Tikamva mawu oti "khansa," ambiri a ife timamva mantha aakulu. Zimenezo n’zachibadwa. Koma tikadziwitsidwa bwino za chilichonse chomwe timaopa, mantha amenewo amachepa pang’ono, ndipo timapeza mphamvu zothana nacho. Lero tikambirana za khansa. Koma sitikuyang’ana izi kuti tiope, koma kuti timvetse. Chifukwa khansa si matenda amodzi okha, koma ndi mndandanda wa matenda osiyanasiyana ambirimbiri. Ndicho chifukwa chake pali mitundu yambiri ya khansa.
Mwachidule, kodi khansa ndi chiyani?
Matupi athu amapangidwa ndi tizigawo ting'onoting'ono tomwe timatchedwa maselo mabiliyoni ambiri. Maselo amenewa amapangidwa, amakula, kenako amafa mwadongosolo kwambiri. Iyi ndi njira yolongosoka kwambiri.
Tangoganizani kuti maselo enawa amaiwala "kuchita zinthu motsatira malamulo." Amayamba kugawikana ndi kuchulukana mosalamulirika. Kenako maselo amenewo amalumikizana ndikupanga chinthu chonga chotupa .
Si chotupa chilichonse chomwe ndi khansa.
- Zotupa Zosavulaza: Izi si khansa. Zimapanga malo amodzi ndipo zimakhala pamenepo. Sizifalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi.
- Ziphuphu Zoopsa: Izi ndi zomwe timatcha khansa. Zitha kuchoka pomwe zinayambira, kuyenda m'magazi kapena m'thupi, ndikupanga zotupa zatsopano m'mbali zina za thupi. Timatcha izi kufalikira kwa khansa (Metastasis) .
Pali mitundu ina ya khansa, mwachitsanzo, khansa ya m'magazi, yomwe siimapanga zotupa zolimba ngati izi. Chomwe chimachitika pamenepo ndi vuto pakupanga maselo amagazi.
Kodi khansa imagawidwa bwanji m'magulu?
Mwina munamvapo madokotala akugwiritsa ntchito mayina ambiri akamalankhula za khansa. Musachite mantha mukaona mayina awa. Kupatsa khansa dzina lenileni ndikofunikira kwambiri posankha mankhwala oyenera a matendawa. Khansa zimagawidwa m'njira ziwiri zazikulu.
1. Malinga ndi Malo:
Iyi ndiyo njira yodziwika kwambiri yolankhulira za izi. Dzinali limachokera ku komwe khansa inayambira m'thupi.
- Ngati ziyamba m'mawere - Khansa ya m'mawere
- Ngati imayamba m'mapapo - Khansa ya m'mapapo
- Ngati ziyamba m'chiberekero - Khansa ya pachibelekero
- Ngati imayamba m'matumbo - Khansa ya m'matumbo
2. Malinga ndi Mtundu wa Minofu:
Iyi ndi njira yodziwika bwino yopezera matenda. Mayina awa amachokera ku mtundu wa selo lomwe khansa inachokera. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti madokotala akonze chithandizo.
| Gulu la khansa | Kufotokozera kosavuta | Zitsanzo |
|---|---|---|
| Khansa | Khansa zomwe zimapangika m'minofu yomwe imaphimba pamwamba pa thupi (khungu) kapena ziwalo zamkati (minofu ya epithelial). Uwu ndiye mtundu wofala kwambiri. | Khansa ya m'mawere, khansa ya m'mapapo, khansa ya m'matumbo, khansa ya pakhungu (Basal Cell Carcinoma) |
| Sarcoma | Khansa zomwe zimapangika m'minofu yolumikizana, monga mafupa, minyewa ya m'mimba, mafuta, minofu, ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Izi sizofala kwambiri. | Khansa ya mafupa (Osteosarcoma), Kaposi Sarcoma |
| Khansa ya m'magazi | Khansa zomwe zimakula m'mitsempha yopanga magazi, monga mafupa. Izi sizipanga zotupa zolimba. Chomwe chimachitika ndichakuti maselo oyera ambiri osazolowereka amapangidwa. | Matenda a Myeloid Leukemia (AML), Matenda a M'magazi Osatha a Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) |
| Lymphoma ndi Myeloma | Khansa zomwe zimakula m'maselo (mast cells) a chitetezo chamthupi. | Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Multiple Myeloma |
| Khansa ya Mitsempha Yapakati | Khansa zomwe zimakula m'minofu ya ubongo ndi msana. | Chotupa cha Ubongo, Meningioma |
Musachite mantha mukaona mulu uwu wa mayina!
Mutha kuona mitundu ingati ya khansa yomwe ilipo. Tikamva mayina monga Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST), ndi Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS), tingamve ngati sitikumvetsa chilichonse.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti mayina onsewa ndi magulu a anthu sizili pano kuti zikuopseni. Zilipo kuti zithandize dokotala amene akukuthandizani kusankha chithandizo chabwino komanso choyenera kwambiri chomwe angakupatseni.
Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale khansa ya m'mawere ili ndi mitundu ingapo. `(HER2-Positive Breast Cancer)` ndi mtundu umodzi. Pali mankhwala enieni a mtundu umenewo. Chifukwa chake, kuzindikira mtundu weniweni wa khansa ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti tipulumutse miyoyo.
Kodi muli ndi zizindikiro zilizonse kapena zokayikitsa?
Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyana kwambiri kutengera mtundu wa khansa. Zizindikiro zina zodziwika bwino zitha kuphatikizapo:
- Chotupa chatsopano, chosalimba kapena kutupa kulikonse pathupi.
- Kuchepetsa thupi mwadzidzidzi.
- Kutopa kosalekeza.
- Kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a khungu (bala losachira, kusintha kwa mtundu/kukula kwa banga).
- Kutsokomola kosalekeza kapena kusintha kwa mawu.
- Kusintha kwa machitidwe a m'mimba kapena kukodza.
Ngati mukukumana ndi izi, chonde musaganize kapena kudalira zongomva. Chinthu chabwino komanso chokhacho chomwe mungachite ndikuwonana ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito nthawi yomweyo.
Dokotala adzamvetsera mosamala zomwe mukunena, adzakuyesani, ndikukutumizani kuti mukafufuzenso ngati pakufunika kutero. Mwina si khansa. Koma chofunika kwambiri ndikuchotsa kukayikira. Chifukwa ngati khansa iliyonse yapezeka msanga (Kuzindikira Koyambirira) , nthawi zambiri imatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Khansa si matenda amodzi okha, koma ndi gulu la matenda omwe amachokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo m'zigawo zosiyanasiyana za thupi.
- Mayina ndi magulu osiyanasiyana a khansa cholinga chake ndi kuthandiza madokotala kusankha chithandizo chothandiza komanso choyenera kwambiri kwa wodwalayo.
- Ngati mwasintha zinthu zachilendo m'thupi lanu, chotupa, bala lomwe silikuchira, kapena chizindikiro chokhalitsa, musanyalanyaze.
- Musaganize kuti muli ndi matenda chifukwa cha zomwe mwawerenga pa intaneti kapena zomwe ena akunena. Nthawi zonse funsani upangiri kwa dokotala.
- Khansa zambiri zimatha kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ngati zapezeka msanga, choncho ndikofunikira kupeza upangiri wa dokotala msanga.
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