Kodi ndinu wokonda kutchova juga? Kapena pali munthu amene mumamudziwa? (Gambling Disorder) Tiyeni tikambirane za izi!

Nthawi zina, kutchova juga, komwe mumayamba nako kusangalala pang'ono, ndi anzanu komanso kubetcha pang'ono, pang'onopang'ono kumatha kukhala vuto lalikulu lomwe limalamulira moyo wanu popanda kuzindikira. Kodi mudakumanapo ndi izi? Kapena mudawonapo munthu amene mumamudziwa, mnzanu, kapena wachibale wanu akuvutika ndi vuto la kutchova juga? Iyi ndi nkhani yomwe anthu ambiri safuna kukambirana, koma ikufunika kukambidwa. Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane za vuto ili lotchedwa Gambling Disorder , kapena, chizolowezi chosazolowereka cha kutchova juga.

Kodi Kutchova Njuga N'chiyani?

Mwachidule, vuto la kutchova juga ndi vuto la thanzi la maganizo. Limadziwika ndi khalidwe losalamulirika, lobwerezabwereza, komanso losasangalatsa la kutchova juga. Lingayambitse mavuto aakulu . Likhozanso kukhudza kwambiri ubale wanu ndi banja lanu, ntchito, sukulu, kapena mavuto azachuma.

Tikamanena kuti "kutchova juga", zimatanthauza chilichonse chomwe munthu amaika chinthu chamtengo wapatali (monga ndalama kapena katundu) pachiwopsezo poyembekezera kupambana china chake. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutchova juga. Yodziwika kwambiri ndi masewera a kasino ndi kubetcha pamasewera . Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti si aliyense amene amatchova juga amakhala ndi chizolowezi ichi.

Buku la American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) limaika chizolowezi chotchova juga ngati chizolowezi chochita zinthu mopitirira muyeso . Ndipotu, ndi chizolowezi chokhacho chomwe chimadziwika mu DSM-5. M'njira zina, chizolowezi chotchova juga chimafanana ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo . Zonsezi zimakhudza ubongo wanu. Zingayambitsenso zizindikiro zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kulolera mukasiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa.

Anthu ena amatchanso vutoli kuti "Compulsive Gambling" kapena "Problem Gambling" .

Ndani amene akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vutoli?

Kutchova juga kungakhudze achinyamata ndi akuluakulu . Ngakhale kuti kutchova juga n'koletsedwa kwa anthu osakwana zaka 18 m'mayiko ngati United States, n'kofala kwambiri kwa anthu azaka zimenezo. Kuyamba kutchova juga ali mwana kwadziwika kuti ndi chinthu chomwe chingayambitse chizolowezi chotchova juga akakula. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa nkhaniyi kwa ana anu.

Kodi chizolowezi chotchova juga n'chofala bwanji?

Ofufuza akuyerekeza kuti pakati pa 2% ndi 4% ya anthu aku America ndi omwe akukhudzidwa ndi chizolowezi chotchova juga. Komabe, ziwerengerozi sizingakhale zolondola kwathunthu. Chifukwa si aliyense amene akudwala matendawa amene amafuna upangiri kapena chithandizo chamankhwala. Ngakhale m'dziko lathu, n'zovuta kunena kuti ndi anthu angati omwe akuvutika ndi vutoli, chifukwa silimakambidwa poyera.

Kodi zizindikiro za chizolowezi chotchova juga ndi ziti?

Chizindikiro chodziwikiratu komanso chodziwikiratu cha chizolowezi cha kutchova juga ndichakuti chimasokoneza mbali zofunika kwambiri pa moyo wanu, monga ubale wanu ndi banja, ntchito, komanso kukhazikika kwachuma. Tangoganizirani, muli ndi mnzanu amene nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mavuto azachuma, akumenyana ndi banja lake, komanso akulephera kugwira ntchito yake bwino. Ngati zonsezi zikuchitika chifukwa chakuti nthawi zonse amakhala akutchova juga, chimenecho ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha chenjezo.

