Kodi kadyedwe kanu kadutsa malire? Tiyeni tidziwe za Anorexia Nervosa!

Kodi munayamba mwawonapo munthu akuganizira kwambiri za chakudya, akuyesera kuchepetsa thupi? Mwina ndi inuyo. Ndizachibadwa kuda nkhawa ndi mawonekedwe a thupi lanu ndi kulemera kwanu. Koma ngati kuda nkhawa kumeneku ndi kulamulira zomwe mumadya kupitirira malire a nthawi zonse, kungayambitse matenda amisala ndi thanzi otchedwa Anorexia Nervosa . Lero, tikambirana za tanthauzo la anorexia nervosa, momwe imatikhudzira, komanso momwe tingapezere thandizo.

Kodi Anorexia Nervosa ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta!

Mwachidule, Anorexia Nervosa ndi matenda amisala okhudzana ndi kudya. Munthu amene ali ndi vutoli amaletsa kwambiri kudya ma calories. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amadya pang'ono kwambiri, nthawi zina osadya. Cholinga chachikulu cha anthuwa ndi kuchepetsa thupi lawo momwe angathere. Chifukwa chake, amadwala matenda osowa zakudya m'thupi. Ngakhale si nthawi zonse, BMI yawo (Body Mass Index) , yomwe ndi mtengo womwe umasonyeza kulemera kwa kutalika, nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsika kwambiri.

Mu mawu azachipatala, mawu oti "anorexia" amatanthauza kutaya chilakolako cha chakudya kapena kudana ndi chakudya. Komabe, mukawonjezera mawu oti "nervosa" pamenepo, zimakhala vuto la maganizo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, zimakhudzana ndi dongosolo lanu la mitsempha - ubongo wanu, mitsempha yanu, malingaliro anu. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha malingaliro ndi malingaliro oipa okhudza chakudya, kulemera kwa thupi, ndi mawonekedwe a thupi lanu.

Ndizachibadwa kuganizira zinthu izi ndikuyesera kuzilamulira. Koma kwa munthu amene ali ndi vuto la anorexia nervosa, palibe njira yothawira maganizo amenewa. Amawalamulira ndikuwapangitsa kuchita zinthu zoopsa kwambiri. Izi zingakhudze kwambiri thanzi la maganizo ndi la thupi. Ngati sizikudziwika ndi kuthandizidwa moyenera, zimatha kupha munthu.

Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya Anorexia Nervosa ndi iti?

Matenda a anorexia nervosa angagawidwe m'magulu awiri akuluakulu, kutengera momwe amachitidwira ndi chakudya:

• Kuchepetsa Kuchuluka kwa Ma calories: Mtundu uwu umaphatikizapo kuchepetsa kwambiri kudya ma calories, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti simudya kwambiri.
• Kudya chakudya chochuluka nthawi imodzi (binge-purge anorexia): Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchepetsa ma calories, koma nthawi yomweyo, mofanana ndi bulimia nervosa , kudya chakudya chochuluka nthawi imodzi (kudya kwambiri) kenako n’kuchotsa. Kuchotsa chakudya kumeneku kungachitike mwa kusanza, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otseketsa, kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso.

Mtundu wina wapadera ndi anorexia yosazolowereka . Pankhaniyi, munthuyo ali ndi zizindikiro za anorexia koma sanakhale (mpaka pano) wonenepa pang'ono. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzizindikira.

Kodi zizindikiro za Anorexia Nervosa ndi ziti? Kodi mumazindikira bwanji?

Zizindikiro za anorexia nervosa zitha kukhala zakuthupi, zamakhalidwe, kapena zamaganizo. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• Kuchepetsa thupi kwambiri mkati mwa milungu kapena miyezi ingapo.
• Kukhala ndi thupi lochepa poyerekeza ndi kutalika (nthawi zambiri BMI yosakwana 18.5 ).
• Pamene mwana akukula, kusintha kosaneneka kwa kutalika/kulemera kumachitika.
• Kuganizira kwambiri mitundu ya chakudya, kuchuluka kwake, ndi/kapena kuchuluka kwa ma calories.
• Maganizo ndi ndemanga zobwerezabwereza zokhudza kulemera ndi mawonekedwe a thupi.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mankhwala oletsa chilakolako, mankhwala otsekula m'mimba, kapena mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya chakudya.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa nthawi yayitali, makamaka mutadya, ngati kuti mwakakamizidwa .
• Kupita kuchimbudzi nthawi zonse mukatha kudya.

