Kodi muli ndi kusiyana pang'ono pa valavu ya mtima wanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za valavu ya Bicuspid Aortic!

Kodi munayamba mwaganizirapo za zipata zazing'ono zomwe zili mumtima mwanu? Sitingaganizepo za kufunika kwa izi pa moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku. Koma nthawi zina timafika m'dziko lino ndi kusintha pang'ono m'zipata zazing'onozi, kutanthauza ma valve a mtima. Lero tikambirana za vuto limodzi lapadera la mtima. Izi zimatchedwa Matenda a Bicuspid Aortic Valve . Musachite mantha, chofunika kwambiri ndikudziwa izi.

Kodi valavu ya bicuspid aortic iyi ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Ganizirani mtima wanu ngati pompu yamadzi. Pompu iyi imapompa magazi oyera, okhala ndi mpweya m'thupi lonse. Pali chipata chofunikira kwambiri pomwe magazi amatuluka kuchokera mumtima kupita ku mtsempha waukulu kwambiri wamagazi m'thupi, aorta. Chipata ichi timachitcha kuti valavu ya aortic .

Kawirikawiri, mwa munthu wathanzi, valavu ya msempha imakhala ndi magawo atatu, kapena ma flaps, monga masamba atatu pakhomo. Ma flaps atatuwa amatseguka ndi kutsekedwa bwino kuti magazi ayende mbali imodzi yokha - kuchokera pamtima kupita ku msempha. Ma flaps awa amaletsa magazi kubwerera mumtima.

Komabe, munthu amene ali ndi `Bicuspid Aortic Valve` ali ndi ma cusps awiri mu `Aortic Valve`. `Bi'' amatanthauza `awiri'' ndipo `cuspid'' amatanthauza `kabuku'. Chifukwa chake, dzinali limachokera ku mfundo yakuti pali ma cusps awiri. Ili ndi vuto la ``kubadwa nalo'' , kutanthauza kuti limakhalapo pobadwa.

Tangoganizirani, chingachitike n’chiyani ngati chitseko chili ndi masamba awiri m’malo mwa atatu? Mwina chitseko sichingatseguke bwino, kapena mwina sichingatseke bwino. Ndicho chimene chimachitika ndi valavu iyi.

• Ngati valavu siikutseguka bwino: Zimakhala zovuta kuti magazi ayende patsogolo, kutanthauza kuti, kulowa mu aorta. Izi zimatchedwa 'Aortic Stenosis' , zomwe zikutanthauza kuchepa kwa valavu.
• Ngati valavu siitseka bwino: Magazi amabwerera mumtima kuchokera mu aorta. Izi zimatchedwa aortic regurgitation , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti magazi amabwerera kudzera mu valavu.

Mwina mwakhala muli ndi `Aortic Stenosis` kapena `Aortic Regurgitation` kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo mwina simukudziwa za izi. Mwina simungasonyeze zizindikiro zilizonse. Chifukwa `Aortic Valve` yanu ikugwira ntchito yake bwino momwe ingathere. Komabe, siigwira ntchito bwino ngati valavu yokhala ndi timapepala titatu.

Pakapita nthawi, valavu iyi ya bicuspid imapangitsa mtima wanu kugwira ntchito molimbika . Izi zingayambitse mavuto aakulu.Zingatheke. Ngakhale zingakhale zovuta kuvomereza chowonadi ichi, kuphunzira za vutoli kudzakuthandizani kumvetsa bwino.

Kodi kukhala ndi valavu ya bicuspid aortic ndi koopsa bwanji?

Si aliyense amene ali ndi bicuspid aortic valve amene amakhala ndi mavuto. Komabe, pafupifupi munthu mmodzi pa anthu atatu aliwonse amakhala ndi mavuto. Nthawi zina izi zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri komanso zoopsa . Ichi ndichifukwa chake anthu omwe apezeka ndi matenda a bicuspid aortic valve ayenera kupitiliza kuyesedwa ndi kutsatiridwa ndi dokotala.

Matendawa amakhudza pakati pa 1% ndi 2% ya anthu onse. Ndi ofala kwambiri mwa amuna kawiri kuposa akazi. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Turner alinso pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a mtima amtunduwu, makamaka matenda a bicuspid regurgitation.

