Mwina dokotala anakuuza kuti uli ndi ADHD. Kapena mwina munthu amene umamudziwa ali ndi vutoli. Tikamaganizira za ADHD, nthawi zambiri timaganiza za munthu amene amasinthasintha maganizo, amene amavutika kumvetsera, komanso amene amavutitsa ena. Koma kodi mumadziwa kuti vutoli nthawi zina lingayambitse mavuto aakulu, kuphatikizapo mavuto azamalamulo? Musachite mantha ndi izi. Si aliyense amene ali ndi ADHD amene amakumana ndi mavuto azamalamulo. Koma ndikofunikira kuti inu ndi okondedwa anu mudziwe kugwirizana pakati pa awiriwa.
N’chifukwa chiyani anthu ena omwe ali ndi ADHD amakumana ndi mavuto ndi lamulo?
Mwachidule, ADHD ndi matenda omwe amakhudza ziwalo za ubongo wathu zomwe zimalamulira malingaliro, khalidwe, ndi zilakolako. Zigawozi zikapanda kugwira ntchito bwino, zimakhala zovuta kudziletsa kuchita zinthu zomwe mukudziwa kuti zingakhale vuto. Ganizirani zinthu monga kumwa mowa ndi kuyendetsa galimoto, kumenyana mukakwiya, kapena kulowa m'nyumba ya mnansi wanu mozemba.
Zina mwa zizindikiro za ADHD, zina zimagwirizanitsidwa makamaka ndi mavuto azamalamulo. Kafukufuku wapeza kuti kusasamala , khalidwe lopupuluma , komanso kuvutika kulamulira malingaliro kungayambitse malingaliro aupandu. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso, kapena kugwedezeka, sikunapezeke kuti kuli ndi mgwirizano wamphamvu ndi mavuto azamalamulo.
Makamaka paunyamata ndi ukalamba, makhalidwe ena omwe amayamba chifukwa cha ADHD amawonjezera chiopsezo chokumana ndi milandu. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili.
| Khalidwe lowonjezera chiopsezo | Kodi mungakumane bwanji ndi mavuto ndi lamulo? |
|---|---|
| Kusachita bwino ntchito ya kusukulu, kusapita kusukulu, kapena kusiya sukulu. | Ngati simunaphunzire bwino, zimakhala zovuta kupeza ntchito yabwino. Ngati mulibe njira yopezera ndalama, mumakhala ndi mwayi wochita zinthu zosaloledwa monga kuba kapena kugulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. |
| Kuyanjana ndi "mabwenzi olakwika". | Mukacheza ndi anzanu omwe amachita zoipa, mungadziike m'mavuto azamalamulo osazindikira. |
| Kukhala wosamvera kapena wankhanza. | Khalidwe lamtunduwu lingayambitse ndewu ndi kuukira ena pafupipafupi. Izi ndi milandu yayikulu malinga ndi lamulo. |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa. | Ukaledzera, sumvetsa bwino pakati pa chabwino ndi choipa. Komanso, kukhala ndi kugulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mlandu wovomerezeka ndi boma. |
ADHD ingapangitsenso kuti zikhale zovuta kumvetsetsa bwino zotsatira za zochita za munthu. Munthu amene amaba sangamvetse bwino momwe zochita zake zimakhudzira ena kapena kuti angalandire chilango, monga kupita kundende.
Kodi pali mgwirizano wotani pakati pa ADHD, ODD, ndi CD?
Anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi matenda ena amisala. Awiri mwa matenda ofala kwambiri ndi matenda a khalidwe: ODD (Oppositional Defiant Disorder) ndi CD (Conduct Disorder) .
Matenda a ODD ndi vuto la khalidwe lomwe limapezeka kwambiri ndi ADHD. Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimayamba ali mwana ndipo zimatha kupitirira mpaka atakula , kapena kuipiraipira. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a ODD nthawi zambiri salemekeza akuluakulu, monga makolo, aphunzitsi, ndi apolisi. Amakonda kuchita zinthu zosemphana ndi malamulo ndi miyambo ya anthu.
Ngati munthu wamkulu ali ndi vuto la ODD, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zingawonekere:
- Kukangana nthawi zonse.
- Amakwiya msanga.
- Amaimba mlandu ena chifukwa cha zolakwa zawo ndi makhalidwe awo.
- Sindikonda kutsatira malamulo ndikuchita zomwe ena akunena.
- Amakwiyitsa ena ndi kuwakwiyitsa nthawi iliyonse akafuna.
- Amakwiyanso mwachangu.
- Nthawi zonse amakhala wokwiya, wodana, komanso wofuna kubwezera.