Nazi zina mwazinthu zapadera zomwe zingapezeke:

• Kuganizira nthawi zonse za kutchova juga: Kutchova juga kumakhala m'maganizo mwanu nthawi zonse, mpaka kufika poti simungathe kuganizira china chilichonse. Zinthu monga momwe mudzapezere ndalama nthawi ina, komwe mudzapite kukatchova juga.
• Kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri kapena zinthu zamtengo wapatali kuti mupeze chisangalalo ndi chilimbikitso chomwecho (Kulekerera): Chisangalalo chomwe chinabwera poyamba chifukwa chosewera ndi ndalama zochepa, pakapita nthawi, chimachepa. Chifukwa chake, chilakolako choseweretsa ndi ndalama zambiri kuti mupeze chisangalalo chomwecho.
• Kulephera mobwerezabwereza kulamulira kapena kusiya kutchova juga: Kaya mukuganiza bwanji kuti, "Sindidzatchova juganso," simungathe kutero.
• Kumva kusakhazikika kapena kukwiya mukayesa kusiya kutchova juga (Kusiya): Monga momwe munthu wokonda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, mukayesa kusiya kutchova juga, mumakhala ndi nkhawa, kukwiya, komanso kutopa.
• Kutchova juga mukakhala ndi nkhawa (monga "njira yothawira" ku malingaliro oipa): Mukakhala ndi chisoni kapena nkhawa, mumaganiza kuti kutchova juga ndiyo njira yokhayo yochotsera vutoli.
• Kuthamangitsa Zotayika: Kutchova juga kuti mubwezeretse zomwe mwataya posachedwapa , zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti mutaye zambiri.
• Kunamiza okondedwa awo za khalidwe lawo la kutchova juga kapena kubisa zambiri: Kunamiza kapena kubisala kwa abale ndi abwenzi za kutchova juga kwawo ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe adataya.
• Kudalira ena kuti apeze ndalama zothandizira kutchova njuga kapena kulipira ndalama zomwe zatayika pa kutchova njuga: Kubwereka ndalama kwa ena, kubwereka katundu, ndi kuchita zinthu ngati zimenezo.
• Kupitiriza kutchova juga ngakhale mutadziwa kuti kumakhudza kwambiri zachuma, ntchito, maphunziro, kapena ubale wanu: Kulephera kusiya kutchova juga, ngakhale mutadziwa kuti chilichonse chidzasokonekera.

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro izi, ndi nthawi yoti mudandaule.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa chizolowezi chotchova juga?

Palibe chifukwa chimodzi chokha chokhalira ndi chizolowezi chotchova juga, kapena chizolowezi china chilichonse. Ndi vuto lovuta kwambiri. Nazi zina mwa zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi chizolowezi chotchova juga:

• Kusintha kwa mankhwala mu ubongo.
• Zotsatira za majini.
• Makhalidwe a umunthu ndi matenda ena amisala omwe amakumana nawo nthawi imodzi.

Ubongo wa ubongo

Kutchova juga kumakhudza malo opindulitsa muubongo wanu. Tonsefe timakhala ndi cholinga chofunafuna mphotho. Nthawi zambiri, mphothozi zimachokera ku makhalidwe abwino. Mukakhala ndi munthu amene mumamukonda, kapena mukamadya chakudya chokoma, thupi lanu limatulutsa mankhwala otchedwa dopamine . Izi zimakupangitsani kumva bwino. Zili ngati kuzungulira: Mumafunafuna zokumana nazo zimenezo chifukwa mumamva bwino.

Ngakhale mukamatchova juga, mutha kupeza 'Dopamine' yambiri muubongo mwanu. Ganizirani za chisangalalo chomwe mumamva mukapeza ndalama zambiri! Komabe, m'malo mokulimbikitsani kuchita zinthu zomwe mukufunikira kuti mukhale ndi moyo (monga kudya, kugwira ntchito), kuchuluka kwa 'Dopamine' kumeneku kungawononge maganizo anu, momwe mukumvera, komanso khalidwe lanu.

Izi zingayambitse chilakolako choipa cha kutchova juga, m'malo mosangalala ndi zochita zolimbitsa thupi. Pakapita nthawi, kutchova juga kumasintha ubongo wanu, ndipo simumazindikira zotsatira zake . Kenako, muyenera kutchova juga kwambiri kuti mupeze chisangalalo chomwe munkachipeza kale. Izi zimatchedwa kulolerana .

