Kodi mulinso ndi mtsempha wamagazi wotsekeka m'khosi mwanu? Tiyeni tiphunzire zonse zokhudza Carotid Artery Stenosis!

Kodi munayamba mwaganizapo za vuto lalikulu ngati mitsempha ikuluikulu ya magazi mbali zonse ziwiri za khosi lathu yatsekedwa? Nthawi zina izi zingachitike popanda zizindikiro zilizonse. Lero tikambirana za matenda omwe angakule pang'onopang'ono komanso mwadzidzidzi kuti abweretse matenda oopsa monga sitiroko . Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha Carotid Artery Stenosis .

Kodi Carotid Artery Stenosis ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Carotid Artery Stenosis ndi vuto lomwe Mitsempha ya Carotid mbali zonse ziwiri za khosi lanu, mitsempha yayikulu yamagazi yomwe imanyamula magazi kupita ku ubongo wanu, kumaso, ndi kumutu, imatsekedwa kuchokera mkati. Taganizirani izi ngati chitoliro chamadzi chomwe chimatsekedwa ndi dothi ndi dzimbiri, zomwe zimachepetsa kuyenda kwa madzi. Chifukwa chachikulu cha kutsekeka kumeneku ndi kusonkhanitsa kwa chinthu chotchedwa plaque mkati mwa mitsempha. 'Plaque' iyi imapangidwa makamaka ndi mafuta omwe amasungidwa mu cholesterol .

Tili ndi mitsempha iwiri ya carotid mbali zonse ziwiri za khosi lathu. Mwa munthu wathanzi, mitsempha iyi imakhala ngati chitoliro choyera, chomwe magazi amayenda bwino popanda chopinga chilichonse. Magazi awa ndi omwe amanyamula mpweya ndi michere yomwe ubongo wathu umafunikira. Chifukwa chake, pamene plaque ikuwunjikana mu mitsempha imodzi kapena yonseyi, kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amapita ku ubongo kumachepa. Izi ndi zomwe madokotala amatcha atherosclerosis . Matendawa amawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi, ndipo ngati sanachiritsidwe, amatha kubweretsa sitiroko yoopsa, ngakhale imfa.

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?

Akuti pafupifupi 5% ya anthu onse akhoza kukhala ndi vutoli. Malinga ndi bungwe la American Stroke Association , sitiroko ndiye chifukwa chachisanu chachikulu cha imfa. Chiwopsezo cha kutsekeka kwa mitsempha ya carotid, komanso sitiroko, chimawonjezeka ndi ukalamba. Ndiko kuti, ndi chinthu chomwe chimawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi.

Kodi zifukwa ndi zoopsa zake ndi ziti?

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitsempha ya carotid stenosis ichitike. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri ndichakuti titha kuwongolera zina mwa izo. Nazi zina mwa izo:

• Kugwiritsa ntchito fodya ndi ndudu: Izi zimapangitsa kuti matenda ambiri ayambe. Kusuta fodya kumawononga mitsempha yamagazi ndipo kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha kudzikundikira kwa ma plaque m'magazi.
• Kunenepa Kwambiri: Monga matenda ena omwe amabwera ndi mafuta m'thupi , kunenepa kwambiri kumakhudzanso izi.
• Moyo wongokhala: Chiwopsezochi chimakhala chachikulu kwa munthu amene amagwira ntchito pampando tsiku lonse ndipo sachita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi (Kuthamanga kwa magazi / Kuthamanga kwa magazi):Kupanikizika kukakwera, makoma a mitsempha yamagazi amatha kuwonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti plaque ipange.
• Cholesterol yambiri: Ngati kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi kuli kokwera, chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti 'chikwangwani' chomwe tatchulachi chipangidwe chimapezeka.
• Matenda a shuga: Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga alinso ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi mavuto a mitsempha yamagazi. Matenda a shuga amasintha makoma a mitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti plaque ikulungidwe.
• Zaka: Pamene mukukula, chiopsezo chanu cha matenda ambiri chimawonjezeka mwachibadwa. Izi sizili zosiyana.

Ngati chimodzi mwa zinthuzi ziphatikizidwa, chiopsezo cha kutsekeka kwa mitsempha ya carotid chimawonjezeka kwambiri.

Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?

Kawirikawiri, kutsekeka kwa mitsempha ya carotid sikubweretsa zizindikiro mpaka stroke itachitika. Stroke imachitika pamene plaque mu mitsempha yamagazi yathyoka, kapena magazi kuundana pa plaque ndikupita ku ubongo, kutseka mtsempha wamagazi waung'ono mu ubongo. Izi zimatchedwanso ischemic stroke . Pamene kuyenda kwa magazi kutsekedwa mwanjira imeneyi, maselo a muubongo amasowa mpweya ndi zakudya ndipo amayamba kufa.

Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la transient ischemic attack (TIA) asanakumane ndi sitiroko yayikulu. Izi zili ngati "sitiroko yaying'ono." Izi zimachitika pamene mtsempha wamagazi muubongo umatsekeka kwakanthawi kenako n’kutsegulanso. TIA ndi chizindikiro chochenjeza kuti sitiroko yayikulu ikubwera.

Chofunika: Ngakhale zizindikiro za TIA zitatha patangopita mphindi zochepa, musanyalanyaze. Kufunafuna thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga kungathandize kupewa sitiroko yaikulu.

Kodi zizindikiro za sitiroko kapena TIA ndi ziti?

Zizindikirozi zitha kubwera mwadzidzidzi. Ngati muli ndi chilichonse mwa izi , muyenera kupita kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo :

• Mbali imodzi ya nkhope imagwa: Mukapemphedwa kuti mumwetulire, mbali imodzi ya nkhope singathe kumwetulira bwino.
• Kuvuta kulankhula kapena kusokoneza mawu: N'kovuta kuti ena amvetse zomwe zikunenedwa, ndipo mawuwo ndi osamveka bwino.
• Kutaya kapena kusawona bwino kwa diso limodzi: Zingamveke ngati nsalu yakuda ikugwa patsogolo pa diso limodzi.
• Kusamva bwino kapena kutaya kumva mbali imodzi ya thupi.
• Kufooka kwa minofu ndi kufooka kwa mphamvu mbali imodzi ya thupi: kulephera kukweza mkono kapena mwendo, kuvutika kuyenda.

Mungagwiritse ntchito chidule cha FAST kuti mukumbukire makhalidwe awa:

• F - Nkhope Yogwa
• A - Kufooka kwa Dzanja
• S - Kuvuta Kulankhula
• T - Nthawi yoti muyimbire ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi (mugone kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo)

Ngakhale ngati pali kutsekeka kwa mtsempha wa carotid, kungayambitse ziwalo zopuwala.Ngati mulibe chimfine, simungazindikire zizindikiro zilizonse. Ndicho chifukwa chake izi ndizoopsa pang'ono.

Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji?

Nthawi zambiri, carotid artery stenosis imapezeka mutangoyamba zizindikiro za sitiroko. Imapezeka pokhapokha madokotala akamayesa kuti apeze chomwe chimayambitsa sitiroko.

Nthawi zina, dokotala akamafufuza khosi lanu ndi stethoscope pazifukwa zina, angamve phokoso lachilendo, phokoso lolira (buut) kuchokera mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi. Zimenezi zingayambitsenso kukayikira za matendawa.

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso angapo kuti atsimikizire matendawa ndikupeza kuchuluka kwake komanso komwe kutsekeka kwake kuli:

• Kujambula kwa Ultrasound (Ultrasound / Duplex Ultrasound): Kujambula kumeneku kumagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a phokoso kuti apange zithunzi za mitsempha yamagazi mkati mwa thupi. Uku ndi kuyesa kosavuta komanso kosapweteka komwe kumachitika pamwamba pa khungu. Kungathe kuwona momwe magazi amayendera mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi komanso ngati pali kutsekeka kulikonse kapena kuchepa.
• CT Angiography (Computed Tomography Angiography - CTA): Kuyesa kumeneku kumagwiritsa ntchito makina otchedwa `CT` scanner (chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito X-ray kujambula zithunzi zamkati mwa thupi) kujambula zithunzi za mwatsatanetsatane za mitsempha ya carotid. Pa nthawi yoyesa kumeneku, utoto wapadera umalowetsedwa m'mitsempha yamagazi. Utoto uwu umapangitsa kuti malo otsekeka awonekere bwino pazithunzi. Kuyesa kumeneku kungachitikenso kwa anthu omwe ali ndi `pacemaker` yoyikidwa kapena omwe ali ndi `stents` yoyikira matenda ena.
• Angiography ya Ubongo: Iyi ndi njira yodziwira matenda. Komabe, mu njira iyi, katheta kakang'ono (chubu chopyapyala) kamadutsa m'mitsempha yamagazi ndipo kutsekeka kumayesedwa. Mu njira iyi, utoto wofanana umalowetsedwa m'mitsempha yamagazi kuti muwone bwino tsatanetsatane wa mitsempha. Iyi ndi njira yovuta pang'ono yoyesera.
• MR Angiography (Magnetic Resonance Angiography - MRA): Izi zikufanana ndi CT scan, koma sizigwiritsa ntchito X-ray. Zithunzizo zimatengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamaginito ndi mafunde a wailesi. Izi zingapangitsenso kuti pakhale zithunzi zatsatanetsatane za mitsempha yamagazi. Iyi ndi mayeso osapweteka.

Kodi mumawagawa bwanji kutsekeka kumeneku?

Akamafufuza matenda, madokotala amafufuza ngati muli ndi vutoli, momwe lilili loopsa, komanso komwe lili. Matenda a carotid artery stenosis nthawi zambiri amagawidwa m'magulu atatu akuluakulu: ofatsa, apakati, ndi ovuta.

• Kutsekeka pang'ono ndi komwe kutsekekako kuli kochepera 50%, kutanthauza kuti sikudzadza ndi theka.
• Kuchulukana kwapakati kumakhala pakati pa 50% ndi 79%.
• Kutsekeka kwakukulu kumakhala pakati pa 80% ndi 99%, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kuchuluka kwakukulu kumatsekeka. Uwu ndiye mulingo woopsa kwambiri.

Kodi izi zimachiritsidwa bwanji?

Cholinga chachikulu chochiza matenda a carotid artery stenosis ndikuletsa matendawa kuti asakule kwambiri. Izi zimayamba ndi kusintha kwa moyo :

• Kudya zakudya zabwino zopatsa thanzi.(Zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ochepa, mchere, ndi shuga wochepa, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri)
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse .
• Siyani kusuta konse.

Kuphatikiza apo, madokotala angalimbikitsenso aspirin tsiku lililonse, mlingo wa ana ochepetsa magazi, mankhwala othamanga magazi, ndi mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol.

Komabe, ngati kutsekeka kuli kwakukulu, kapena ngati mukuwonetsa zizindikiro za TIA kapena sitiroko, madokotala angakulangizeni opaleshoni.

• Kuchotsa Carotid Endarterectomy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kudula pang'ono pakhosi, kutsegula mtsempha wamagazi, ndikuchotsa plaque yomwe yadziunjikana mkati.
• Kuika stent pang'ono m'mitsempha yamagazi yotsekedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chonga singano, ndikukulitsa mtsempha wamagazi kuchokera mkati. Kenako plaque imatsekeka pakati pa stent ndi khoma la mitsempha yamagazi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi apitirire kuyenda popanda chopinga.

Dokotala wa opaleshoni ya mitsempha yamagazi kapena katswiri adzasankha opaleshoni iti mwa ziwirizi yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu.

Si matenda onse a carotid artery omwe amafunika opaleshoni kapena stent. Mankhwalawa alinso ndi zoopsa. Madokotala amalimbikitsa chithandizochi pokhapokha ngati chiopsezo cha ziwalo zopuwala chifukwa cha kutsekekako chikuposa zoopsa za opaleshoni.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi? Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire?

Matenda a carotid artery stenosis angakhale oopsa ngati sakudziwika ndi kuchiritsidwa mwachangu. Angayambitse ziwalo , imfa, kapena chilema chosatha. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa zizindikiro za sitiroko ndikuchitapo kanthu mwachangu ngati inu kapena wina awona chizindikiro choterocho.

Kuchiza msanga kwa carotid artery stenosis kungapulumutse miyoyo. Ngati pakufunika kutero, opaleshoni ndi stent zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Anthu ambiri amagona m'chipatala usiku wonse ndikuchira mwachangu kwambiri.

Mukakalamba, chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda a mitsempha ya carotid chimawonjezeka. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe mungachite kuti mupewe vutoli, komanso kupewa mavuto monga sitiroko, ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi . Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kudya zakudya zabwino, komanso kusasuta fodya. Onani dokotala wa banja lanu ndi dokotala wa mtima nthawi zonse ndikutsatira malangizo awo. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zosungira mtima wanu ndi kayendedwe ka magazi kukhala athanzi.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Chabwino, kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana, izi ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira:

• Matenda a Carotid Artery Stenosis ndi matenda omwe mtsempha waukulu wamagazi m'khosi umatsekedwa ndi mafuta (plaque).Stroke ikhoza kuchitika.
• Kusuta fodya, kunenepa kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol yambiri, matenda ashuga, ndi ukalamba ndi zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa izi.
• Nthawi zambiri, izi zimachitika popanda zizindikiro zilizonse . Komabe, ngati muli ndi `TIA` (mini-stroke) kapena zizindikiro za sitiroko (nkhope yanu ikugwa, kuvutika kulankhula, kufooka kwa mkono kapena mwendo), pitani kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo .
• Izi zitha kuzindikirika kudzera mu mayeso monga ultrasound, CTA, ndi MRA .
• Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kusintha moyo, mankhwala, ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, opaleshoni (Carotid Endarterectomy) kapena kuika stent .
• Njira yabwino yopewera izi ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi .

Mwamvetsa? Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudza izi, musaope kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

` Carotid Mitsempha ya Stenosis, Kutsekeka kwa Mitsempha ya Magazi M'khosi, Kufa Ziŵalo, Stroke, Kuyenda kwa Magazi Kupita ku Ubongo, Mafuta Ochuluka, Cholesterol Yambiri, Kuthamanga kwa Magazi Kwambiri, Kusuta, Zizindikiro, Chithandizo, Carotid Mitsempha ya Stenosis Sinhala