Kodi mwana wanu amavutika kukhala chete ndikuphunzira? Kapena nthawi zambiri amachita zinthu mopupuluma komanso osaganiza bwino? Ngati zinthuzi zimakhudza ntchito yake ya kusukulu komanso ubale wake ndi anzake, timatcha kuti Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( ADHD ). Pazochitika zotere, madokotala amapereka mankhwala osiyanasiyana kuti athandize kuchepetsa vutoli. Imeneyi ndi imodzi mwa mankhwala omwe tikambirane lero.
Kodi mankhwala otchedwa Amphetamine ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, amphetamine ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ADHD. Amathandiza mwana wanu kukhala woganizira bwino komanso kuchepetsa kupupuluma .
Izi zili m'gulu la mankhwala otchedwa stimulant . Mawu akuti "stimulant" angakuwopsezeni. Koma chomwe chimachita ndichakuti amawonjezera pang'ono ntchito ya ziwalo zina za ubongo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mauthenga a mitsempha omwe amalamulira chidwi ndi khalidwe azigwira ntchito bwino. Zili ngati kutenga chizindikiro pa wailesi yosokonekera pang'ono.
Munkhaniyi, tikulankhula za ``Disintegrating Tablets``, zomwe ndi mtundu wa mapiritsi omwe amasungunuka mkamwa. Dzina lina la mapiritsi awa ndi ``ODT (Orally Disintegrating Tablet)``. Awa ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, makamaka kwa ana aang'ono omwe sakonda kumeza mapiritsi.
Zinthu zomwe muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu musanayambe kumwa mankhwala
Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kuuza dokotala zoona zake zonse zokhudza thanzi lanu kapena la mwana wanu. Chifukwa mankhwalawa si oyenera anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake, kapena ayenera kuperekedwa mosamala kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi vuto lililonse pansipa, onetsetsani kuti mwadziwitsa dokotalayo.
| Matenda omwe muyenera kunena | N’chifukwa chiyani n’kofunika? (Mwachidule) |
|---|---|
| Matenda a mtima kapena zilema za mtima zobadwa nazo | Mankhwalawa angawonjezere pang'ono kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, kotero akhoza kukhala oopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima. |
| Kuthamanga kwa magazi | Mankhwalawa angayambitse kukwera kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi. |
| Mavuto ozungulira m'manja | Nthawi zina mankhwalawa amatha kukhudza pang'ono kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku zala ndi zala. |
| Ngati mwakhalapo ndi sitiroko | Popeza zimakhudza kuthamanga kwa magazi, chiopsezo cha matendawa chikhoza kuwonjezeka mwa munthu amene adadwalapo sitiroko kale. |
| Matenda amisala | Ngati muli ndi matenda monga kuvutika maganizo kapena matenda a bipolar, mankhwalawa angasinthe zizindikiro zimenezo. |
| Ngati inu kapena wachibale wanu munaganizapo zodzipha | Kawirikawiri, mankhwalawa amatha kusokoneza maganizo. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa dokotala wanu ngati muli ndi mbiri ya izi. |
| Ngati chizungulire (kugwidwa) chikuchitika | Mankhwalawa angawonjezere pang'ono chiopsezo chokhala ndi chizungulire. |
| Matenda a impso | Impso ndi zomwe zimachotsa mankhwala m'thupi. Ngati impso sizikugwira ntchito bwino, mankhwala amatha kusonkhana m'thupi. |
| Mbiri ya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo | Mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala osokoneza bongo ngati agwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika, choncho ngati munakhalapo ndi vuto lotere kale, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu. |
| Ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukufuna kutenga mimba | Muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za chitetezo cha mankhwalawa panthawi ya mimba. |
| Ngati mayi akuyamwitsa mwana wake | Mankhwalawa amatha kupita kwa mwana kudzera mu mkaka wa m'mawere, choncho onetsetsani kuti mwafunsa dokotala wanu. |
| Ngati muli ndi ziwengo ku mankhwala ena, zakudya, kapena zinthu zina | Ngati munakhalapo ndi vuto la ziwengo ndi mankhwala awa kapena mtundu wina uliwonse wa mankhwala olimbikitsa, muyenera kutchula izi. |
Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito bwanji mankhwalawa molondola?
