Tiyeni tiphunzire za mankhwala a ADHD.

Kodi dokotala wakuuzani kuti muli ndi ADHD ( attention deficit hyperactivity disorder)? Kapena mwana wanu wakuuzani? Chifukwa chake, mukauzidwa kuti muyenera kuyamba kumwa mankhwala a izi, ndikwachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono ndikukhala ndi mafunso ambiri. Zinthu monga 'Kodi ndikufunikiradi mankhwalawa?', 'Kodi padzakhala zotsatirapo zoyipa?', 'Kodi ndidzakhala wokonda izi?' mwina zili m'maganizo mwanu. Musadandaule. Lero, tikambirana za mankhwala operekedwa a ADHD m'njira yosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi mankhwala a ADHD amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Mwachidule, ubongo wathu uli ndi mankhwala omwe amatithandiza kusuntha uthenga mobwerezabwereza ndikulumikizana wina ndi mnzake. Timatcha ma neurotransmitters awa. Anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD angakhale ndi kusalingana pang'ono kwa mankhwala awa, makamaka dopamine ndi norepinephrine .

Mankhwala a ADHD amagwira ntchito makamaka poyesa kuchuluka kwa mankhwala awa muubongo. Izi zingakuthandizeni:

• Zimakhala zosavuta kuyang'ana kwambiri ndikugwira ntchito.
• Kusachita zinthu mopupuluma kumalamulidwa.
• Kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso kumachepa.
• Zimakhala zosavuta kulamulira malingaliro .

Kumbukirani, zingatenge nthawi kuti mupeze mankhwala oyenera, mlingo, ndi nthawi yoti mumwe. Inu ndi dokotala wanu muyenera kugwira ntchito limodzi kuti mupeze mankhwala oyenera kwa inu.

Kodi mankhwala akuluakulu a ADHD ndi ati?

Mankhwala omwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito pochiza ADHD angagawidwe m'magulu atatu akuluakulu.

Mankhwala opitilira amodzi...

Kawirikawiri, zotsatira zabwino sizipezeka ndi mankhwala okha. Izi zimapezeka mwa kuphatikiza mankhwala ndi chithandizo cha khalidwe , uphungu, ndi kusintha moyo . Tikutcha chithandizo cha multimodal ichi.

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Zolimbikitsa - mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri

Gulu la mankhwala amenewa ndi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza ADHD padziko lonse lapansi. Ali m'magulu awiri akuluakulu: Methylphenidates ndi Amphetamines . Amagwira ntchito powonjezera kuchuluka kwa mankhwala muubongo omwe amathandiza kusamala.

Mankhwalawa amagawidwanso m'magawo awiri kutengera nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti agwire ntchito.

1. Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwalawa: Mankhwalawa amayamba kugwira ntchito mkati mwa mphindi 30-45 kuchokera pamene atengedwa ndipo amatha kwa maola pafupifupi 3-4. Amafunika kumwedwa kawiri kapena katatu patsiku.

2. Mankhwala ogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali: Mankhwalawa amakhala kwa maola 8-12, nthawi zina mpaka maola 16, mutatha kumwa mlingo umodzi. Amafunika kumwedwa kamodzi kokha patsiku. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsa mtundu uwu chifukwa anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD angaiwale kumwa mankhwala awo.

Ndani amene sangayenerere kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala olimbikitsa?

Ngati muli ndi vuto lililonse la thanzi, dokotala wanu sangakulangizeni kumwa mankhwalawa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuuza dokotala wanu za izi.

• Matenda a mtima kapena kufooka kulikonse mumtima
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi kosalamulirika
• Hyperthyroidism
• Matenda a glaucoma
• Nkhawa yaikulu
• Mbiri ya chizolowezi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa
• Matenda a kudya monga anorexia nervosa

Zotsatirapo zoyipa za zolimbikitsa

Nthawi zambiri, zotsatirapozi zimachitika pokhapokha mutayamba kumwa mankhwalawo. Zimatha thupi lanu likayamba kuzolowera mankhwalawo.

