Kodi mwana wanu nthawi zonse amasinthasintha ndi kusinthasintha? Kodi samvera mphunzitsi mkalasi, kapena nthawi zambiri mumadandaula kuti samaliza ntchito akangoyamba? Kapena, mwina inu, monga wamkulu, zimakuvutani kuyang'ana kwambiri pa ntchito ndipo nthawi zambiri mumaiwala zinthu? Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder , kapena ADHD , yomwe ndi vuto lomwe anthu ambiri amalankhula. Izi si vuto lokhalo kapena ulesi, koma vuto lachipatala lokhudzana ndi kugwira ntchito kwa ubongo . Tiyeni tidziwe zambiri za izi lero.
Palibe njira imodzi yodziwira ADHD, ndi njira yokhayo!
Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti pali mayeso amodzi, monga kuyezetsa magazi, kuti adziwe ADHD. Koma sizili choncho. Kuzindikira ADHD ndi njira yowunikira mwatsatanetsatane ndi katswiri . Zili ngati kuthetsa chizungulire. Dokotala amasonkhanitsa zambiri zokhudza mwana kapena wamkulu kuchokera mbali zosiyanasiyana ndipo amafufuza zonse kuti afike pamapeto pake.
Njirayi nthawi zambiri imaphatikizapo izi:
- Kuyankhulana ndi anthu omwe ali pafupi ndi mwanayo, monga makolo ndi aphunzitsi.
- Dokotala mwiniwake amaona khalidwe la mwana kapena munthu wamkulu.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mafunso apadera kapena masikelo oyesera kuti muyese zizindikiro za ADHD.
- Mayeso a zamaganizo ndi azachipatala kuti adziwe ngati pali matenda ena amisala kapena akuthupi.
Chofunika kwambiri, pali matenda ena ambiri omwe angabwere ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi za ADHD, kotero ndikofunikira kupeza matenda oyenera, apo ayi mutha kulandira chithandizo cholakwika.
Kodi dokotala amasonkhanitsa bwanji chidziwitso?
Kuti apeze matenda molondola, dokotala amafunika kudziwa bwino moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa mwana kapena wamkulu, khalidwe lake, komanso momwe amaphunzirira/ntchito zake.
Kukambirana ndi banja ndi aphunzitsi
Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Dokotala angakufunseni inu ndi aphunzitsi a mwana wanu mafunso monga:
- Kodi pali wina aliyense m'banja mwanu amene ali ndi ADHD kapena zizindikiro zina zofanana? (Vutoli likhoza kuchitika m'mabanja.)
- Kodi mwana wanu amavutika kapena kugwedezeka akapemphedwa kuti akhale pamalo amodzi kwa nthawi yayitali?
- Mukayamba ntchito, makamaka yovuta, kodi mumayima pakati osaimaliza?
- Kumayambitsidwa mosavuta ndi phokoso lakunja kapena zochitaKodi nthawi yanu yoganizira zinthu ikutha?
- Kodi muli ndi vuto la kuleza mtima ndipo simungathe kudikira nthawi yanu?
- Kodi mwana wanu anali ndi zaka zingati pamene munayamba kuzindikira makhalidwe amenewa?
- Kodi zizindikiro zimenezi zimaonekera kwambiri pazochitika ziti?
- Kodi makadi a EPO rt omwe amaperekedwa ndi masukulu amanena chiyani?
Kuona khalidwe
Nthawi zina dokotala angakupatseni inu ndi aphunzitsi anu buku kapena mndandanda woti musunge ndikulemba khalidwe la mwana wanu kwa masiku angapo. Apa ndi pomwe adzayang'anira kwambiri zinthu ngati izi.
| Khalidwe lomwe lawonedwa | Zitsanzo |
|---|---|
| Kuvuta kumvera malangizo | Ngakhale akuoneka kuti akumvetsera zomwe zikunenedwa, sachitadi zimenezo. |
| Kutayika kwa katundu pafupipafupi | Nthawi zonse ndimataya mapensulo, zofufutira, mabuku, ndi zoseweretsa. |
| Kulephera kukhala pamalo amodzi (Kugwedezeka/Kugwedezeka) | Nthawi zonse ndimadzigwedeza ndi kugwedeza manja ndi miyendo yanga ndikakhala pampando. |
| Kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso nthawi zosayenera | Mukakhala pamzere, mumathamanga ndi kulumpha nthawi iliyonse yomwe mukufuna kusewera mwakachetechete. |
| Kuyankha mwachangu/kusokoneza ena | Amayankha funso asanalimve mokwanira. |
Matenda ena omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi za ADHD
Zizindikiro zina zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti ndi ADHD zimatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zifukwa zina zakuthupi kapena zamaganizo, kotero dokotala adzazifufuzanso.
- Mavuto akuthupi: Kusaona bwino kapena kumva bwino, kuchuluka kwa poizoni monga lead m'magazi, komanso mavuto a mahomoni a chithokomiro zingayambitsenso kuchepa kwa chidwi.
- Matenda ena amisala: Nthawi zina zizindikiro za nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo, matenda a autism spectrum, ndi mavuto ophunzirira zimatha kufanana ndi ADHD.
- Mayeso a ubongo: Nthawi zina, ngati mukukayikira vuto lina la mitsempha, mayeso a EEG (Electroencephalogram), omwe amayesa ntchito yamagetsi ya ubongo, kapena CT kapena MRI scan, yomwe imayang'ana kapangidwe ka ubongo, angakulimbikitseni. Komabe, mayesowa sagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira ADHD mwachindunji , koma amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa matenda ena.
Kodi mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya ADHD ndi iti?
Malinga ndi malangizo a American Psychiatric Association, ADHD imagawidwa m'magulu atatu akuluakulu. Kuti munthu apezeke ndi ADHD, zizindikiro ziyenera kukhalapo kuyambira ali mwana ndipo ziyenera kukhudza malo awiri kapena angapo, monga kunyumba, kusukulu/kuntchito.
| Mtundu wa ADHD | Zizindikiro Zazikulu |
|---|---|
| 1. Mtundu Wosasamalira |
|
| 2. Mtundu Wosakhazikika Kwambiri | |
| 3. Mtundu Wophatikizana | Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri, ndipo zizindikiro za mitundu yonse iwiri (kusaganizira bwino ndi kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso-kupupuluma) zimapezeka pamodzi. |
Kuzindikira ADHD mwa akuluakulu
Njira yomweyi imatsatiridwa pozindikira ADHD mwa akuluakulu. Komabe, ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsimikizira ngati zizindikirozi zinalipo ali ana . Kuti achite izi, dokotala angalankhulenso ndi mnzanu, makolo, kapena abale ena.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- ADHD si khalidwe loipa kapena ulesi, ndi matenda enieni omwe angathe kuchiritsidwa.
- Palibe njira imodzi yodziwira ADHD. Ndi njira yowunikira yonse yomwe dokotala amachita.
- Ngati mukukayikira kuti mwana wanu ali ndi ADHD, choyamba muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti palibe mavuto ena akuthupi kapena amisala.
- Pambuyo pozindikira matenda molondola, dongosolo la chithandizo lokhala ndi mankhwala, chithandizo cha khalidwe, kapena kuphatikiza zonse ziwiri kungathandize kuwongolera zizindikiro ndikukhala ndi moyo wopambana.
- Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena mafunso okhudza izi, chonde lankhulani ndi dokotala wa banja lanu kapena dokotala wa ana.
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