Koinei te mea e taea ai e koe te whakarongo me te pupuri i tō taurite: Ko te Nerve Vestibulocochlear i ngā kupu māmā noa iho!

I tēnei rā ka kōrero tātou mō tētahi wāhanga tino whakamiharo, tino hira hoki o tō tātou tinana. Kua whakaaro kē koe me pēhea te rongonga i te oro, me pēhea rānei te pupuri i tō taurite me te noho tika me te kore e hinga? He tangata kei te āwhina i ēnei mea katoa, ko ia te kaikawe i ngā karere mai i roto i tō tātou taringa ki te roro. Ko te io vestibulocochlear tēnei. Ahakoa te ahua roa o te ingoa, he nui rawa te mahi e mahia ana e ia. Kia ako atu tātou mō tēnei mea i roto i tētahi huarahi māmā.

He aha tēnei io vestibulocochlear?

He whakarāpopototanga noa iho, ko tō io vestibulocochlear he hanganga e rua ngā wāhanga. Ko tana mahi matua he kawe i ngā mōhiohio pūoro mai i tō taringa o roto ki tō roro. He rite ngā io ki ngā taura iti i roto i ō tātou kāinga. Ka kawe ēnei taura i ngā mōhiohio, pērā i ngā karere hiko, mai i ia pūoro o tō tātou tinana ki te roro. Kātahi ka taea e te roro te whakamahi i aua mōhiohio hei whakarite tika i ngā mahi a tō tātou tinana.

Ko te nuinga o te wā, ko tō io vestibulocochlear e kawe ana i ngā kōrero mai i ngā whekau e rua i roto i tō taringa o roto. Ko tētahi ko te whekau e āwhina ana i a koe ki te whakarongo ki ngā oro , ā, ko tētahi ko te whekau e āwhina ana i a koe ki te pupuri i te "taurite" o tō tinana.

Ko te io vestibulocochlear tētahi o ngā io angaanga tekau mā rua i roto i tō tātou mahunga. Mā ēnei io angaanga tātou e āwhina ki te hongi, ki te reka, ki te pā, me te whakaputa i ngā āhua o te kanohi. Ko te io vestibulocochlear te tuawaru o ēnei io angaanga tekau mā rua (io angaanga VIII, CN VIII rānei) . Ko tana mahi matua ko te whakarongo me te taurite. I ētahi wā ka kiia ko te io vestibular auditory.

Nā, he aha te mahi matua a tēnei io?

Ko te ingoa "vestibulocochlear" tonu e whakaatu ana i ngā wāhanga e rua o tēnei io me ā rāua mahi. He tino māmā noa iho, tirohia:

• Io vestibular: Koinei te wāhanga "vestibulo" o te ingoa. Ka haria ngā mōhiohio mai i ngā okana o tō pūnaha vestibular ki tō roro. Ko ēnei okana vestibular ngā mea e kite ana i ngā mōhiohio mō te tūranga o tō upoko me ngā nekehanga o tō upoko. Ka whakamahia e tō roro ēnei mōhiohio hei āwhina i a koe ki te pupuri i tō taurite. Whakaarohia, ka āwhina tēnei pūnaha i a koe kia kaua e hinga ina hikoi koe, ina oma, ina rūrū rānei i tō upoko.

• Io kokoru: Koinei te wāhanga "kokoru" o te ingoa. Ka haria e ia ngā mōhiohio oro mai i tō kokoru , he wāhanga āhua ngata o tō taringa o roto, ki tō roro. Ka whakamahia e tō roro ēnei mōhiohio hei āwhina i a koe ki te mōhio me te whakarongo ki ngā oro.

Ka honoa ēnei io e rua hei hanga i te io kotahi e kiia nei ko te `CN VIII`. Heoi, ahakoa kua honoa, ka mahi tonu ia io i tana ake mahi motuhake – arā, te kawe i ngā karere e pā ana ki te taurite me te kawe i ngā karere e pā ana ki te whakarongo.

Ka taea e koe te whakamārama mai i te mahi a te io vestibular?

Ka haria e tō io vestibular ngā kōrero mai i ngā okana o te pūnaha vestibular ki tō kakau roro . Ko ō okana vestibular he okana otolith e rua (e kiia ana ko ngā utricles me ngā saccules) me ngā awa haurua porowhita e toru. E kī ana ēnei okana e rima i te wai, ā, kei roto hoki ngā pūtau tairongo. Ina nekehia tō mahunga, ka nekehia tēnei wai me ngā pūtau.