Kawirikawiri, simungazindikire zizindikiro mpaka matendawa atakula kwambiri kapena mwadzidzidzi kuchipatala. Komabe, mayeso ojambulira zithunzi amatha kuzindikira kusintha pang'ono musanazindikire zizindikiro. Ndipo kupita patsogolo kwa chithandizo kungakuthandizeni kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wathanzi .

Kodi zizindikiro za vutoli ndi ziti?

Monga tanenera kale, mwina simungakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Mungakhale ndi moyo kwa zaka zambiri osadziwa kuti muli ndi kusintha pang'ono mumtima mwanu. Koma pakapita nthawi, zizindikiro zimayamba kuonekera chifukwa cha `Aortic Regurgitation` kapena `Aortic Stenosis`.

Ana aang'ono ndi makanda:

Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi bicuspid aortic valve, nthawi zina zizindikiro zimatha kuonekera atangobadwa kumene. Koma nthawi zambiri, zizindikirozi sizimawonekera mpaka patapita nthawi.

• Khungu lotumbululuka kapena labuluu (Cyanosis)
• Kusafuna kudya, mavuto onenepa

Zizindikiro mwa akuluakulu:

• Kumva kutopa (ichi ndiye chizindikiro chofala kwambiri)
• Kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kusasangalala
• Chizungulire kapena kukomoka
• Kumva mtima ukugunda mofulumira, kumva kugunda kwa mtima molakwika (kugunda kwa mtima)
• Kuvuta kupuma , makamaka panthawi ya ntchito

Anthu ambiri amangodziwa kuti ali ndi bicuspid aortic valve akangoyezedwa ndi dokotala. Izi zili choncho chifukwa zizindikiro zake zimatha kuiwalika mosavuta. Banja lanu kapena anzanu angazindikire kusiyana kwanu musanachite zimenezo.

Ganizirani kuchuluka kwa ntchito zomwe mungachite patsiku. Yerekezerani ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito zomwe mudagwira chaka chapitacho, kapena miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yapitayo. Kodi mumatopa mosavuta tsopano? Kodi mukufuna nthawi yochulukirapo yopumula? Ngati ndi choncho, izi zitha kutanthauza kuti mtima wanu ukugwira ntchito molimbika kuti ntchitoyo ithe.

Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kusunga nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala . Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kusintha kulikonse komwe mukuona pa moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa bicuspid aortic valve?

Ofufuza sanapezebe chomwe chimayambitsa vuto la bicuspid aortic valve. Komabe, ndi vuto la mtima lobadwa nalo lomwe limapezeka kwambiri . Limayamba msanga mimba isanakwane.

Kodi izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimachokera ku mibadwomibadwo?

Zikuoneka kuti n'zotheka, koma ofufuza sakumvetsabe bwino tsatanetsatane wake.

Valuvu ya Bicuspid Aortic ingagwire ntchito m'mabanja. Ngati wachibale wanu wapafupi (kholo, mwana, mchimwene/mlongo) ali ndi vuto la mtima, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Angakulimbikitseni kuti muyesere kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya mtima wanu .

Ngati muli ndi bicuspid aortic valve ndipo mukukonzekera kutenga pakati, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Ngakhale kuti vutoli silingathe kupewedwa, mutha kuyang'anira mimba yanu ndikuyesera kuzindikira mavuto aliwonse msanga .

Kodi mavuto a vutoli ndi otani?

Ngati sanalandire chithandizo, matenda a Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease angayambitse mavuto aakulu. Ena mwa mavutowa ndi awa:

• Kulephera kwa Mtima: Pankhani ya aortic stenosis, yomwe ndi pamene valavu imakhala yopapatiza, mtima umayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kwambiri kuti upompe magazi. Chipinda chachikulu chopopera magazi cha mtima, ventricle yakumanzere, chimakhuthala ndipo chimakhala chachikulu. Sichingathe kupompa magazi bwino. Pakapita nthawi, izi zingayambitse kulephera kwa mtima. Njirayi ikhoza kufulumizitsidwa ngati pali zinthu zina zoopsa, monga kusuta fodya ndi cholesterol yambiri.
• Kupasuka kwa Aortic Aneurysm ndi Kugawanika kwa Aortic:Pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anthu atatu aliwonse omwe ali ndi valavu ya aortic ya bicuspid akhoza kukhala ndi aorta yotambasuka, kapena yokulirapo, pamwamba pa valavu. Pamene aorta ikukula, makoma ake amataya mphamvu ndikusintha mawonekedwe. Pamapeto pake, izi zingayambitse aneurysm ya aortic, yomwe ndi bulbu ngati baluni pakhoma la aorta. Ngati aneurysm iyi ikukula kwambiri, imatha kuphulika kapena kung'amba khoma (aortic dissection) . Izi ndi zoopsa zomwe zingawononge moyo .

