngā repe adrenal o tāu tamaiti i tētahi atu momo homoni e kiia nei ko ngā androgens. Ko ēnei homoni te take o ngā āhuatanga ira tuarua – ko te tipu nui o ngā huruhuru o te kiri me te raro o te ringa (adrenarche). Ahakoa ka puta tēnei (adrenarche) me te pikinga ake o ngā homoni ira i te wā pakeketanga, ka taea hoki e ngā repe adrenal te whakaputa (androgens) e pā ana ki ngā huruhuru o te kiri. Kotahi i roto i te whā o ngā kōtiro ka whai (adrenarche) i mua i te whanaketanga o ngā ū (thelarche).
He aha ngā raruraru ka puta ake i te wā o te pakeketanga?
E rua ngā raruraru matua ka puta i te wā pakeketanga: te pakeketanga wawe me te pakeketanga whakaroa . Ka taea e ēnei āhuatanga te whakaputa:
- Ngā ngoikoretanga o te kai, arā, ngā mate kai.
- Te pānga ki ngā homoni mai i te taiao.
- Ngā pukupuku e pā ana ki te hanga homoni.
- Ngā āhuatanga ira.
I ētahi wā, kāore pea e taea te kimi i tētahi take mō tēnei.
He aha te pakeketanga wawe?
E whakaaro ana ngā tākuta ko te pakeketanga o mua ko te wā ka tīmata ai ngā āhuatanga ā-ira tuarua i mua i te 8 tau te pakeke mō ngā kōtiro, ā, i mua i te 9 tau te pakeke mō ngā tama (Tanner Stage 2), ā, ka tere te puta o ētahi atu wāhanga o te pakeketanga i muri mai.
He aha te pakeketanga kua roa?
E whakaaro ana ngā tākuta ko te whakaroa o te pakeketanga he:
- Mena he 13 tau te pakeke o te kōtiro, ā, kāore anō kia tīmata te whanake o ngā ū (Tanner Stage 2).
- Mena he 14 tau te pakeke o te tamaiti, ā, kāore anō kia tīmata te whanake o ōna ira tāne (Wāhanga Tanner) 2.
Waihoki, ki te kore te kotiro e tīmata te paheketanga i roto i ngā tau e toru o te Wahanga 2 o Tanner, i te 15 tau rānei o te pakeke, ka kiia pea e ngā tākuta he amenorrhea tuatahi. I roto i ēnei āhuatanga, he mea tino nui kia rapu tohutohu hauora.
Āhea ahau me kōrero ki te tākuta mō te pakeketanga o taku tamaiti?
Mena kei tō tamaiti tētahi o ēnei āhuatanga, me toro atu koe ki te tākuta:
- He hakihaki kino e kore e memeha.
- Te mamae e kore e taea te manawanui ina piki koe i te puke.
- Ngā tohu o te pouri, te manukanuka, tētahi atu āhuatanga hauora hinengaro rānei.
- Te paheketanga koretake ahakoa kua tae ki te tau tuatahi o te tīmatanga o te paheketanga.
- Nui atu i te mamae o te paheketanga me te mamae tuara noa.
Me kōrero anō hoki ki tō tākuta mō ēnei mea:
- Mena kei te whakaatu tāu tama i ngā tohu o te pakeketanga i mua i te 9 o ōna tau .
- Mena kua 15 tau te pakeke o tāu tama, ā, kāore anō kia kitea he tohu o te pakeketanga.
- Mena ka whakaatuhia e tāu tamāhine ngā tohu o te pakeketanga i mua i te 8 tau te pakeke .
- Mena kua 13 tau te pakeke o tāu tamāhine, ā, kāore anō kia kitea he tohu o te pakeketanga.
Ki te kite koe i ngā mea pēnei, kaua e mataku, engari me kōrero ki te tākuta.
Me pēhea taku āwhina i taku tamaiti i tēnei wā o te pakeketanga?
He wā nui ngā huringa mōu me tāu tamaiti i te pakeketanga. Anei me pēhea e taea ai e koe te āwhina i tāu tamaiti:
- Me whakamōhio rātou ki ngā huringa e pā ana ki ō rātou tinana . Kōrerohia mā te tuwhera, me te kore whakama.
- Whakaakona rātou mō te whakaputa uri ā-ira tangata, te hiranga o te whakaaetanga, me ngā tikanga moe haumaru .
- Hoatu he whakamarie me te maia ki a rātou ina pāngia rātou e te wehi, te pōhēhē, ngā kare ā-roto uaua rānei e pā ana ki te pakeketanga.
- Kia waiho koe hei tauira pai mā rātou mō te whakaae ki te tinana me te oranga hauora.
- Whakautehia tō rātou hiahia mō te noho motuhake me te tūmataitinga.
- Wawao mai mēnā he take haumaru, ka whakatakoto i ngā rohe e tika ana.
He wā whakahihiri, engari he wā wero hoki te pakeketanga i roto i te oranga o tāu tamaiti, me te oranga o tō whānau. Haunga ngā huringa tinana, tera pea ka pāngia tāu tamaiti e ngā huringa kare ā-roto maha. Kia maumahara, kei reira te tākuta o tāu tamaiti hei āwhina i a koe me rātou ki ngā pātai, ki ngā āwangawanga rānei. Ka taea e rātou te tirotiro i tāu tamaiti me te whakatau mēnā kei te whanake ia e ai ki te tumanako.
He aha te mea tino nui e hiahia ana tātou ki te kawe ki te kāinga mai i tēnei pūrākau?
Āe, koinei ngā mea matua me maumahara koe mai i ngā mea kua kōrerohia e tātou. He wāhanga tūturu o te oranga o ia tamaiti te pakeketanga. I tēnei wā, he maha ngā huringa nui, ā-tinana, ā-hinengaro hoki.
- He rerekē ia tamaiti: Tērā pea he rerekē te ara e tae atu ai tētahi tamaiti ki te pakeketanga, me te roa o te wā e pau ana ki te mahi pera i tētahi atu. He mea noa tēnā. Kaua e whakarite i a koe ki ētahi atu.
- Kōrerohia mā te tuwhera: He mea nui kia kōrerohia mā te tuwhera ki tāu tamaiti mō ēnei huringa me ōna kare ā-roto. Whakarongo ki ā rātou pātai.
- Tohutohu a te tākuta: Mena he ruarua, he pātai rānei āu, inā koa mēnā kei te whakaaro koe kei te tīmata wawe rawa, kei te roa rawa rānei te pakeketanga, kaua e mangere ki te rapu tohutohu mai i te tākuta.
- Tō aroha me tō māramatanga: I tēnei wā, e hiahia ana tō tamaiti ki tō aroha, ki tō tautoko, me tō māramatanga nui atu i mua. Hoatu he wairua haumaru me te wairua nō rātou.
Ahakoa he wā uaua tēnei, ka taea e koe te waiho hei puna kaha mō tāu tamaiti i tēnei haerenga ataahua o te noho hei tāne/wahine nui! Ki te hiahia koe ki te mōhio atu mō tēnei mea, pātai mai.
` Te pakeketanga, ngā homoni, ngā kōtiro, ngā tama, te wāhanga Tanner, ngā huringa tinana, ngā huringa hinengaro, te taiohitanga, te hauora o ngā tamariki











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