Anei te mahi a te io vestibular:

1. Ka tīmata te tohu: Ina nekehia tō mahunga, ka neke te wai i roto i ngā whekau vestibular. Kātahi ka neke ngā pūtau rongo i roto i a rātou. Ka hangaia e tēnei nekehanga he tohu mō te tūranga me te nekehanga o tō tinana.

2. Ka haria e ngā pūtau io (ngā neuron) te tohu: Ka haria e ēnei pūtau io te tohu mā te io vestibular. Ka haere tēnei karere ki tētahi wāhi e kiia nei ko te matatini vestibular nuclei i roto i te take roro. E whā ngā karihi o tēnei matatini. Ka tukuna e ia o ēnei karihi i roto i te roro ngā tohu ki ngā wāhanga rerekē o te tinana, kia taea ai e koe te pupuri i te taurite.

3. Ka tukatukahia e te roro ngā mōhiohio taurite: Ka tukuna e ētahi karihi ngā tohu pārongo mō te tūranga o te tinana ki ngā wāhanga o te roro pēnei i te cortex cerebral me te cerebellum. Ka tukuna e ētahi atu karihi ngā tohu pārongo ki tō kaki me ō waewae, hei āwhina i a koe ki te whakatika i tō tū. Ka tukuna e ētahi karihi ngā tohu pārongo ki ngā uaua o ō kanohi, hei āwhina i ō kanohi kia aro tonu ki tētahi wāhi ahakoa kei te neke tō tinana. Ka kiia tēnei ko te vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) . Whakaarohia, i a koe e eke pahi ana, nā tēnei VOR ka taea e koe te titiro ki tētahi tohu i waho.

Nā, kia titiro tātou me pēhea te mahi a te io cochlear (io whakarongo).

Ko tō io cochlear (e kiia ana ko te io auditory) e kawe ana i ngā kōrero mai i tō cochlea ki tō take roro. Pērā i ngā okana o te pūnaha vestibular, kī tonu tō cochlea i te wai, ā, kei roto hoki ngā pūtau makawe sensory. Ina tae mai ngā ngaru oro, ka wiri ēnei wai me ngā pūtau.

Anei te mahi a te io cochlear:

1. Ka tīmata te tohu: Ina tae atu ngā ngaru oro ki tō koklea, arā, te kiriuhi basilar i roto i a iaKa wiri te kiriuhi e kiia nei ko te pūoro taringa. Mā tēnei wiri ka neke ngā pūtau makawe tairongo o te kiriuhi. I te nekenga o ngā pūtau, ka puta he tohu mō te āhua o te oro. Kei roto i tēnei ko ngā mea pēnei i te auau o ngā ngaru oro (arā, te teitei, te iti rānei o te oro - 'pitch') me te kaha o te oro.

2. Ka haria te tohu e ngā pūtau io: Ka haria e ngā 'Neuron' (ngā pūtau io) tēnei tohu i te taha o te io whakarongo, kia tae rā anō ki tētahi wāhi e kiia nei ko ngā 'cochlear nuclei' i roto i te take roro. E toru ngā wāhanga o ēnei cochlear nuclei. Ka whiwhi ia wāhanga i ngā momo mōhiohio rerekē mō te oro. Hei tauira, ka whiwhi ētahi wāhanga i ngā mōhiohio mō ngā oro he iti ngā auau, pērā i ngā oro pā. Ka whiwhi ētahi atu wāhanga i ngā mōhiohio mō ngā oro he teitei ngā auau, pērā i ngā oro teitei.

3. Ka tukatukahia e te roro ngā mōhiohio oro: Ka tukuna e ngā nuclei cochlear ngā tohu pārongo mō te oro ki te cortex auditory o tō roro. Kei roto i te temporal lobe o te roro tēnei. Koinei te wāhi ka tukatukahia, ka māramahia hoki ngā mōhiohio oro e rangona ana e koe.

He mīharo! Āe, he nui ngā mea ka taea te tupu me tēnei io iti! He rite ki tētahi hangarau tino rawe i roto i ō tātou tinana.

Nō reira, kei hea te tūnga o tēnei io vestibulocochlear?

Kei roto i tētahi ara wheua e kiia nei ko te Internal Auditory Canal (IAC) te io vestibulocochlear, koinei te wāhi e hono ai tō taringa o roto ki te taha raro o tō angaanga.