Iyi ndi piritsi yomwe imasungunuka mkamwa, kotero njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi yosiyana pang'ono. Chitani chimodzimodzi motere.
1. Imwani pa nthawi yake: Yesetsani kumwa mankhwala anu nthawi yomweyo tsiku lililonse, monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera. Izi zithandiza kuti mankhwalawo azigwira ntchito nthawi zonse.
2. Musatsegule paketi mpaka mutakonzeka kumwa mapiritsi: Piritsi lili mu paketi yotsekedwa. Ingotsegulani mukakonzeka kumwa mapiritsi.
3. Manja ayenera kukhala ouma: Ngati mukhudza piritsi ndi manja onyowa, likhoza kuyamba kusungunuka m'manja mwanu. Choncho, chotsani piritsi mosamala ndi manja ouma .
4. Ngati piritsi lasweka kapena laphwanyika: Ngati izi zitachitika, tayani piritsilo ndikupeza latsopano. Musapereke zidutswa zosweka, chifukwa izi zipangitsa kuti mlingo wake usakhale wolondola.
5. Ikani piritsi mkamwa mwanu ndipo lisungunuke: Ikani piritsilo mwachindunji pa lilime lanu. Liyamba kusungunuka pakatha masekondi angapo. Sipakufunika madzi.
6. Mezani piritsi mutasungunuka: Mezani piritsi litasungunuka kwathunthu.
7. Musamatafune, kuphwanya, kapena kudula: Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Piritsi ili lapangidwa kuti lisungunuke mkamwa mwanu. Choncho , musamatafune kapena kuphwanya. Kuchita zimenezi kungasinthe momwe mankhwala amagwirira ntchito.
8. Ndi chakudya kapena ayi: Mankhwalawa angatengedwe musanadye kapena mutadya. Komabe, ngati mukumva kupweteka m'mimba, ndi bwino kumwa pamodzi ndi chakudya.
Chofunika kwambiri: Mankhwalawa ndi a inu kapena mwana wanu yekha. Musagawane ndi wina aliyense pazifukwa zilizonse. Ndi otsutsana ndi lamulo ndipo akhoza kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Kodi mungachite chiyani ngati mwaphonya mlingo wa mankhwala?
Tonsefe timaiwala zinthu. Ngati mwaiwala kumwa mlingo, imwani mwamsanga mukangokumbukira. Komabe, ngati nthawi yanu yotsatira yatsala pang'ono kufika (mwachitsanzo, ili pafupi maola ochepa), dumphani mlingo womwe mwaphonya ndikumwa mlingo wotsatira panthawi yomwe yakonzedwa. Musamwe mlingo wowirikiza kawiri kuti mubwezeretse mlingo womwe mwaphonya.
Nanga bwanji ngati nditamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo?
Ngati mwamwa mwangozi mankhwala ochulukirapo kuposa omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani, kungakhale kwadzidzidzi. Ngati izi zitachitika, pitani naye munthuyo ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi nthawi yomweyo . Kapena, ngati n'kotheka, imbani National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital kuti akupatseni malangizo.
Zinthu zina zomwe zingagwirizane ndi mankhwalawa (Kuyanjana)
"Kuyanjana" kumatanthauza kuti mankhwala ena, chakudya, kapena chakumwa chomwe mumamwa chingasinthe momwe amphetamine iyi imagwirira ntchito. Ikhoza kuwonjezera kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwala, kapena ingayambitse zotsatirapo zoopsa.
Choncho uzani dokotala wanu za chilichonse chomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito. Izi zikutanthauza:
- Mankhwala operekedwa ndi madokotala a matenda ena
- Mankhwala omwe angagulidwe ku pharmacy popanda mankhwala
- Mavitamini ndi zowonjezera zitsamba
- Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito mowa, ndudu, kapena mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo, auzeninso za izi.
Mankhwala omwe ali pansipa akhoza kusokoneza kwambiri amphetamine iyi.
| Musamwe mankhwala a amphetamine pamodzi ndi awa. | |
|---|---|
| MAOIs (Zoletsa za Monoamine Oxidase) | Mankhwala akale awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda monga kuvutika maganizo. Kumwa mankhwalawa pamodzi kungayambitse kuthamanga kwa magazi koopsa. |
| Linezolid | Ichi ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. |
| Buluu wa Methylene | Ichi ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa matenda ndi matenda ena. |
Kuphatikiza apo, mankhwalawa amatha kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo, mankhwala a mutu waching'alang'ala (triptans), ochepetsa ululu (opioids), vitamini C, ndi sodium bicarbonate (baking soda). Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa.
Zinthu zofunika kukumbukira mukamamwa mankhwala
- Pitani kwa dokotala wanu nthawi zonse: Mukayamba kumwa mankhwala, tengani mwana wanu kuti akamupime nthawi yomwe yakhazikitsidwa monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti muwone ngati mankhwalawo akugwira ntchito, mlingo wake ndi wolondola, komanso ngati pali zotsatirapo zina.
- Kuopsa kwa chizolowezi: Mankhwalawa akagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, makamaka ngati mumwa mopitirira muyeso womwe waperekedwa, thupi ndi malingaliro zimatha kuzolowera, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pali kuthekera kwa chizolowezi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu.
- "Tchuthi cha Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo": Nthawi zina dokotala wanu angakuuzeni kuti musiye kupatsa mwana wanu mankhwala awa kwa kanthawi kumapeto kwa sabata kapena maholide a kusukulu. Izi zitha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha chizolowezi. Koma musasiye kumwa mankhwalawo nokha. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu musanapange chisankho chimenecho.
- Kusiya mankhwala: Ngati dokotala wanu asankha kusiya mankhwala, sizichitika nthawi imodzi. Mlingo wake udzachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono. Izi zimachitika kuti muchepetse zotsatira za kusiya mankhwala zomwe zimadza chifukwa chosiya mwadzidzidzi.
- Zotsatira za kugona: Popeza izi ndi zolimbikitsa, zingakhale zovuta kugona ngati mutamwa madzulo kapena usiku. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa m'mawa.
- Chilakolako cha chakudya: Mwana wanu akhoza kukhala ndi chilakolako chochepa cha chakudya panthawi yoyamba kumwa mankhwala. Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndi kumudyetsa chakudya chochepa komanso chopatsa thanzi pafupipafupi m'malo momupatsa chakudya chachikulu nthawi imodzi. Mwachitsanzo, mungamupatse zokhwasula-khwasula monga nthochi, yogurt, kapena galasi la madzi a zipatso. Ngati izi zipitirira, uzani dokotala wanu.
- Kukula kwa mwana: Ndikofunikira kuyeza nthawi zonse kutalika ndi kulemera kwa ana omwe akumwa mankhwalawa, chifukwa chilakolako cha chakudya chingakhale ndi zotsatirapo zochepa pa kukula. Dokotala amafufuzanso nthawi zonse izi.
Zotsatirapo zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha mankhwala
Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zake. Koma si aliyense amene amawapeza. Ena ndi oopsa, ena ndi ofala. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuwadziwa ndikuchitapo kanthu mwachangu ngati pakufunika kutero.
| Zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe ziyenera kufotokozedwa kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo | |
|---|---|
| Matenda a ziwengo | Kutupa pakhungu, kuyabwa, kutupa kwa nkhope, milomo, lilime, komanso kuvutika kupuma. |
| Zizindikiro za matenda a mtima | Kulimba pachifuwa, paphewa, ndi pa mkono, kuvutika kupuma, kutuluka thukuta, ndi chizungulire. |
| Kusintha kwa kugunda kwa mtima | Kumva ngati mtima wanu ukugunda mofulumira, kupweteka pachifuwa, kuvutika kupuma, komanso kukomoka. |
| Kuthamanga kwa magazi kowonjezeka | Mutu waukulu, chizungulire. |
| Kusintha kwakukulu kwa maganizo ndi khalidwe | Kusakhazikika, kusokonezeka maganizo, kuona zinthu molakwika, kuganiza zodzipha, mkwiyo waukulu. |
| Matenda a Serotonin | Nkhawa yosayerekezeka, kugunda kwa mtima kwambiri, kugwedezeka, thukuta, kutentha thupi, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba. Imeneyi ndi vuto loopsa. |
| Zizindikiro za sitiroko | Kusanza kapena kufooka mbali imodzi ya nkhope, mkono, kapena mwendo, kuvutika kulankhula, kuvutika kuyenda, kusintha kwa masomphenya. |
| Mavuto a zala (Raynaud syndrome) | Kusanza, kupweteka, kuzizira, ndi kusintha kwa mtundu wa zala ndi zala mpaka zoyera, zabuluu, kapena zofiira. |
| Chilakolako chogonana chopweteka komanso chokhalitsa (mwamuna) | Kupweteka kwa m'mimba komwe kumatenga maola opitilira 4. Uwu ndi vuto lomwe limafuna chithandizo chachangu. |
| Zotsatirapo zomwe nthawi zambiri sizili zoopsa, koma ziyenera kufotokozedwa kwa dokotala ngati zikupitirira | |
|---|---|
| Pakamwa pouma | Kumwa madzi pafupipafupi komanso kutafuna chingamu chopanda shuga kungathandize. |
| Mutu | Kawirikawiri zimawonedwa m'magawo oyamba. |
| Kutaya chilakolako cha chakudya ndi kuchepetsa thupi | Monga tanenera kale, dyetsani chakudya chochepa pafupipafupi. |
| Kupweteka m'mimba, nseru | Izi zitha kuchepetsedwa mwa kumwa mankhwala pamodzi ndi chakudya. |
| Kuvuta kugona | Ndikofunikira kumwa mankhwalawo m'mawa kwambiri. |
Kodi mungasunge bwanji mankhwala otetezeka?
- Sungani kutali ndi ana ndi ziweto:Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ndi bwino ngati zili pamalo omwe ana sangafikire mosavuta ndipo akhoza kutsekedwa.
- Tetezani ku kuba: Popeza mankhwala awa angagwiritsidwe ntchito molakwika, anthu ena angawabe. Choncho sungani pamalo otetezeka.
- Sungani kutentha kwa chipinda: Kawirikawiri, sungani kutentha kwa madigiri 20-25 Celsius. Tetezani ku kutentha kwambiri ndi chinyezi.
- Kutaya mankhwala otsala kapena otha ntchito: Mankhwala akatha kapena akatha ntchito, muyenera kuwataya. Njira yabwino ndikufunsa kuchipatala kapena ku pharmacy komwe mumapeza mankhwala anu ngati akulandira. Ngati sichoncho, tulutsani mapiritsiwo m'chidebecho, sakanizani ndi zinthu monga khofi wogwiritsidwa ntchito kale, dothi, kapena zinyalala za amphaka, muwaike m'thumba lotseka, ndikutaya m'zinyalala. Musawatulutse m'chimbudzi.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera. Musasinthe mlingo wake momwe mukufunira.
- Mankhwalawa aperekedwa kwa inu kapena mwana wanu yekha . Musapatse wina aliyense pazifukwa zilizonse.
- Musanayambe kumwa mankhwala, uzani dokotala mbiri yonse ya thanzi lanu ndi la mwana wanu komanso mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa .
- Ngati mukukumana ndi mavuto aakulu monga kupweteka pachifuwa, kuvutika kupuma, kapena kusintha kwakukulu kwa khalidwe, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.
- Sungani mankhwalawo pamalo otetezeka omwe ana sangawafikire .
- Onetsetsani kuti mankhwalawo ndi othandiza komanso otetezeka mwa kupita kukayezetsa dokotala nthawi zonse .
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