Kodi valavu ya Bicuspid Aortic Valve imayesedwa bwanji?

Nthawi zina, dokotala amatha kuzindikira vutoli panthawi ya ultrasound ya mtima wa mwana wosabadwayo panthawi ya mimba. Nthawi zina, valavu ya bicuspid aortic imapezeka panthawi yoyezetsa mwana pamene akukumana ndi zizindikiro chifukwa cha vuto lina la mtima.

Komabe, anthu ambiri amatha zaka zambiri osadziwa kuti ali ndi vutoli. Chizindikiro choyamba chingakhale kulira kwa mtima , phokoso losazolowereka mumtima lomwe dokotala wanu amamva ndi stethoscope. Kenako, dokotala wanu angachite mayeso ojambulira kuti awone kapangidwe ndi ntchito ya mtima.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amachitidwa kuti adziwe izi?

Dokotala wanu angakuyezeni mtima wanu ndikuchita mayeso awa kuti aone ngati muli ndi valavu ya bicuspid aortic:

• Echocardiogram (Echocardiogram - echo) : Izi zimakulolani kuona zithunzi za mtima zomwe zikuchitika.
• Kujambula kwa CT (Computed Tomography scans) : Izi zimatenga zithunzi za mtima m'magawo osiyanasiyana.
• `MRI ya Mtima` (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) : Izi zingapezenso zithunzi zatsatanetsatane za mtima.

Angakutumizireninso kuti mukayesedwe majini .

Kodi Bicuspid Aortic Valve imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Mankhwala monga beta-blockers ndi diuretics angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro. Koma sachiza matendawa kwathunthu . Pafupifupi anthu anayi mwa asanu aliwonse omwe ali ndi matenda a Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease adzafunika opaleshoni kuti awachiritse. Dokotala wanu adzakonza valavu yanu ya aortic kapena kuyika valavu yatsopano . Angathenso kukonza mavuto ena, monga aneurysm, panthawi ya opaleshoni yomweyo.

Dokotala wanu adzayesa vuto lanu, adzakuyesani mayeso, ndikukambirana nanu njira zina zochiritsira. Chithandizo chomwe mudzalandire chidzadalira momwe valavu yanu ya msempha ndi msempha ulili. Adzaganiziranso za thanzi lanu lonse la mtima, zaka, ndi matenda ena.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikuchita opaleshoni posachedwa, mtima usanawonongeke kwamuyaya. Ngakhale mutakhala kuti mulibe zizindikiro, dokotala wanu angafune kuchiza vutoli tsopano kuti apewe mavuto amtsogolo. Nthawi yabwino ndi yosiyana kwa aliyense. Gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakambirana nanu za njira zomwe mungasankhe.

Ukadaulo watsopano wasintha zotsatira zake komanso wachepetsa mavuto. Anthu ambiri tsopano angagwiritse ntchito njira zosavulaza kwambiri m'malo mwa opaleshoni yachikhalidwe yotsegula mtima .

Kusiyana pakati pa opaleshoni yachikhalidwe ya aortic valve ndi opaleshoni yochepa kwambiri

• Opaleshoni yachikhalidwe (yotseguka mtima) ya aortic valve: Izi zimaphatikizapo kudula mainchesi 6-8 pakati pa chifuwa, motsatira sternum. Dokotalayo amagawa sternum m'magawo awiri kuti afike pamtima mwachindunji.
• Opaleshoni ya valavu ya aorta yomwe siigwira ntchito bwino: Izi zimaphatikizapo kupanga kachidutswa kakang'ono kooneka ngati "J" ka mainchesi 2-4. Kachidutswa aka kangapangidwe pamwamba pa fupa la pachifuwa kapena pakati pa nthiti. Dokotala safunika kutsegula chifuwa chonse. Njirayi imachepetsa kutuluka magazi, imalola kuti munthu agone kuchipatala mwachangu, komanso ingafupikitse nthawi yochira.

Kukonza Valavu ya Aortic kapena Kusintha Valavu ya Aortic?