Zotsatira za majini

Chizolowezi cha kutchova juga chimakonda kuchitika m'mabanja. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chikhoza kukhala ndi ubale wa majini . Kafukufuku wa mapasa ofanana wasonyeza kuti zinthu za majini, osati zinthu zachilengedwe (monga zokumana nazo zoipa paubwana), zingapangitse kuti pakhale chiopsezo chachikulu chotenga chizolowezi cha kutchova juga. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi vutoli, inunso mungakhale pachiwopsezo.

Makhalidwe a umunthu ndi matenda ena amisala

Kafukufuku wambiri wasonyeza kuti makhalidwe kapena machitidwe otsatirawa ndi ofala kwambiri pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chotchova juga:

• Kusaganiza bwino: Chizolowezi chochita zinthu mosaganiza.
• Kufunafuna zinthu zatsopano: Kufuna kuchita zinthu zatsopano komanso zosangalatsa.
• Kukakamizika: Kumva ngati ukuyenera kuchita chinthu mosalamulirika.
• Kuvuta kupanga zisankho ndi kukonzekera.
• Kusakhazikika kwa maganizo: Kumva chisangalalo nthawi ina kenako kukhala wachisoni nthawi ina.

Kuphatikiza apo, anthu omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chotchova juga amakhala ndi vuto lina la matenda amisala nthawi imodzi. Zina mwa izi ndi izi:

• Matenda Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo (SUD), makamakaMavuto okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mowa ('Matenda Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mowa').
• Matenda Oletsa Kugwedezeka.
• Matenda a maganizo, mwachitsanzo , kuvutika maganizo.
• Matenda Ovutika ndi Nkhawa.
• Matenda a Umunthu.

Anthu ena amakhala ndi mavuto amenewa asanayambe kutchova juga, koma ena amakhala ndi mavutowa atatha kutchova juga.

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji chizolowezi chotchova juga?

Kuti adziwe ngati muli ndi vuto la kutchova juga, dokotala wanu angakutumizireni kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo kapena mlangizi wa zizolowezi . Kumeneko, dokotalayo adzakufunsani mafunso (ndipo mwina achibale anu) okhudza chizolowezi chanu chotchova juga.

Akatswiri azaumoyo wamaganizo amagwiritsa ntchito njira zochokera mu Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) kuti adziwe ngati munthu ali ndi chizolowezi chotchova juga. Kuti mupeze matendawa, muyenera kuti mwakhala mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zosachepera zinayi za chizolowezi chotchova juga chaka chatha .

Kodi mankhwala otani a chizolowezi chotchova juga?

Bungwe la U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) silinavomereze mankhwala aliwonse ochizira chizolowezi cha kutchova juga. Komabe, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala amisala ingathandize.

Chithandizo cha maganizo ndi kuphatikiza kwa njira zosiyanasiyana zothandizira munthu kuzindikira ndikusintha malingaliro ake oipa, malingaliro, ndi machitidwe. Izi zimachitika ndi mlangizi wophunzitsidwa bwino komanso wovomerezeka wa zaumoyo wamaganizo (monga dokotala wamaganizo kapena wogwira ntchito zachipatala).

Chithandizo chingakuthandizeni ndi:

• Lamulirani kutchova njuga kwanu.
• Sinthani kupsinjika maganizo m'njira yoyenera.
• Pezani njira zina zogwiritsira ntchito nthawi yanu.
• Muzisamalira bwino ndalama zanu.
• Panganinso ubale ndi okondedwa anu.
• Mukachira, pitirizani kukhala ndi vutoli ndipo pewani zinthu zomwe zingakuchititseni kudwala.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda ena amisala omwe akukhudza khalidwe lanu la kutchova juga, yambani nawonso.

Nazi njira zina zomwe zingathandize kuthana ndi vuto la kutchova juga:

• Chithandizo cha Maganizo (CBT): Ichi ndi chithandizo cholunjika komanso chokonzedwa bwino. Mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo amakuthandizani kufufuza malingaliro ndi momwe mukumvera. Mudzaphunzira momwe malingaliro anu amakhudzira zochita zanu. Kudzera mu CBT, mutha kusintha malingaliro ndi machitidwe osafunikira komanso osalamulirika ndikukhala ndi malingaliro ndi zizolowezi zabwino. CBT ndi njira yodziwika bwino yochiritsira chizolowezi cha kutchova juga.
• Kufunsa Mafunso Olimbikitsa: Chithandizochi chimakuthandizani kuzindikira ndi kuthana ndi kusadzidalira kwanu pankhani yosintha zinthu zabwino. Kudzera mu njira iyi, mumasanthula khalidwe lanu lovuta la kutchova juga ndikuliyerekeza ndi machitidwe a kutchova juga a anthu ambiri. Izi zimakulimbikitsani kusintha khalidwe. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito pamodzi ndi njira zina zochiritsira.
• Chithandizo cha Psychodynamic: Chithandizochi chimayang'ana momwe machitidwe osazindikira amakhudzira khalidwe lanu. Cholinga chake ndikuwonjezera kudzidziwa kwanu komanso kumvetsetsa momwe machitidwe akale amakhudzira khalidwe lanu lamakono.
• Chithandizo cha Magulu: Uwu ndi mtundu wa chithandizo cha maganizo. Apa, gulu la anthu limasonkhana kuti likambirane mavuto awo motsogozedwa ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo. Chithandizo cha magulu chingakhale gwero lofunika la chilimbikitso ndi chithandizo chamaganizo kwa iwo omwe ali ndi mavuto a juga, makamaka iwo omwe ali kutali ndi abwenzi ndi abale awo chifukwa cha matenda awo.
• Chithandizo cha Banja: Njira yochizira iyi ingathandize kuphunzitsa okondedwa anu za vutoli ndikupanga malo okhazikika panyumba.

Kutchova juga kumakhudza aliyense mosiyana. Palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutchova juga. Chifukwa chake, njira zina zochiritsira zingagwire ntchito bwino kwa anthu ena kuposa ena. Zingatenge nthawi kuti mupeze njira yoyenera kapena katswiri wothandiza. Koma ndikofunikira kupitiriza kuyesetsa.

Kodi ndingapewe chizolowezi chotchova juga?

Inde, pali njira zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi chizolowezi chotchova juga:

• Pewani kapena chepetsani khalidwe la kutchova juga: Pewani kapena yesani kuchepetsa kutchova juga kwanu. Izi zikutanthauza kusamala ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi yomwe mumatchova juga, nthawi yomwe mumatchova juga nthawi imodzi, komanso ndalama zomwe mumawononga pa kutchova juga. Ngati mukuona kuti kutchova juga kwayamba kulamulira moyo wanu, pitani kwa dokotala kapena mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo nthawi yomweyo.
• Dziwani mbiri ya banja lanu: Ngati wina m'banja mwanu wakhala ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena zizolowezi za khalidwe, mungakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga vuto la kutchova juga. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zochepetsera chiopsezo chanu.
• Kuthana ndi kupsinjika maganizo mwaumoyo: Chiwopsezo cha chizolowezi chimawonjezeka panthawi ya kupsinjika maganizo ndi kusintha kwa moyo. Nthawi ngati izi, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zabwino zothanirana ndi mavuto, monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kusinkhasinkha, kapena kuchita zinthu zina zomwe mumakonda. Ngati mukuvutika kuthana ndi kupsinjika maganizo kapena matenda ena amisala, onani mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo .

Kodi chiyembekezo cha chizolowezi cha kutchova juga ndi chiyani?

Chiyembekezo cha chizolowezi cha kutchova juga, kutanthauza kuti, kuthekera kochira, chimadalira zinthu zingapo:

• Kuopsa kwa vutoli.
• Kaya mukufuna chithandizo kapena ayi.
• Kaya muli ndi matenda ena amisala.

Mwatsoka, anthu osakwana 10% omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chotchova juga amafunafuna chithandizo cha akatswiri . Anthu ambiri amayesa kuthetsa vutoli okha. Kumbukirani kuti chithandizo cha uphungu wa zaumoyo wamaganizo chingakuthandizeni kuthana ndi vutoli.

Poyerekeza ndi anthu ambiri, anthu omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chotchova juga ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodzipha . Kafukufuku wina wa anthu omwe akufuna chithandizo adanena kuti 32% ya iwo anali ndi malingaliro ofuna kudzipha, ndipo 17% anayesapo kudzipha kamodzi.

Ngati mukuganiza zodzipha, chonde lankhulani ndi munthu amene mumamukhulupirira nthawi yomweyo, kapena funsani upangiri wa dokotala. Muthanso kuyimbira manambala a foni yothandizira zaumoyo wamaganizo ku Sri Lanka (monga Sumitrayo 0112696666, National Institute of Mental Health 1926).

Ngati ndili ndi vuto la kutchova juga, ndingatani kuti ndidzithandize?

Kuwonjezera pa kufunafuna thandizo la akatswiri, nazi njira zina zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chizolowezi chanu chotchova juga:

• Ganizirani kulowa nawo gulu lothandizira monga Gamblers Anonymous (GA) . Dziwani ngati pali magulu ofanana kapena mautumiki othandizira ku Sri Lanka.
• Ngati muli ndi chilakolako chofuna kutchova juga, dzisokonezeni pochita zinthu zina monga kuwerenga buku, kumvetsera nyimbo, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kapena kulankhula ndi mnzanu.
• Mukayamba kulakalaka kutchova juga, khalani oleza mtima. Ngati mudzipatsa nthawi, chilakolakocho chingathe kapena kufooka.
• Musakhale nokha. Pemphani thandizo kwa okondedwa anu odalirika. Kambiranani nawo za mavuto anu.

Kodi ndingathandize bwanji munthu amene ali ndi chizolowezi chotchova juga?

Kupeza kuti munthu amene mumamukonda ali ndi vuto la kutchova juga kungakhale kovuta kwambiri komanso kovutitsa maganizo. Nazi malangizo ena othandiza wokondedwa wanu komanso inuyo:

• Lankhulani momasuka: Munthu amene ali ndi vuto la kutchova juga akalandira chithandizo mwachangu, zimakhala bwino. Fotokozani nkhawa zanu ndikuwathandiza kupeza chithandizo mwachangu momwe mungathere. Imbani foni yothandizira, onani dokotala kapena mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo , kapena perekani lingaliro lopita ku malo ngati Gamblers Anonymous. Perekani thandizo lanu ndi chithandizo popanda kuweruza.
• Yesetsani Kumvera Chifundo:Ngakhale simukugwirizana ndi wokondedwa wanu, mvetserani mosamala zomwe akunena. Mukamawamvetsera kwambiri, adzakuonani ngati munthu amene angamudalire.
• Khalani oleza mtima: Musayembekezere kuti chizolowezi cha wokondedwa wanu chidzathetsedwa mwa kukambirana kapena kuchitapo kanthu kamodzi kokha. Kuledzera kutchova juga ndi vuto lovuta komanso losatha. Palibe njira zachangu zothetsera vutoli.
• Dzisamalireninso: Anzanu ndi achibale a anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kutchova juga nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo, chisoni, komanso kusungulumwa. Ndikofunikira kusamalira thanzi lanu la maganizo ndikupempha thandizo ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikirozi.

Pomaliza, kumbukirani (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Mungachite manyazi kuvomereza kuti muli ndi vuto la kutchova juga, kapena mungaganize kuti mungathe kulithetsa nokha. Koma kumbukirani, palibe cholakwika kuvomereza kuti muli ndi vuto la kutchova juga. Mukalandira thandizo mwachangu, zinthu zidzakhala bwino. Ngati mukuda nkhawa ndi khalidwe lanu la kutchova juga, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kapena mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo . Alipo kuti akuthandizeni ndi kukuthandizani.

Simuyenera kudutsa ulendowu nokha. Pemphani thandizo, limakulimbikitsani.

Kusuta fodya, kutchova juga, thanzi la maganizo, chizolowezi, chizolowezi cha khalidwe, dopamine, psychotherapy