Tangoganizirani, muli ndi mnzanu amene ankadya bwino. Koma tsopano, kwa miyezi ingapo yapitayi, wachepa thupi kwambiri. Amakwiya kwambiri akamalankhula za chakudya, ponena zinthu monga, "Ichi chili ndi ma calories ambiri, omwe ali ndi mafuta ambiri." Amathamangira kuchimbudzi mwamsanga atadya. Ngati muwona chinthu chonga ichi, muyenera kuganiza kuti mwina ndi anorexia.

Pamene matendawa akupita patsogolo, zizindikiro za kusowa zakudya m'thupi zingawonekerenso. Mwachitsanzo:

• Kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa mtima (`Arrhythmias`).
• Kuzunguzika mutu, kumva chizungulire, kapena kukomoka.
• Kutopa kwambiri ndi kufooka kwa thupi.
• Kumva kuzizira nthawi zonse.
• Kukwiya msanga.
• Kutaya tsitsi.
• Kwa akazi, msambo umakhala wosakhazikika kapena umatha kwathunthu.
• Kutupa kwa miyendo.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa Anorexia Nervosa?

Palibe chifukwa chimodzi chokha chomwe chimayambitsa anorexia nervosa. Chingayambitsidwe ndi zinthu zingapo zamoyo, zamaganizo, komanso zachikhalidwe.

• Kusintha kwa ubongo: Asayansi apeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la anorexia amasintha kapangidwe ka ubongo wawo. Mwachitsanzo, ali ndi kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa ma neurotransmitters monga serotonin ndi dopamine . Ma neurotransmitters awa ndi mankhwala omwe amakhudza zinthu monga chilakolako chathu, momwe timamvera, kulamulira chilakolako chathu, komanso "dongosolo la mphotho" la ubongo.
• Majini ndi banja: Ngati wachibale wapafupi (amayi, abambo, abale) ali ndi vuto la kudya, muli ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza vuto limeneli. Izi zingakhudzidwe ndi majini omwe mumalandira kuchokera kwa makolo anu, komanso makhalidwe ndi zizolowezi zomwe mumaphunzira mukamakula m'banja mwanu.
• Kukakamizidwa ndi anzawo:Zisonkhezero za anthu pagulu ndi pantchito zimakhala zamphamvu kwambiri, makamaka ngati udindo wanu pagulu kapena pantchito yanu umadalira mtundu wa thupi lanu. Ntchito za othamanga, ovina, owonetsa mafashoni, ndi ochita sewero zonse zimagwirizana ndi izi. Achinyamata amathanso kudzidzudzula okha komanso ena. Kupanikizika kosatheka pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti pankhani ya zomwe zimaonedwa kuti ndi "zokongola" kungakhale chifukwa chimodzi cha izi.
• Zifukwa zamaganizo: Kudziona ngati wopanda pake, kapena kukhulupirira kuti kufunika kwa munthu kumadalira luso lake lolamulira thupi lake, kungayambitse vuto la kudya. Nthawi zina, malingaliro amenewa amayamba chifukwa cha zochitika zakale zoopsa kapena mavuto amisala monga nkhawa ndi kuvutika maganizo.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha Anorexia Nervosa ndi ati?

Kusadya bwino ndi kusala kudya kungakhudze pafupifupi chiwalo chilichonse ndi minofu m'thupi lanu. Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa chiwalo sikungatheke kubwezeretsedwa, ngakhale mutachira ku anorexia. Kusowa chakudya m'thupi kungakhudzenso kwambiri ubale wanu ndi thanzi lanu la maganizo ndi la maganizo. Ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo, zotsatirazi zingatenge nthawi kuti zichiritsidwe.

Ngati palibe chithandizo, anorexia ingayambitse matenda monga:

• Kuchepa kwa mafupa ( osteoporosis ) ndi kuwonongeka kwa enamel ya dzino.
• Kusweka kwa minofu ya mafupa mwachangu ( rhabdomyolysis ).
• Kuwonongeka kwa impso ndi chiwindi.
• Kulephera kwa mtima kapena kulephera kwa mtima.
• Kuchedwa kutha msinkhu ndi kukula kwa ana.
• Kusabereka kwa akuluakulu.
• Kuchepa kwa thanzi la maganizo, kudzivulaza komanso maganizo ofuna kudzipha.

Chofunika: Ngati mukuganiza zodzipha, chonde funani thandizo nthawi yomweyo. Mutha kuyimbira mabungwe monga Sri Lanka Friends (0112692909). Simuli nokha.

Kodi Anorexia Nervosa imapezedwa bwanji?

Madokotala amazindikira matenda a anorexia nervosa malinga ndi zofunikira zomwe zili mu bukhu lovomerezeka lozindikira matenda amisala , DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition) . Zinthu zitatu izi ndi izi:

1. Ma calories odziletsa okha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ana asamaonde kwambiri kapena asamaonde kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, kukhala ndi thupi lochepa poyerekeza ndi zaka, jenda, kutalika, ndi gawo la kukula.

2. Kukonda kwambiri kulemera kwa thupi komanso kuopa kwambiri kunenepa kapena kukhala "wamkulu".

3. Kukhala ndi malingaliro olakwika pa maonekedwe a munthu kapena kulephera kuvomereza kuopsa kwa vuto lake.

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za anorexia, dokotala adzakuyezani thupi lanu ndikulemba mbiri yanu yonse yachipatala, kuphatikizapo mbiri yanu ya thanzi la maganizo. Kenako, adzakufunsani mafunso atsatanetsatane okhudza zakudya zanu, masewera olimbitsa thupi, mankhwala ochepetsa thupi, ndi malingaliro ndi zikhulupiriro zina zokhudzana nazo.

Dokotala wanu angakupatseninso mayeso ena kuti awone momwe anorexia imakhudzira thupi lanu. Izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuyesa kuchuluka kwa mafupa
• Kuchuluka kwa magazi konse
• Electrocardiogram ( EKG )
• Kuyesa kwa paneli ya Electrolyte
• Mayeso a ntchito ya impso
• Mayeso a ntchito ya chiwindi
• Kuyezetsa magazi a chithokomiro
• Kusanthula mkodzo

Kodi Anorexia Nervosa imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha anorexia nervosa chimachitika payekhapayekha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, chithandizo chimachitika kwa munthu aliyense payekha. Zolinga zazikulu za chithandizo ndi izi:

• Kubwezeretsa thanzi labwino.
• Kukhazikitsa kuchepetsa thupi.
• Kuchotsa makhalidwe oipa okhudzana ndi kudya.
• Kuchiza mavuto amisala.

Vuto lalikulu pochiza munthu amene ali ndi anorexia ndi kuwathandiza kuzindikira ndikuvomereza kuti ali ndi matenda aakulu. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi anorexia amakana kuti ali ndi vuto la kudya. Amangofuna thandizo pamene vuto lawo lili lalikulu kwambiri moti likhoza kupha munthu. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira matendawa ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo msanga.

Dokotala wanu adzapanga dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe lili loyenera kwa inu. Lingaphatikizepo:

• Chithandizo cha zakudya
• Chithandizo cha maganizo
• Mankhwala
• Kugonekedwa m'chipatala

Kugonekedwa m'chipatala kungakhale kofunikira pochiza matenda osowa zakudya m'thupi kapena mavuto ena akuluakulu azaumoyo. Mavuto aakulu azaumoyo angafunikenso kugonekedwa m'chipatala. Nthawi zina mankhwala amathandiza kwambiri pochiza mavutowa. Komabe, chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali cha anorexia nervosa ndi psychotherapy.

Kodi psychotherapy ndi chiyani?