• Kulakalaka chakudya: Chochitika chofala.
• Kuchepetsa thupi:Zingakhale chifukwa cha kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya.
• Kusowa tulo kapena kusokonezeka kwa tulo: Makamaka ngati mwamwa mankhwalawo mochedwa.
• Mutu
• Chizungulire
• Kusasangalala m'mimba
• Kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Kusintha kwa maganizo, kukwiya
• "Kubwerera m'mbuyo" - Mankhwalawa akatha, kutopa, kukwiya, ndi kukwiya zimatha kuwonjezeka kwakanthawi.

Ngati izi zipitirira, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo . Iye akhoza kusintha mlingo, kusintha nthawi ya tsiku lomwe mumamwa mankhwalawo, kapena kukusinthani ku mankhwala ena.

Zosalimbikitsa - Njira ina

Anthu ena sapeza zotsatira zomwe akufuna kuchokera ku mankhwala olimbikitsa, kapena zotsatira zake zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuzipirira. Zikatero, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni mtundu wa mankhwala otchedwa non-stimulants.

Mankhwalawa angatenge milungu ingapo kuti ayambe kugwira ntchito, choncho ndikofunikira kukhala oleza mtima.

Mankhwala akuluakulu m'gululi ndi Atomoxetine , Viloxazine , Guanfacine , ndi Clonidine . Sali ndi chiopsezo chofanana ndi mankhwala opatsa mphamvu, kotero akhoza kukhala oyenera kwambiri kwa anthu omwe kale anali ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Zotsatirapo zoyipa za zinthu zosalimbikitsa

• Kupweteka m'mimba, nseru
• Mutu ndi chizungulire
• Kugona kapena kutopa
• Kusintha kwa maganizo
• Chilakolako (chochepa kuposa zinthu zolimbikitsa)

Si bwino kusiya kumwa Guanfacine ndi Clonidine mwadzidzidzi, chifukwa zingayambitse kuthamanga kwa magazi mwadzidzidzi. Chifukwa chake, ngati musiya kumwa mankhwalawa, chitani zomwe dokotala wanu wakuuzani, pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa mlingo.

Zinthu zoti muganizire musanayambe kumwa mankhwala

1. Si mankhwala, ndi njira yothanirana ndi vutoli: Mankhwala a ADHD sachiza matenda anu onse. Amangolamulira zizindikirozo malinga ngati mukumwa mankhwalawo. Ngati musiya kumwa mankhwalawo, zizindikirozo zimatha kubwereranso. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwina ndi chinthu chomwe mukufuna pa moyo wanu wonse.

2. Zingagwirizane ndi mankhwala ena: Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a matenda ena aliwonse (monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a shuga), onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu za mankhwala aliwonse omwe mukumwa omwe mukumwa. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ena ozizira angayambitse kusakhazikika akamwedwa ndi mankhwala olimbikitsa ADHD.

3. Kafeini ndi zowonjezera:Uzani dokotala wanu ngati mukumwa khofi, tiyi, kapena zakumwa zina zokhala ndi caffeine, kapena ngati mumwa mavitamini kapena zowonjezera zina.

4. Kuopsa kwa chizolowezi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika:

Munthu amene ali ndi ADHD sadzakhala ndi chizolowezi chomwa mankhwalawa ngati atamwa monga momwe dokotala wawo wanenera. Ndipotu, anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD omwe salandira chithandizo amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu chogwiritsa ntchito mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo akakula.

Komabe, pali chizolowezi cha anthu omwe alibe ADHD kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwalawa pophunzira mayeso kapena kuchepetsa thupi. Izi ndi zoopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukupereka mankhwala kwa mwana wanu, sungani mankhwalawa mosamala ndipo yang'anani ngati mwana wanu akugawana ndi ena.

Kodi mumatani pakagwa ngozi?

Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa mutamwa mankhwala, mwachitsanzo kupweteka pachifuwa, kuvutika kupuma, kusokonezeka kwambiri kapena kusokonezeka, pitani ku chipatala chapafupi cha Emergency Department (ETU) nthawi yomweyo . Ngati mukukayikira kuti mwamwa mankhwala opitirira muyeso, mutha kuyimbiranso National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital kuti mupeze malangizo.