Matenda a CD ( Conduct Disorder ) ndi matenda owopsa pang'ono. Amakhudza pafupifupi 25% ya ana omwe ali ndi ADHD ndi pafupifupi 45% ya achinyamata. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a CD salemekeza ena ndipo amakana kwathunthu malamulo a anthu. Izi zingayambitse khalidwe loipa komanso kumangidwa akakula.
Kukhala ndi ADHD pamodzi ndi ODD kapena CD ndi kuphatikiza koopsa komwe kumawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo chokumana ndi mavuto azamalamulo.
Kodi mavuto a umbanda ndi milandu amakhudza bwanji anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD?
ADHD ingagwirizanitsidwe ndi chilichonse kuyambira milandu yaying'ono mpaka milandu yayikulu. Anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD ali ndi mwayi waukulu wochita zinthu monga:
- Kuthamanga mofulumira ndi kulandira chindapusa komanso kuchita zinthu zina zophwanya malamulo a pamsewu.
- Kuba.
- Kugula kapena kugulitsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
- Kukhala ndi zida zobisika.
Anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD amakumana ndi mavuto nthawi zambiri kuposa munthu wamba, ndipo nthawi zambiri amayamba ali aang'ono. Ali ndi mwayi womangidwa, kuweruzidwa, komanso kutsekeredwa m'ndende kawiri kapena katatu kuposa ena .
Ndende ndi malo oopsa kwambiri kwa munthu amene ali ndi ADHD. Sikuti m'dziko lathu lokha, komanso m'maiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, vutoli silipezeka kapena kuchiritsidwa bwino m'ndende.
ADHD imakhalanso ndi matenda ena amisala, monga kuvutika maganizo, nkhawa, kapena matenda a bipolar . M'masabata oyamba a m'ndende, matenda amisala amenewa, ngati sanachiritsidwe, amatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chodzipha.
N'zovuta kwambiri kupeza ntchito mutatuluka m'ndende. Mukataya ntchito ndipo mulibe ndalama zoti muzigwiritse ntchito, mumakhala ndi mwayi wochitanso zinthu zoipa. Izi zimatchedwa kubwereranso ku ndende. Chifukwa simulandira chithandizo kundende, anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD amatha kuchitanso milandu akatulutsidwa ndikutha kundende.
Kodi mungapulumuke bwanji mchitidwe woipawu?
Mungamve kulemedwa kwambiri mukamva izi, koma chinthu chabwino kwambiri ndichakuti mutha kuswa izi.
Gawo loyamba komanso lofunika kwambiri ndikupeza matenda olondola ndikuyamba chithandizo cha ADHD mwachangu momwe mungathere.
Chithandizo cha ADHD nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo kuphatikiza mankhwala, uphungu, ndi kusintha kwa moyo. Njira zamakhalidwe, monga uphungu wa banja, zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito limodzi ndi mankhwala a matenda monga ODD.
Kuphunzitsa luso locheza ndi anthu ndi njira yabwino yothandizira pa izi. Kumakuphunzitsani:
- Momwe mungathetsere mikangano.
- Momwe mungadzichepetsere mkwiyo mukakwiya kapena mutasokonezeka.
- Mukamalankhula ndi akuluakulu, momwe mungawamvere ndikuyankha moyenera.
Muyeneranso kuganizira za zinthu zomwe zimakuchititsani kukhala ndi khalidwe loipa. Ana amene amacheza ndi anzawo omwe ali ndi khalidwe loipa nawonso amakhala ndi mavuto ambiri. Chifukwa chake, kusankha mabwenzi abwino n'kofunika kwambiri.
Musanayambe khalidwe loipa, ndikofunikira kupeza thandizo loyenera. Pachifukwa ichi, pitani kwa dokotala wa matenda amisala wodziwa bwino ntchito yanu ndikupeza upangiri. Izi zikutanthauza kulankhula moona mtima ndi dokotala wanu za izi. Komanso, mutha kuphunzira zambiri mwa kulowa nawo gulu lothandizirana ndi ena omwe akukumana ndi mavuto ofanana. Musakhale nokha, pemphani thandizo.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- ADHD si kungosowa chidwi chabe, komanso imakhudzanso malingaliro anu ndi kulamulira maganizo anu.
- Ngakhale izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo chokumana ndi mavuto azamalamulo, si aliyense amene ali ndi ADHD amene amakhala chigawenga.
- Chiwopsezochi chikhoza kuwonjezeka kwambiri chifukwa chokhala ndi matenda monga ODD kapena CD pamodzi ndi ADHD.
- Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndikupeza upangiri woyenera wa dokotala ndi chithandizo mwamsanga . Mankhwala, uphungu, ndi chithandizo cha khalidwe ndizofunikira kwambiri.
- Ngati inuyo kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi vuto ngati ili, musachite mantha kapena kuchita manyazi kupempha thandizo kwa dokotala. Simuyenera kukumana ndi vutoli nokha.
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