Phokoso lachilendo lochokera m'mitsempha ya carotid (Carotid Bruit) - Kodi ndi chinthu choopera?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, mwina mwazindikira kuti dokotalayo amaika stethoscope osati pachifuwa panu pokha, komanso nthawi zina mbali zonse ziwiri za khosi lanu. Mukawona zimenezo, mungakhale ndi nkhawa pang'ono ngati akunena kuti, "Ndikumva phokoso laling'ono kuchokera m'mitsempha yamagazi m'khosi mwanga." Ndizabwinobwino. Koma musachite mantha. Izi sizitanthauza nthawi zonse matenda oopsa. Lero tikulankhula za matenda omwe anthu ambiri sanamvepo, koma ndi ofunika kudziwa, otchedwa 'carotid bruit.'

Mwachidule, kodi chipatso cha carotid ichi ndi chiyani?

'Kutuluka kwa magazi m'mitsempha ya carotid' si matenda. Ndi phokoso lomwe dokotala amangomva pogwiritsa ntchito stethoscope. Kunena zoona, ndi phokoso losazolowereka komanso lachangu lomwe mumamva magazi akamayenda kudzera mu 'mitsempha ya carotid' mbali zonse ziwiri za khosi lanu.

Tangoganizirani, madzi akamayenda momasuka kudzera mu chitoliro cha madzi, palibe phokoso. Koma ngati pali kutsekeka pang'ono kapena dothi mu chitolirocho, madziwo amayenda mofulumira komanso movutikira, ndipo phokoso limamveka. Izi ndi chimodzimodzi ndi izi. Mtsempha waukulu womwe umapatsa magazi ku ubongo wathu ndi mtsempha wa carotid. Pakakhala choletsa chilichonse pakuyenda kwa magazi kudzera mu mtsempha uwu, kuyenda kwa magazi kumakhala kovutikira (kuthamanga kwa turbulent) ndipo phokosoli limapangidwa.

N’chifukwa chiyani phokoso lotereli lilipo? Chifukwa chachikulu n’chiyani?

Chifukwa chachikulu komanso chofala kwambiri cha izi ndi matenda otchedwa 'atherosclerosis' . Dzinali likumveka lovuta, sichoncho? Koma ndi losavuta kwambiri.

Mwachidule, chomwe chimachitika ndi chakuti cholesterol, mafuta, ndi zinthu zina zimasonkhana m'makoma amkati mwa mitsempha yathu yamagazi ndikupanga 'ma plaques' . Zili ngati limescale yomwe imakungika mkati mwa chitoliro chamadzi. Pamene ma plaques awa akukula pang'onopang'ono, njira ya magazi imachepa. Kenako, magazi akamayesa kuthamanga kudutsa m'malo opapatizawo, phokoso lokhumudwitsalo, kapena 'bruit', limamveka.

Kuchepa kwa mtsempha wa carotid uku kumatchedwa 'Carotid Artery Stenosis' .

Izi ndi zinthu zofunika kuziganizira. Chifukwa pamene mtsempha waukulu womwe umanyamula magazi kupita ku ubongo watsekedwa, ubongo ukhoza kusowa mpweya ndi zakudya. Komanso, nthawi zina chidutswa chaching'ono cha plaque chingasweke ndikutseka kwathunthu mtsempha wina waung'ono mu ubongo. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha kuukira kwa ischemic kwa nthawi yochepa (TIA) kapena sitiroko ya ischemic .

Choncho, ngati dokotala amva phokosoli, amaligwiritsa ntchito ngati 'chidziwitso' chofunikira kuti adziwe ngati pali chiopsezo chotere.

Kodi pali zifukwa zina?

Inde. Sizimachitika nthawi zonse chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi. Nthawi zina,

• Phokoso limeneli lingayambitsidwenso ndi kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka makoma a mitsempha yamagazi, monga Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD) .
• Ngakhale mwa anthu ena athanzi, phokosoli lingamveke chifukwa cha kusiyana pang'ono kwa momwe mitsempha yamagazi imakhalira.

Dokotala wanu adzadziwa chifukwa chenicheni ataganizira mbiri yanu yachipatala ndi zinthu zina.

Kodi kukhala ndi carotid bruit ndi vuto lalikulu?

Funso ili silingayankhidwe ndi "inde" kapena "ayi" yolunjika.

Nthawi zina, izi zingakhale chizindikiro choopsa chomwe chimasonyeza chiopsezo chachikulu cha sitiroko. Koma, sizili choncho nthawi zonse.

Tangoganizani dokotala wanu ali ngati wofufuza milandu. Phokoso la 'Bruit' ili ndi 'umboni' woyamba womwe amapeza. Umboni wokhawo sumuwuza kuti "uyu ndiye wolakwayo." Ayenera kufufuza mozama. Mofananamo, kungomva phokosoli sikutsimikizira kuti muli ndi matenda oopsa. Ndi chizindikiro chabe chakuti kufufuza kwina kukufunika.

Ngati dokotala wanena kuti pali carotid bruit, kodi chimachitika n’chiyani pambuyo pake?

Dokotala wanu sadzada nkhawa ndi phokosoli. Chinthu chotsatira chimene adzachita ndikupeza chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli. Kuyesa kosavuta komanso kosapweteka komwe kumachitika nthawi zambiri ndi 'Carotid Duplex Ultrasound' scan.

Izi zikufanana ndi kujambula komwe kumachitika pa amayi apakati. Kumagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a phokoso kujambula mitsempha yamagazi m'khosi. Kungathe:

• Yang'anani ngati pali ma cholesterol plaques m'mitsempha yamagazi.
• Ngati ilipo, yesani ndendende kuchuluka kwa mtsempha womwe watsekeka.
• Yang'anani liwiro ndi kapangidwe ka magazi.

Kutengera ndi zotsatira za scan iyi, dokotala adzasankha ngati mukufunikira chithandizo kapena ayi, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, choti muchite.

Makamaka, ngati muli ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zotsatirazi zomwe zingakuopseni, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kuti mugwiritse ntchito scan iyi.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti si aliyense amene amafunika opaleshoni kapena njira zina zothandizira. Chithandizo chimadalira momwe mtsempha wanu watsekekera, zaka zanu, ndi matenda ena aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo.

Chithandizo chingagawidwe m'magawo atatu akuluakulu.

1. Mankhwala

Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoyamba. Izi zitha kukhala zokwanira, makamaka ngati mitsempha ya m'mitsempha si yotsekeka kwambiri.

• Mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol: Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yoipa m'magazi ndikuletsa mapangidwe a plaque.
• Mankhwala ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi: Amalamulira kuthamanga kwa magazi ndipo amachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi.
• Mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana: Nthawi zina, mankhwala monga aspirin angapatsidwe kuti achepetse chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana.

2. Kusintha kwa Moyo

Izi zitha kukhala zofunika kwambiri kuposa mankhwala. Zinthuzi zithandiza kuchepetsa kutsekeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi kwambiri.

• Siyani kusuta konse: Ngati ndinu wosuta, chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndi kusiya lero. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ngati mukufuna thandizo pa izi.
• Zakudya zabwino pamtima: Chepetsani zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri, mchere, ndi shuga. Sinthani nyama yofiira (ng'ombe, nkhumba) ndi nsomba ndi nkhuku. Onjezerani ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, ndi masamba ambiri muzakudya zanu.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse: Kungakhale kosavuta monga kuyenda kwa mphindi 30 patsiku. Musanayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi atsopano, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe zomwe zili zoyenera kwa inu.

3. Maopaleshoni ndi njira zina

Izi ndizofunikira pokhapokha ngati mitsempha yamagazi yachepa kwambiri (stenosis yayikulu) ndipo dokotala atsimikiza kuti chiopsezo cha sitiroko ndi chachikulu kwambiri.

• Kuchotsa Carotid Endarterectomy: Izi zimaphatikizapo kudula pang'ono pakhosi, kutsegula mtsempha wamagazi, ndikuchotsa ma cholesterol plaques omwe asonkhana mkati.
• Kupaka minofu ya Carotid ndi Kupaka minofu ya Carotid: Izi zimaphatikizapo kulowetsa chipangizo chonga singano kudzera m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikudzaza baluni yaying'ono kuti ikule kutsekeka. Kenako, chubu chaching'ono chotchedwa stent chimayikidwa mumtsempha kuti chisachepenso.