Kodi mukudziwa za matenda a Cowden Syndrome? Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule!

Kodi mwaonapo ziphuphu zazing'ono zachilendo zikupangika pathupi lanu? Kapena mwina mwamvapo kuti winawake m'banja mwanu wadwala khansa ali wamng'ono kwambiri. Nthawi zina pamakhala vuto la majini lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha zinthuzi. Limodzi mwa mavuto amenewa ndi Cowden Syndrome. Kodi tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane lero?

Kodi matenda a Cowden ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, matenda a Cowden ndi matenda osowa kwambiri omwe amafalikira m'majini athu. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matenda otupa ngati khansa. Komabe, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga mitundu ina ya khansa.

Kodi izi ndizofala bwanji?

Ayi ndithu. Matendawa, otchedwa Cowden Syndrome, ndi osowa kwambiri . Malinga ndi akatswiri azachipatala, amakhudza pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anthu 200,000. Komabe, nthawi zina zizindikiro zake sizidziwika bwino, kotero zimatha kusapezeka.

Kodi matenda a Cowden ndi khansa?

Ayi, matenda a Cowden si khansa. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza mitundu ina ya khansa , ndipo amathanso kudwala ali aang'ono kuposa mwachibadwa (asanamwalire) . 'Kuyamba msanga' kumatanthauza kuti matendawa amayamba ali aang'ono kuposa mwachibadwa. Mwachitsanzo, mayi yemwe ali ndi matenda a Cowden akhoza kukhala ndi khansa ya m'mawere asanakwanitse zaka 40. Khansa ya m'mawere nthawi zambiri siimawonekera asanakwanitse zaka 60. Pali mitundu ina ya khansa yomwe ingakhale yogwirizana ndi vutoli:

• Khansa ya endometrial (khansa ya chiberekero)
• Khansa ya chithokomiro (makamaka mtundu wotchedwa 'khansa ya chithokomiro ya follicular')
• Khansa ya m'matumbo
• Khansa ya impso
• Melanoma, khansa ya pakhungu

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Cowden Syndrome ndi PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome?

Nkhaniyi ndi yozama pang'ono, koma ndiisunga mosavuta. `PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS)` ndi gulu la zizindikiro zobadwa nazo zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha (kusintha kwa majini) mu jini ya `PTEN`. Pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anayi aliwonse omwe ali ndi matenda a Cowden apezeka kuti ali ndi kusintha kumeneku mu jini ya `PTEN`.

Komabe, chifukwa zizindikiro za zonsezi zimafanana kwambiri, ngati muli ndi matenda a Cowden kapena vuto lofanana, dokotala wanu adzakuchitirani ngati muli ndi PHTS. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kuyezetsa khansa msanga komanso pafupipafupi ndikofunikira pa zonsezi.

Kodi zizindikiro za Cowden Syndrome ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za vutoli nthawi zambiri zimayamba kuonekera m'thupi m'zaka za m'ma 20. Anthu ena amangozindikira kuti ali ndi matenda a Cowden akafuna upangiri wa dokotala, mwina chifukwa cha ziphuphu zotchedwa hamartomas kapena chifukwa cha khansa yomwe imayamba ali aang'ono.

Ma hamartomas (otchedwa 'ha-ma-to-mas') ndi omwe amapezeka kwambiri komanso odziwika bwino pa matenda a Cowden. Ndi zotupa zopanda khansa, zofanana ndi zotupa. Zitha kufalikira kulikonse mthupi, mkati ndi kunja. Zimapezeka kwambiri pakhosi, pankhope, ndi pamutu.

Pali zizindikiro zina:

• Kukhala ndi mutu waukulu kuposa wamba (macrocephaly) .
• Matumbo ang'onoang'ono komanso osalala pakhungu (trichilemmomas).
• Chotsani matuza ngati matuza pansi pa mapazi, m'manja, ndi kumbuyo kwa manja (acral keratosis).
• Zomera zonga ziphuphu pa lilime, m'kamwa, kumbuyo kwa mmero, ndi m'ma tonsils (`oral papillomatosis`).

Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira izi: Kungoti muli ndi zina mwa zizindikirozi sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi matenda a Cowden. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amakayikira vutoli ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi .

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a Cowden?

Matenda a Cowden amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini komwe mumalandira. Mwachidule, majini amalamulira momwe maselo m'thupi lathu amakulira, kugawikana, ndi kufa. Mu matenda a Cowden, chifukwa cha vuto la majini awa, maselo osazolowereka amakula mosalamulirika ndipo amapitirirabe nthawi yomwe ayenera kutero. Pamapeto pake, maselowa amasonkhana pamodzi ndikupanga zotupa zomwe sizili khansa zotchedwa hamartomas.

Asayansi akufufuzabe za kusintha kwa majini komwe kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa iyi, majini okhudzana ndi matenda a Cowden. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a Cowden alibe kusintha kwa majini mu jini ya `PTEN`. Mwa anthu ochepa, kusintha kwa majini kwapezeka m'majini ena, monga `PIK3CA/AKT1`, `SDHB-D`, `KLLN` ndi `SEC23B`. Chifukwa chake, ofufuza azachipatala akupitiliza kufufuza izi.

Kodi izi zimadutsa bwanji m'mibadwomibadwo?

Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Cowden amalandira matendawa mu "autosomal dominant pattern." Izi zikutanthauza kuti mumalandira jini yabwinobwino kuchokera kwa kholo limodzi lobadwa nalo komanso jini yosinthika kuchokera kwa kholo lina. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwana aliyense ali ndi mwayi wa 50% wolandira jini yosinthika.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a Cowden Syndrome?

Chomwe chadziwika kwambiri ndi mbiri ya banja . Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi matenda a Cowden, muli ndi mwayi waukulu woti nawonso adwale matendawa.

Kodi mavuto omwe angakhalepo chifukwa cha vutoli ndi ati?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a Cowden, muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga mitundu ina ya khansa. Komanso, mutha kudwala khansa muli aang'ono , kapena mitundu ina ya khansa m'moyo wanu.Zitha kuchitika nthawi zosiyanasiyana, choncho ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za nthawi komanso kangati komwe muyenera kuyezetsa khansa.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji matenda a Cowden Syndrome?

Matenda a Cowden ndi matenda ovuta omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zambiri komanso matenda ena ofanana nawo. Ngakhale mutakhala ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikirozi, sizikutanthauza kuti muli ndi matenda a Cowden.

Kuti adziwe matenda a Cowden, madokotala amayerekezera matenda anu ndi njira zodziwira matenda zomwe madokotala omwe amaphunzira za matenda a khansa obadwa nawo amawapeza. Munjira imeneyi, matenda anu amafanana ndi njira zazikulu ndi zazing'ono . Mumapezeka ndi matenda a Cowden ngati muli ndi kuphatikiza kwapadera kwa njirazi.

Madokotala angaganize kuti muli ndi matenda a Cowden ngati:

• Kupatula `macrocephaly` (mutu waukulu), pali zinthu zitatu zofunika kuziganizira .
• Kukhala ndi muyezo umodzi waukulu kapena miyezo itatu yaying'ono .
• Kukhala ndi zofunikira zinayi zazing'ono .
• Mmodzi mwa achibale anu ali ndi matenda a Cowden kapena matenda ena ofanana ndi amenewa monga Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome (BRRS).

Zizindikiro za Cowden Syndrome

Nazi zina mwa mfundo zazikulu ndi zazing'ono zomwe madokotala amaganizira:

Zofunikira zazikulu:

• Khansa ya m'mawere
• Khansa ya endometrial
• Khansa ya chithokomiro cha follicular
• Kukhala ndi ma hamartomas ambiri m'matumbo (GI) tract
• Macrocephaly - (kuzungulira mutu kupitirira mtengo winawake)
• Kupezeka kwa madontho akuda (ma pigmented macules) pa glans mbolo
• Chidutswa cha khungu chikatengedwa ndikuyesedwa (biopsy), chimasonyeza zizindikiro za `trichilemmoma'
• Kukhala ndi khungu lokhuthala kwambiri (palmoplantar keratosis) m'manja ndi m'mapazi
• Kukhala ndi zotupa zambiri zonga ziphuphu (`papillomatosis`) mkamwa (mkamwa mucosal)
• Kuchuluka kwa ziphuphu zonga ziphuphu (`papules`) pakhungu la nkhope (`cutaneous facial`)

Zofunikira zazing'ono:

• Khansa ya m'matumbo
• Esophageal glycogenic acanthosis (iyi ndi vuto lenileni lomwe limapezeka m'mero)
• Matenda a Autism spectrum
• Zovuta pakuphunzira
• Khansa ya chithokomiro cha papillary
• Mavuto a chithokomiro (monga goiters, adenomas)
• Khansa ya impso
• Matenda a mafuta (`Lipomas`)
• Kukhala ndi 'hamartoma' imodzi m'mimba
• Mafuta m'machende (`Testicle lipomatosis`)

Ngati dokotala wanu akuganiza kuti mwina muli ndi matenda a Cowden, adzakufunsani za mbiri ya banja lanu ndipo angakufunseninso kuti muyesedwe majini kuti muwone ngati muli ndi kusintha kwa majini.

Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vutoli?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, ndikofunikira kuonana ndi katswiri wa majini kuti akupatseni upangiri . Kenako angasankhe ngati mukufuna kuchita zinthu monga kuyezetsa majini a PTEN. Angakutumizireninso kwa mlangizi wa majini . Mlangizi wa majini angakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa momwe matenda a majini monga kusintha kwa PTEN angakukhudzireni. Angafotokozenso zotsatira za kuyezetsa majini ndi zomwe mungafunike kuyezetsa khansa ngati muli ndi PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS). Popeza Cowden syndrome ndi vuto losowa, ndi bwino kupeza gulu kapena malo omwe amagwira ntchito bwino pa PHTS ndi Cowden syndrome.

Kodi madokotala amachiritsa bwanji matenda a Cowden?

Matenda a Cowden ndi matenda omwe amakhudzana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mavuto a pakhungu ndi khansa. Nthawi zambiri, anthu amazindikira kuti ali ndi matenda a Cowden akamalandira chithandizo cha matenda ena okhudzana ndi matendawa.

Komabe, ndikofunikira kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Cowden syndrome, koma omwe alibe khansa pakadali pano , aziyezetsa khansa nthawi zonse . Nazi zitsanzo zingapo:

• Kwa khansa ya m'mawere: Kujambula ma mammogram pachaka kuyambira ali ndi zaka 30. Kujambula kwa magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kungalimbikitsidwenso kwa iwo omwe ali ndi mabere okhuthala.
• Pa khansa ya chithokomiro: Kuwunika kwa chithokomiro chaka chilichonse kuyambira ali ndi zaka 7. Komabe, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro (monga mphuno ya chithokomiro, kuvutika kumeza), mungafunike kuyesedwa koyambirira.

Mofananamo, dokotala wanu angakulangizeninso kuti muwone ngati muli ndi khansa yamtundu wina (monga khansa ya m'chiberekero, impso, ndi m'matumbo) nthawi ndi nthawi, kutengera momwe mulili.

Kodi muyenera kuyembekezera chiyani mukakhala ndi vutoli?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a Cowden, mlangizi wanu wa majini adzakuthandizani kumvetsetsa zotsatira za mayeso anu a majini. Ngati mayeso anu a majini akuwonetsa kuti muli ndi matenda a PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS), adzakufotokozeraninso mayeso a khansa omwe mukufuna. Mutha kukhala ndi zaka zochepa kuposa munthu wamba .Mungafunike kuyamba kulandira mayeso a khansa awa. Komabe, mukalandira mayesowa nthawi zonse, mutha kupeza khansa musanakhale ndi zizindikiro.

Kodi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Cowden Syndrome amakhala ndi moyo wautali bwanji?

Nthawi yoti munthu akhale ndi matenda a Cowden imadalira momwe zinthu zilili pa moyo wake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mwapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mawere muli aang'ono ndipo yafalikira, nthawi yoti munthu akhale ndi moyo ikhoza kukhala yochepa kuposa ya munthu amene anapezeka ndi khansayo msanga ndipo anachiritsidwa. Komabe, kuyezetsa khansa koyenera kungakuthandizeni kupewa khansa, kapena kuigwira msanga pamene ingachiritsidwe.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji? / Kodi mumadzisamalira bwanji?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a Cowden, ndikofunikira kuti muyezedwe khansa nthawi zonse kuti mudziwe khansa musanayambe zizindikiro. Funsani dokotala wanu ngati pali zizindikiro zinazake zomwe muyenera kuzisamala zomwe zingakhale khansa. Ngati muli ndi matenda a Cowden, funsani mlangizi wanu wa majini ngati achibale anu ena ayeneranso kuyezetsa majini.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala? / Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala?

Inde, ndithudi. Matenda a Cowden, makamaka ngati mwapezeka ndi ``germline PTEN mutation`` kapena ``PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS),`` amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mitundu yambiri ya khansa. Gulu lanu lachipatala lidzayang'anira thanzi lanu lonse komanso zotsatira za mayeso a khansa nthawi zonse.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga? / Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala wanu?

Ndi bwino kufunsa mafunso ngati awa mukapita kwa dokotala wanu:

• "Ndadwala khansa yamtundu umodzi chifukwa cha vutoli. Kodi n'zotheka kuti ndidwale khansa yamtundu wina?"
• "Mayeso a majini akusonyeza kuti ndili ndi jini ya `PTEN` yosinthika. Kodi banja langa lonse liyenera kuyesedwa jini iyi?"
• "Kodi vutoli lingakhudze ana omwe ndili nawo mtsogolo?"
• "Ndili ndi matenda a Cowden, koma ndilibe kusintha kwa `PTEN`. Ndiye ndi kusintha kwina kotani komwe kungayambitse izi?"
• "Mayeso a majini akusonyeza kuti ndili ndi jini yosinthika yomwe imayambitsa matenda a Cowden. Kodi zimenezo zidzandipangitsa kudwala khansa?"

Matenda a Cowden ndi matenda osowa, obadwa nawo omwe ndi ovuta kuwazindikira. Ndi bwino kuonana ndi katswiri wa majini kuti mudziwe ngati muli ndi matenda a PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS). Madokotala anu amatha kukonza dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe likugwirizana ndi vuto lanu. Nthawi zina, ngati mayeso a majini sakupeza kusintha kwa PTEN, mungafunike mayeso osiyanasiyana kuti mupewe matenda ena. Mlangizi wanu wa majini adzakutsogolerani zomwe mungachite kenako.

Zingakhale zowopsa kudziwa kuti pali vuto m'thupi lanu, koma simukudziwa chomwe chili kapena choti muchite. Ngati mwapeza kuti muli ndi matenda a Cowden, muyenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso chakuti mutha kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansa kwa moyo wanu wonse. Ngakhale mukudziwa kuti pali mayeso omwe angazindikire khansa zizindikiro zisanawonekere, lingaliroli likhoza kukhala loopsa kwambiri. Ngati muli ndi vutoli, gulu lanu lachipatala lidzakhala likuyang'anira thanzi lanu nthawi zonse komanso zotsatira za mayeso. Adzachitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti athetse khansayo isanafalikire. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukhala olimba mtima, kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu, ndikupita kukayezetsa nthawi zonse.

Pomaliza zonse (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, tiyeni tiwone zina mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana:

• Cowden Syndrome ndi matenda osowa kwambiri omwe amakhudza majini omwe amachititsa kuti ziphuphu zomwe si khansa (hamartomas) zipangidwe m'thupi, komanso chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha khansa yamtundu wina (makamaka khansa ya m'mawere, ya chithokomiro, ndi ya chiberekero).
• Iyi si khansa yeniyeni, koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyesedwa pafupipafupi chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha khansa .
• Zizindikiro zimasiyana. Zofunika kwambiri ndi mutu waukulu (macrocephaly) ndi ziphuphu zinazake pakhungu ndi pakamwa. Zizindikiro izi zokha sizimasonyeza kuti matendawa alipo, ndipo matendawa amapangidwa kutengera zomwe dokotala akudziwa.
• Vutoli nthawi zambiri limagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusintha kwa majini `PTEN`. Kuyesa majini ndi upangiri wa majini ndikofunikira kwambiri pankhaniyi.
• Chithandizo chimayang'ana kwambiri pa kuzindikira msanga ndi kuchiza khansa . Chifukwa chake, pezani mayeso (mammogram, ultrasound, ndi zina zotero) zomwe dokotala wanu akulangizani pa nthawi yake.
• Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse za vutoli, kapena ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi zizindikiro izi, musazengereze kupita kwa dokotala ndikupempha upangiri. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwitsidwa ndikuchitapo kanthu msanga.

Kumbukirani, kukhala ndi vutoli kungakhale kovuta, koma ndi kuyang'aniridwa bwino ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, mungathe kuthana nalo. Simuli nokha.

Matenda a Cowden, Matenda a Majini, Chiwopsezo cha Khansa, Jini ya PTEN, Ziphuphu za Khungu, Hematoma, Matenda Obadwa Nawo, Kuyezetsa Khansa