• Ka tīmata te io vestibular i roto i tētahi paihere io e kiia nei ko te ganglion vestibular (`Vestibular (Scarpa's) ganglion`) e tata ana ki ngā whekau vestibular. Ka honoa ki te io cochlear i roto i te `IAC` hei hanga i te `CN VIII`. Heoi, ka wehe anō i te io cochlear ina tae atu ki te matatini vestibular nuclei i roto i te take roro.
• Ka tīmata te io cochlear i roto i tētahi paihere io e kiia nei ko te ganglion porowhita e tata ana ki te cochlea. Ka honoa tēnei ki te io vestibular i roto i te IAC hei hanga i te CN VIII. Kātahi ka wehe atu i te io vestibular ina tae atu ki ōna karihi e rite ana i roto i te take roro.

He māmā noa iho, me te mea nei ka tīmata ēnei io e rua i te taringa o roto, ka haere tahi mō tētahi tawhiti poto, kātahi ka wehe anō ki te mahi i ā rāua ake mahi ina uru ki te roro.

He aha te mea i hangaia ai te io vestibulocochlear?

Ko te io vestibulocochlear he mea hanga katoa mai i ngā neurons sensory (neurons afferent) . Ko te tikanga ko tana mahi anake he kawe i ngā tohu hei āwhina i te roro ki te tukatuka i ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki ōu kare ā-roto (pēnei i te whakarongo me te tūnga o te tinana). Kāore e kawe i ngā karere nekeneke, arā, ngā karere mai i te roro ki ngā uaua.

He aha ngā āhuatanga noa ka pā ki te io vestibulocochlear?

Engari, kei reira ētahi āhuatanga ka kino pea tēnei io nui. Ko ētahi o aua āhuatanga ko:

• Ngā whara: Ngā whara ki ngā wāhanga o tō angaanga, inā koa te wāhi kei roto tō taringa. Whakaarohia he rite ki te patu i tō mahunga.
• Ngā āhuatanga whānau (ngā raruraru e pā mai ana i te whānautanga): I ētahi wā, ka puta ngā raruraru mai i te whānautanga nā te mea kāore te CN VIII e whanake tika.
• Ngā pukupuku: Ka puta pea ngā pukupuku kore-matepukupuku (pai), pērā i ngā neuromas acoustic . Ahakoa ehara ēnei i te matepukupuku, ka taea e rātou te whakararuraru mā te pēhi i te io.
• Ngā mate urutā: Ka taea e ngā mate urutā pēnei i te neuritis vestibular , te labyrinthitis rānei te kino i tēnei io.

Me pēhea taku mōhio mēnā he raruraru tōku ki taku io vestibulocochlear? (Ngā tohu)

Mena kua pakaru tō io vestibulocochlear, tera pea ka pāngia koe e ngā tohu ka pā ki tō whakarongo me tō kaha ki te pupuri i te taurite. Tirohia mēnā kei a koe ētahi o ēnei:

• Te ngaronga o te whakarongo pūoro: Ko te ngaronga o te whakarongo tēnei e puta mai ana i tētahi raruraru i te taringa o roto.
• Tinnitus: He tangi e tangi ana, e haruru ana, e ngunguru ana rānei i roto i ngā taringa. Ki ētahi, tera pea he rite tēnei ki te tangi whiowhio, ki te tangi ngunguru rānei.
• Whatiwhati: He āhua hurihuri, he māuiui, he ngaro rānei te taurite.
• Te Ānini: He kare ā-roto kei te hurihuri ngā mea e karapoti ana i a koe, kei te hurihuri rānei koe, ahakoa kei te tū tonu koe. Tērā pea ka rite koe ki te piki me te heke i runga i te tūru.
• Nystagmus: Te nekehanga tere, te kore e taea te whakahaere o ngā kanohi.

Mena kei a koe tētahi, ētahi rānei o ēnei tohu, he pai ake te toro atu ki te tākuta tonu . He mea nui kia kitea te pūtake, kia tere ai te tīmata i te maimoatanga.

Me pēhea te tirotiro a ngā tākuta i te hauora o tēnei `CN VIII`?

He maha ngā whakamātautau e whakamahia ana e ngā tākuta hei tirotiro i te hauora o tō io vestibulocochlear:

• Ngā whakamātautau whakarongo: Ka mahia ēnei whakamātautau hei tirotiro mēnā he ngaronga whakarongo kei roto i tō taringa o roto. Hei tauira, ko te whakamātautau a Rinne me te whakamātautau a Weber . I roto i ēnei whakamātautau, ka whakatakotoria e te tākuta he marau whakarongo wiri (he momo marau whakarongo) ki tō tumuaki me te taha o tō taringa, ā, ka tirohia mēnā ka taea e koe te whakarongo ki ngā oro.
• Ngā whakamātautau vestibular:Ka mahia ēnei whakamātautau hei tirotiro i te hauora o tō pūnaha vestibular. He tino whai hua ngā whakamātautau e rapu ana i te nystagmus (ngā nekehanga kanohi tere) hei tautuhi i ngā raruraru o te io cranial VIII.
• Ngā whakamātautau whakaahua: Ka taea te mahi i ngā karapa CT (karapa tomography rorohiko) me ngā MRI (whakaahua aukume) hei rapu i ngā āhuatanga rerekē i roto i tō taringa, pērā i ngā puku . Ka taea e te MRI te whakaatu i te kino o te io vestibulocochlear, pērā i te toto i roto i te taringa o roto.

Me pēhea te rongoā i ēnei mate o te io vestibulocochlear?

Tērā pea ka rerekē ngā tikanga maimoatanga i runga i te āhua o te mate. Anei ētahi o ngā maimoatanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana:

• Ngā Rongoā: Ko te nuinga o ngā mate e pā ana ki te io vestibulocochlear ka puta mai i ngā huaketo. He maha ngā wā ka memeha noa iho. Heoi, i ētahi wā, ka tohua pea e tō tākuta he rongoā ārai huaketo hei āwhina i a koe kia tere ake te ora. Ka tohua pea hoki e ia he corticosteroids hei whakaiti i te pupuhi i te CN VIII.
• Pokanga: Me pokanga pea koe hei tango i ngā pukupuku, pērā i ngā neuromas acoustic, e whakararu ana i tō whakarongo, i tō taurite rānei. Mena ehara koe i te kaitono pai mō te pokanga, ka whakamahia pea e tō tākuta he maimoatanga e kiia nei ko te stereotactic radiotherapy hei whakaiti i ngā pukupuku.
• Te whakaora i te pūnaha vestibular: Mena he roa ngā raruraru o tō pūnaha vestibular, ka taea e tēnei whakaora te āwhina i a koe ki te ako i ngā mahi hei whakapai ake i tō taurite. Ko te momo whakaora e hiahiatia ana e koe ka whakawhirinaki ki te momo mate e puta ai ō raruraru io vestibulocochlear.

Me pēhea te pupuri i te hauora o taku io vestibulocochlear?

Ae, kāore e taea e tātou te ārai i ngā āhuatanga katoa ka kino ki te io vestibulocochlear, pērā i ngā whara, i ngā pukupuku rānei. Heoi anō, kei reira ētahi mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei tiaki i tō taringa o roto.

Hei tauira:

• Tiakina ō taringa ina kei ngā wāhi haruru koe. Ka taea e ngā haruru nui te kino i ngā pūtau huruhuru tairongo o roto o tō taringa, ka arahi pea ki te ngaronga o te rongo.
• Tirohia te tākuta i te wā tuatahi o te tohu o tētahi raruraru pēnei i te mate taringa. Mā te whiwhi maimoatanga wawe ka ārai i ngā kino kino atu.
• Kia tūpato ki ngā whara o te upoko. He mea nui te mau potae me te tākaro hākinakina haumaru.

He pai te tiaki i tō taringa o roto mō tō taurite me tō pūnaha whakarongo whānui. Mā tēnei ka taea e te io vestibulocochlear te whiwhi karere mārama, ōrite ki te roro.

Te Karere Whakahoki-ki-te-Kāinga mai i tēnei tuhinga

Nō reira, he rite tō io vestibulocochlear ki tētahi piriti tino nui e hono ana i tō pūnaha vestibular (taurite) me te pūnaha whakarongo (whakarongo) ki tō roro. Ki te kore tēnei hononga nui, ka taea e tō taringa o roto te tukatuka i ngā karere mō te oro me te taurite, engari kāore e taea e aua karere te haere ki tō roro kia mārama ai.

Nō reira, he mea tino nui te whai i tētahi `CN VIII` e mahi tika ana kia mau tonu tō hononga ki ngā wheako pārongo o te ao e karapoti nei i a koe. Arā, ka taea e koe te whakarongo ki tētahi waiata ataahua, te kōrero ki tētahi hoa, te hikoi me te kore e hinga, te oma, me te pekepeke, he nui te āwhina o tēnei io iti ki ēnei mea katoa. Nō reira, ko tā tātou kawenga he whakaaroaro me te tiaki i tēnei mea.

Mena he pātai anō āu mō tēnei, kaua e wehi ki te kōrero ki te tākuta. Kei te rite rātou ki te āwhina i a koe.

` Ngā io Vestibulocochlear, te whakarongo, te taurite, te io taringa, CN VIII, te taringa o roto, te pūnaha whakarongo