• Kukonza Valavu ya Mtsempha: Iyi ndi njira yokonza valavu yanu popanda kuisintha. Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la aortic regurgitation (magazi akutuluka mu valavu). Komabe, sichitha kuchiza aortic stenosis (kuchepa kwa valavu). Madokotala ochita opaleshoni nthawi zambiri amatha kuchita njirayi yosavulaza kwambiri kudzera mu "J" incision. Dokotalayo amakonzanso mapepala a valavu yanu ya mtsempha kuti awathandize kutsegula ndi kutseka bwino.

• Kusintha Valavu ya Mtsempha wa Aortic: Izi zikuphatikizapo kuchotsa valavu yanu yosakonzedwanso ndikuyika yatsopano. Madokotala opaleshoni amatha kusintha valavu yanu kudzera mu opaleshoni yachikhalidwe yotseguka kapena kudzera mu njira yocheperako yotchedwa Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) .

Vavu yatsopano yomwe mudzayikemo ingakhale 'valavu yachilengedwe' kapena 'valavu yamakina' .

• `Vavu ya zamoyo`:Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito valavu yamtunduwu nthawi 80%. Vavu iyi imapangidwa ndi minofu ya nkhumba kapena ng'ombe. Ndi yotetezeka ndipo imatenga nthawi yayitali. Komabe, patatha zaka pafupifupi 10, mungafunike opaleshoni ina kuti musinthe valavu.
• Valavu yamakina: Valavu yopangira iyi ndi yolimba kwambiri ndipo imatha kukhala moyo wanu wonse. Komabe, kuti igwire bwino ntchito, muyenera kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kwa moyo wanu wonse .

Anthu ambiri amakonda valavu yachilengedwe chifukwa safunika kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi. Koma zimatengera zaka zanu, matenda ena, komanso zomwe mumakonda. Dokotala wanu adzakulankhulani za njira izi ndikukuthandizani kusankha zomwe zili zabwino kwa inu.

Njira ina yosinthira ma valavu ndi njira ya Ross (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti njira yosinthira) . Izi zimaphatikizapo kutenga valavu yanu ya m'mapapo ndikuyiyikanso ndi valavu yanu ya aortic. Iyi ikhoza kukhala njira yabwino ngati muli ndi zaka zosakwana 50 ndipo mukufuna kupewa kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mavuto a chithandizo

Kawirikawiri, chiopsezo cha mavuto chifukwa cha opaleshoni ya valavu ndi chochepa. Komabe, zoopsa zomwe zingachitike zingaphatikizepo:

• Matenda
• Kutuluka magazi
• Magazi amaundana
• Stroke
• Matenda amtima
• Kusakhazikika kwa kugunda kwa mtima `(Arrhythmia)` (kwakanthawi)
• Kuchepa kwa ntchito ya impso (kwakanthawi)

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire ndi chithandizochi?

Opaleshoni yokonzanso Aortic Valve ingatenge miyezi iwiri kapena itatu kuti ibwerere mwakale. Opaleshoni yokonzanso Aortic Valve ingatenge mwezi umodzi kapena iwiri kuti ibwerere mwakale.

Kodi valavu ya bicuspid aortic ingapewedwe?

Palibe njira yopewera bicuspid aortic valve. Ndi yobadwa nayo , zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mumabadwa nayo. Komabe, mutha kusintha moyo wanu zomwe zingachepetse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi matenda ena a mtima, monga atherosclerosis ndi matenda a mitsempha ya mtima. Ngati muli ndi bicuspid aortic valve, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za momwe mungathanirane ndi zinthu zomwe zingakubweretsereni chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (BP)
• Cholesterol yapamwamba `(Hyperlipidemia)`
• Matenda a shuga
• Zinthu zokhudzana ndi moyo monga fodya ndi kumwa mowa

Ngati ndili ndi bicuspid aortic valve, ndiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani?

Pafupifupi 98% ya anthu omwe amachitidwa opaleshoni ya valavu amakhala moyo wawo popanda kusintha kulikonse. Ngati muli ndi valavu ya aorta ya bicuspid, mutha kukhala ndi moyo wautali ngati munthu amene alibe vutoli.Komabe, muyenera kutsatiridwa nthawi zonse ndi kuyezetsa ndi dokotala wanu. Dokotala wanu adzayang'ana valavu yanu ndikuonetsetsa kuti mwalandira chithandizo pakafunika kutero. Chithandizo ndi chofunikira kuti mupewe mavuto.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Ndi valavu ya bicuspid aortic, mutha kuchita zinthu zambiri zomwe mumakonda. Muyenera kusintha moyo wanu kuti mtima wanu ukhale wathanzi ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa mtima wanu. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi pamtima.
• Kuchepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa sodium (mchere) womwe mumadya.
• Kupewa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso.

