Kodi munayesedwapo magazi ndikuwona mawu ambiri ndi mfundo zosiyanasiyana pa lipotilo zomwe n'zovuta kuzimvetsa? Dokotala wanu mwina adzakufotokozerani, koma nthawi zina ife tokha timasokonezeka pang'ono ndi tanthauzo la zinthuzi. Mwachitsanzo, limodzi mwa mawu omwe mungawone pa malipoti ena a magazi ndi "Anion Gap". Lero tikambirana mwachidule za Anion Gap iyi ndi chifukwa chake ndi yofunika kwa ife.
Mwachidule, kodi Anion Gap iyi ndi chiyani?
Kuti timvetse izi, choyamba tiyenera kudziwa pang'ono za magazi athu. Pali mankhwala osiyanasiyana m'magazi athu. Ena mwa awa ali ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yabwino (+), pomwe ena ali ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yoipa (-). Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatchedwa kuti ma electrolyte . Sodium, potaziyamu, kloridi, ndi bicarbonate ndi mitundu ikuluikulu ya ma electrolyte.
Kotero, Anion Gap ndi kuwerengera kosavuta kwambiri. Ndi kusiyana pakati pa main positive (+) charges (monga sodium) ndi main negative (-) charges (monga chloride ndi bicarbonate) m'magazi anu. Kunena zoona, ndi "mpata" pakati pa ma measures abwino ndi oipa omwe amayesedwa.
Chofunika ndichakuti iyi si mayeso osiyana a magazi. Kuchuluka kwa Anion Gap kumeneku kumawerengedwa mu labu pogwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa sodium, chloride, ndi bicarbonate komwe kumapezeka mu mayeso a magazi nthawi zonse (monga electrolyte panel, BMP, CMP).
N’chifukwa chiyani madokotala akuda nkhawa ndi mtengo wa Anion Gap uwu?
Mtengo uwu umatipatsa chidziwitso cha chinthu chofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Umenewo ndi kuchuluka kwa asidi m'magazi mwathu . Monga momwe injini ya galimoto imafunikira kukhala ndi mafuta ndi madzi okwanira kuti igwire bwino ntchito, acidity m'magazi mwathu iyenera kukhala mkati mwa mulingo winawake kuti maselo m'thupi mwathu agwire ntchito bwino.
- Ngati acidity m'magazi iwonjezeka kwambiri, imatchedwa acidosis .
- Ngati asidi m'magazi atsika kwambiri ndipo alkalinity ikukwera, imatchedwa alkalosis .
Matenda onsewa akhoza kukhala oopsa chifukwa amasonyeza kuti chinachake m'thupi sichikugwira ntchito bwino. Choncho, ngati mtengo wa Anion Gap wasinthidwa, ndi chizindikiro chofunikira kwa dokotala kuti adziwe matenda monga acidosis.
Kodi dokotala amaona kuti mayeso amenewa ndi ofunikira pa nthawi iti?
Kawirikawiri, mungaone izi mukakhala ndi zizindikiro zosasangalatsa. Mwachitsanzo:
- Kuvuta kupuma
- Kusanza ndi nseru
- Kugunda kwa mtima
- Chisokonezo
- Kumva kutopa kwambiri
Koma nthawi zina, popanda zizindikiro zilizonse, kuchuluka kwa Anion Gap kumeneku kungakhale pa lipoti lanu ngati gawo la mayeso a magazi omwe amachitidwa nthawi zina monga kuyezetsa kwanu kwachipatala chaka chilichonse.
Kodi ndimakonzekera bwanji kuyezetsa magazi? Kodi chimachitika n'chiyani magazi akatengedwa?
Uku ndi kuyezetsa magazi mwachizolowezi, kotero sikufunika kukonzekera kwapadera. Komabe, nthawi zina dokotala wanu angakupempheni kuti musale kudya kwa maola angapo musanapereke magazi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti simuyenera kudya kapena kumwa chilichonse. Ndikofunikiranso kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala aliwonse omwe mukumwa, chifukwa mankhwala ena amatha kukhudza zotsatira za mayesowa.
Mukudziwa bwino momwe mungatulutsire magazi.
1. Mukakhala pampando, namwino kapena dokotala wa matenda a phlebotomist adzapeza mtsempha m'dzanja lanu.
2. Kenako, lamba wa rabara (tourniquet) amaikidwa pa mkono wapamwamba kuti mtsempha uwoneke bwino.
3. Mtsempha ukapezeka, malowo amatsukidwa bwino, singano yaying'ono imayikidwa, ndipo magazi ochepa amakokedwa mu chubu choyesera. Pa nthawiyi, zingamveke ngati nyerere yaying'ono ikukulumani.
4. Pambuyo poti magazi ofunikira atengedwa, singano imachotsedwa ndipo chidutswa cha thonje chimayikidwa pamalopo ndikukanikiza.
5. Kutuluka magazi kukatha, pulasitala kakang'ono kamayikidwa pamalopo ndipo ntchitoyo yatha.
Njira yonseyi imatenga mphindi zosakwana zisanu.
Kodi zotsatira zake zikuti chiyani?
Lipoti lanu la magazi likafika, pali china chake chomwe chimabwera ndi Anion Gap value. Imeneyo ndi "normal range". Izi zitha kusiyana pang'ono kuchokera ku labu kupita ku labu. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyerekeza mtengo wanu ndi normal range yomwe yaperekedwa mu lipotilo kuti muwone ngati ndi yachibadwa kapena ayi.
Tsopano tiyeni tiwone zomwe mtengo uwu ungatipatse ngati ukuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa.
| Mtengo Wopanda Anion | Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani (zitsanzo) |
|---|---|
| Mpata Waukulu wa Anion | Izi zikutanthauza kuti magazi anu ali ndi asidi wambiri. Izi zimatchedwa acidosis . Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha:
|
| Kusiyana kwa Anion Kotsika | Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri . Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu angabwereze mayesowo kuti atsimikizire kuti zotsatira zake ndi zolondola. Ngati pali mtengo wotsika chonchi, zifukwa zazikulu zingakhale izi:
|
Kodi ndiyenera kuda nkhawa ngati kuchuluka kwa Anion Gap yanga sikuli bwino?
Ayi ndithu. Kungoti kuchuluka kwa Anion Gap yanu kuli kunja kwa mlingo woyenera sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi matenda oopsa. Kumbukirani, ichi ndi chizindikiro chabe.
- Zitha kukhala chifukwa cha cholakwika chaching'ono chomwe chinachitika panthawi yotolera, kunyamula, kapena kuyesa magazi.
- Zingakhale chifukwa cha mankhwala omwe mukumwa.
- Zingakhale chifukwa cha kusintha kwakanthawi m'thupi lanu.
Dokotala wanu akayang'ana zotsatira zake, adzaganizira zinthu zambiri, monga zizindikiro zanu, mbiri yanu yachipatala, ndi mankhwala omwe mukumwa. Ngati kuchuluka kwa Anion Gap sikuli bwino ndipo pali kukayikira kulikonse, adzakulangizani kuti muyesedwenso kuti mupeze chifukwa chenicheni.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti musadandaule za mfundo zomwe zili mu lipoti lanu ndipo mulankhule momasuka za izi ndi dokotala wanu. Iye ndiye amene angakupatseni kufotokozera bwino kwambiri.
Tikudziwa kuti kuona zotsatira za mayeso osazolowereka kungakhale koopsa. Koma kumbukirani, mayeso onsewa amachitika kuti timvetse bwino thanzi lathu komanso kuti tidziwe mwachangu ndikuchiza mavuto aliwonse.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kugawanika kwa Anion si mayeso osiyana. Amawerengedwa kuchokera ku ziwerengero zomwe zimapezeka mu mayeso a magazi achizolowezi.
- Izi makamaka zimayang'ana bwino momwe magazi anu alili ndi acid-base .
- Kuchuluka kwa Anion Gap nthawi zambiri kumasonyeza kuwonjezeka kwa acidity m'magazi (acidosis). Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira matenda a shuga mpaka matenda a impso.
- Kuchepa kwa Anion Gap n'kosowa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa mapuloteni a albumin m'magazi.
- Ngakhale zotsatira zanu zitakhala kuti sizili bwino, musafulumire kuganiza nokha. Onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu kuti akuthandizeni kumvetsa bwino.
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