Chithandizo cha maganizo, kapena chithandizo cholankhula, chingakuthandizeni kusintha maganizo ndi makhalidwe okhudzana ndi matenda okhudzana ndi kudya. Chingakuthandizeni kukhala ndi malingaliro abwino okhudza chakudya, kulemera, ndi mawonekedwe a thupi. Chingakuthandizeninso kuphunzira njira ndi njira zabwino zothetsera nkhawa ndi malingaliro oipa.

Anthu ena omwe ali ndi anorexia angakhale ndi matenda ena amisala omwe amachititsa kuti asamadye bwino ('coexisting mental health conditions'). Ndikofunikira kuchiza matenda awa pamodzi ndi anorexia. Koma ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe matenda ena, anorexia ikadali vuto la thanzi lamisala. Chithandizo chiyenera kuthana ndi chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli m'maganizo mwanu.

Pali njira zambiri za psychotherapy, mwachitsanzo:

• Chithandizo chovomereza ndi kudzipereka (ACT): Njira iyi imayang'ana kwambiri pakukulitsa chilimbikitso chosintha machitidwe anu, mosasamala kanthu za malingaliro ndi momwe mukumvera.
• Chithandizo cha khalidwe la chidziwitso (CBT): Njirayi imathandiza kuthetsa malingaliro ndi malingaliro olakwika okhudza kulemera, mawonekedwe, ndi mawonekedwe, ndikupanga kusintha kwa khalidwe.
• Chithandizo cha matenda amisala (CRT): Izi zimaphatikizapo masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi zochita zomwe zimathandiza kukonza magwiridwe antchito anu amisala komanso mphamvu zanu zowongolera moyo wanu.
• Chithandizo cha khalidwe la dialectical (DBT): Maluso apadera omwe mudzaphunzire kuchokera ku DBT akuphatikizapo kukulitsa kusamala, kukonza maubwenzi, kuyang'anira malingaliro, komanso kuthana ndi kupsinjika maganizo.
• Chithandizo cha mabanja: Chithandizo cha mabanja n'chofunikira kwambiri kuti chithandizo cha anorexia chikhale chopambana. Chithandizo cha mabanja cha anorexia ( Njira ya Maudsley ) chimapatsa banja lanu udindo pa zakudya zanu.
• Kuchiza matenda amisala pakati pa anthu (IPT): IPT imakulitsa ubale wanu ndi kulankhulana kwanu, zomwe zingachepetse zizindikiro za matenda anu okhudzana ndi kudya.
• Psychodynamic psychotherapy: Chithandizochi chimayang'ana zomwe zimayambitsa anorexia, poganizira kuti ndi njira yothandiza kuti muchiritse.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha chithandizo cha anorexia ndi ati?

Vuto lalikulu kwambiri la chithandizo cha anorexia ndi refeeding syndrome . Izi zitha kuchitika munthu amene ali ndi vuto la kudya kwambiri akayambanso kudya. Thupi lanu limafuna michere ina kuti idye chakudya ndikupanga mphamvu. Pamene michere imeneyi ya thupi lanu yatha, thupi lanu limachotsa michereyo m'magazi mwanu.

Kusamutsa zakudya kuchokera m'magazi kupita ku maselo kungayambitse mavuto osiyanasiyana, nthawi zina ngakhale kupha. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyambanso kudyetsa mwana motsogozedwa ndi dokotala. Madokotala adzaonetsetsa kuti abwezeretsa zakudya zochepa m'thupi lanu kaye ndikukuyang'anirani mosamala panthawi yodyetsa mwana.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire matenda a anorexia?

Kuchira ku anorexia ndi ulendo wosiyana kwa munthu aliyense. Mbali zina za dongosolo lanu la chithandizo zingatenge nthawi yayitali kuposa zina. Chofunika kwambiri ndikukumbukira kuti kuchira n'kotheka. Kaya inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli kuti paulendowu, ndikofunikira kupitiriza kugwira ntchito kuti muchiritse.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti pankhani ya anorexia?

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamukonda akusonyeza zizindikiro za vuto la kudya, lankhulani ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Nthawi zonse ndi bwino kufunafuna thandizo mwamsanga. Ngakhale inu kapena wokondedwa wanu (komabe) simunakwaniritse zofunikira za anorexia nervosa, kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga kungathe kuletsa mbewu za matendawa kukula.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha munthu amene ali ndi anorexia ndi chiyani?

Chiyembekezo cha munthu amene ali ndi anorexia nervosa chimadalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo:

• Kodi akhala ndi vutoli kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?
• Mkhalidwe wawo uli woipa kwambiri.
• Kodi amalandira chithandizo chamtundu wanji?
• Mmene amatsatira bwino dongosolo lawo la chithandizo.

Matenda a anorexia akapitirira nthawi, matendawa amaipiraipira, ndipo zotsatira zake pa thanzi la thupi ndi la maganizo zimaipiraipira. N'zovuta kusintha zizolowezi zakale. Komanso, anthu omwe ali ndi anorexia nthawi zambiri amakana kuti ali ndi vuto. Angakane chithandizo kapena kulephera kukwaniritsa dongosolo lawo la chithandizo pakapita nthawi.

Popanda chithandizo, anorexia nervosa ikhoza kukhala vuto lomwe lingayambitse imfa. Matenda a kudya monga anorexia ndi ena mwa matenda oopsa kwambiri amisala, chifukwa cha thanzi la thupi komanso la maganizo. Anthu omwe ali ndi anorexia ali ndi mwayi wochuluka wa kufa msanga nthawi zisanu komanso mwayi wochuluka wa kufa ndi kudzipha nthawi 18.

Ndi chithandizo choyenera ndi chithandizo choyenera, kuchira n'kotheka. Koma nthawi zambiri zimatenga nthawi - ndipo pali chiopsezo chobwereranso. Chisamaliro cha nthawi yayitali ndi chithandizo cha okondedwa zingapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu.

Kodi anorexia ingapewedwe?

Sitikudziwa zonse zomwe zimayambitsa anorexia, ndipo sitingathe kulamulira zinthu zonse zomwe zingachititse vutoli. Koma tingathandize kwambiri polera ana athu komanso anthu omwe timawatsanzira.

tikhoza:

• Phunzitsani makhalidwe abwino odya ndi makhalidwe abwino.
• Thandizani ana kukhala ndi "chithunzi cha thupi labwino".
• Dziwani ndi kuthana ndi nkhanza, ndipo letsani ana athu kuzunza ena.

Ndizachibadwa kuchita manyazi, manyazi, kapena mantha okhudza kukhala ndi vuto la kudya. Koma dziwani kuti palibe cholakwika ndi kupempha thandizo. Kufunafuna chithandizo cha anorexia, kapena vuto lililonse la thanzi la maganizo, n'kofunika mofanana ndi kufunafuna chithandizo cha vuto la thupi. Ndipo, ngakhale sizikumveka bwino pakadali pano, zinthu zitha kusintha.

Ngati mukukayikira kuti munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi anorexia, simungadziwe momwe mungamuthandizire. Funsani malangizo kwa akatswiri azachipatala. Angamvere wokondedwa wanu, kuwapatsa zinthu ndi njira zolankhulirana naye. Akapeza matenda ndi chithandizo mwachangu, zimakhala bwino.

Chidule: Zinthu zofunika kwambiri kukumbukira

Ngakhale kuti anorexia nervosa ndi matenda aakulu, musaiwale kuti n'zotheka kuchira.

Chofunika kwambiri ndi kumvetsetsa kuti simuli nokha ndipo kufunafuna thandizo si kufooka.

• Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi zizolowezi zachilendo zodyera kapena nkhawa kwambiri za kulemera kwa thupi, funsani upangiri kwa dokotala.
• Kuzindikira msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo kumawonjezera mwayi wochira.
• Chithandizo ndi ulendo, chimatenga nthawi ndi kuleza mtima. Chithandizo cha achibale ndi abwenzi n'chofunika kwambiri.
• Yesetsani kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi, kudya zakudya zoyenera, komanso kukhala ndi maganizo abwino pa thupi lanu.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zikuthandizani. Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudzana ndi izi, chonde musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wodalirika.

Anorexia nervosa, anorexia, thanzi la maganizo, kulemera kwa thupi, matenda odya, zakudya, chithandizo