Mudzafunika kuonana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse kuti muwone momwe mtima wanu ukugwira ntchito. Ngati mwachitidwa opaleshoni, mudzakumananso ndi dokotala pakatha milungu iwiri, miyezi itatu, ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Pambuyo pake, mudzakhala ndi nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala chaka chilichonse. Nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala ndi yofunika kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso kuti muone ngati pali mavuto aakulu.

Kodi ndi liti pamene ndiyenera kuda nkhawa ndi valavu ya bicuspid aortic?

Muyenera kuda nkhawa ndi valavu ya msempha wa bicuspid aortic ikayamba kusokoneza ntchito ya mtima wanu. Matenda a valavu ya msempha wa bicuspid aortic angayambitse aortic stenosis ndi regurgitation. Pakapita nthawi, mavutowa angayambitse kuwonongeka kosatha kwa mtima.

Ndiyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala wanga?

Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani kangati komwe muyenera kubwera kudzakumana ndi dokotala. Ngati mwachitidwa opaleshoni, padzakhala kutsatiridwa kangapo mkati mwa chaka choyamba kenako kamodzi pachaka pambuyo pake.

Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi vuto la valavu ya mtima, koma simunapezeke ndi matendawa, dokotala wanu angakutumizireni kwa dokotala wa mtima . Dokotala wanu wa mtima angakuyezeni matenda a mtima ndikukupatsani upangiri.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita liti ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) ?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za kuphulika kwa aneurysm kapena kung'ambika kwa msana , imbani 911 (kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yapafupi) nthawi yomweyo :

• Kupweteka mwadzidzidzi, koopsa, kobaya pachifuwa kapena kumbuyo
• Khungu limamveka lomata komanso lotuluka thukuta
• Chizungulire
• Chizungulire
• Kugunda kwa mtima
• Kusanza ndi kusanza
• Kuvuta kupuma

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga?

Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mwapezeka ndi bicuspid aortic valve, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za vuto la mtima wanu komanso ngati mukufunikira chithandizo. Mafunso ena oti mufunse ndi awa:

• Kodi opaleshoni ndiyofunikira?
• Kodi mungandilimbikitse kusintha moyo wanga kuti ndikhale ndi thanzi labwino la mtima?
• Kodi pali zizindikiro zilizonse za kutuluka magazi kapena kuchepa kwa mtsempha wamagazi?
• Kodi njira yochiritsira idzakhala yotani?
• Ndi zizindikiro kapena mavuto ati omwe ndiyenera kuwasamala kunyumba?
• Ndi zochita ziti zomwe zingakhale zoopsa?
• Kodi ndingachepetse bwanji chiopsezo cha mwana wanga kudwala matenda a mtima mtsogolo?
• Kodi muli ndi zinthu zomwe zingandithandize kufotokozera mwana wanga za matendawa?

Kuthana ndi bicuspid aortic valve kungakhale kovuta kwambiri ndipo kungayambitse mafunso ambiri. Kumbukirani, madokotala ndi madokotala ochita opaleshoni ali pano kuti akuthandizeni inu kapena mwana wanu kukhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso lamphamvu. Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mwapezeka ndi vutoli posachedwa, tengani nthawi kuti mudziwe zambiri za vutoli. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe zambiri zomwe mukufuna kuti mumve bwino za momwe mungathanirane ndi vutoli. Komanso, kumbukirani kuti ali ndi ukadaulo wothandiza kuthana ndi mavuto msanga.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Vavu ya msempha wa bicuspid ndi vuto lobadwa nalo lomwe lingathe kuthandizidwa. Musachite mantha, koma dziwani.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikutsatira malangizo oyenera a zachipatala, kuyezetsa magazi nthawi yake, ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi. Simuli nokha, pali madokotala omwe angakuthandizeni. Tikukhulupirira kuti izi zakuthandizani kumvetsetsa bwino vutoli.

Valavu ya mtima ya Bicuspid , valavu ya aortic, matenda a mtima, zilema za mtima zobadwa nazo, opaleshoni ya mtima, aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation