Kodi nthawi zonse mumadera nkhawa ndi zinthu zosafunikira? Izi zikunena za Matenda Odetsa Nkhawa (GAD)!

Kodi nthawi zina mumamva kutopa komanso kuda nkhawa ndi zinthu zazing'ono? Mwina si nkhawa yaying'ono chabe. Kuganizira kwambiri za ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi kuzidera nkhawa kungakhudze thanzi lanu la maganizo. Lero tikulankhula za matenda ngati awa, otchedwa 'Generalized Anxiety Disorder' kapena ``(Generalized Anxiety Disorder - GAD)``.

Kodi vuto limeneli ndi lotani? Kodi ndi Matenda Oda Nkhawa Omwe Amafala Kwambiri (GAD)?

Kodi nthawi zambiri mumadandaula ngakhale ndi zinthu zazing'ono? Kodi mumadandaula kwambiri komanso mosalamulirika ndi zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku, monga ntchito zapakhomo, ntchito za muofesi, ntchito za ana anu kusukulu, mavuto azachuma, kapena thanzi lanu kapena la banja lanu? Tangoganizirani, kuyambira nthawi yomwe mumadzuka m'mawa mpaka mukagona usiku, kodi mumamva ngati muli ndi nkhawa zambiri zomwe zikuzungulirani m'mutu mwanu? Ndicho chimene timangotcha `(Generalized Anxiety Disorder - GAD)`.

Tsopano mwina mukuganiza kuti, 'Ndani sadandaula? Aliyense amadandaula ndi chinachake.' N'zoona. Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi nkhawa pang'ono komanso mantha pamene vuto lalikulu likubwera m'moyo, pamene mayeso akubwera, kapena pamene muyenera kuyamba ntchito yatsopano. Komabe, kwa munthu amene ali ndi GAD, nkhawa imeneyi, mantha awa, amachitika nthawi zonse, ngakhale popanda chifukwa . Kunena zoona, zimakupangitsani kuda nkhawa kwambiri popanda chifukwa, komanso pazinthu zazing'ono. Zili ngati kuti maganizo anu ali ndi 'kusintha kwa nkhawa' komwe kumakhala nthawi zonse.

Mukapitiriza kuda nkhawa motere, sizimangokhudza maganizo anu okha. Zimakhudzanso thupi lanu . Mutha kumva mutu, kupweteka kwa thupi, komanso kusakhazikika. Ndipotu, zingakhale zovuta kupirira tsiku lonse. Akuti pafupifupi 3% ya akuluakulu ku United States amadwala matendawa, ndipo amakhudza pafupifupi 5% ya anthu nthawi ina m'miyoyo yawo. Komabe, 43% yokha ya omwe akhudzidwa ndi vutoli amafunafuna chithandizo. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukukumana ndi izi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kufunafuna thandizo kwa dokotala.

Kodi mukudabwanso ngati muli ndi matenda a GAD? Tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro izi.

Pali zizindikiro ziwiri zazikulu zomwe zingawonekere mu GAD:

• Kuda nkhawa kwambiri ndi zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku.
• N'kovuta kwambiri kulamulira maganizo ovutitsa awa.

Kuwonjezera pa izi, nkhawa yosalekeza yomwe ili m'maganizo mwanu ingayambitsenso zizindikiro zakuthupi . Onani ngati muli ndi chilichonse mwa izi:

• Kuvutika kugona kapena kusagona bwino ngakhale mutagona, kudzuka pafupipafupi.
• Kumva kutopa komanso kutopa nthawi zonse.
• Kusakhazikika maganizo, kuda nkhawa kwambiri, kukwiya ngakhale pazinthu zazing'ono.
• Kupweteka mutu pafupipafupi.
• Kumva ngati mtima wanu ukugunda mofulumira (kugunda kwa mtima) .
• Minofu yanga ndi yolimba komanso yopweteka.Kumva kwake ndi `(Kukakamizika kwa minofu)`.
• Kusakhazikika .
• Zikumveka ngati kuti n'kovuta kupuma, ngati kuti ukupuma movutikira .
• Kutuluka thukuta popanda chifukwa.
• N'zovuta kuyang'ana kwambiri pa ntchito yomwe mukuchita.
• Kupweteka kwa thupi kosamveka bwino (monga kupweteka kwa minofu, kupweteka kwa m'mimba).

Zizindikiro zimenezi nthawi zina zimabwera ndi kutha, ndipo nthawi zina zimatha kukulirakulira mukakhala ndi nkhawa kapena nkhawa .

N’chifukwa chiyani timapeza GAD? Kodi zimayambitsa matenda amenewa ndi chiyani?

Ngakhale kuti sizingatheke kunena chomwe chimayambitsa GAD, ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti ndi kuphatikiza kwa zinthu zingapo.

• Kagwiridwe ka ntchito ka ubongo: Pakhoza kukhala kusintha kwina pa momwe ubongo wanu umachitira ndi nkhawa ndi kupsinjika maganizo.
• Majini: GAD imatha kuchitika m'mabanja. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi vutoli, mumakhala ndi mwayi waukulu woti mudwale. Kusintha kwa majini kungayambitse kusintha kwa mankhwala ofunikira muubongo, monga serotonin, dopamine, ndi GABA, zomwe zingakhudze momwe mumaganizira.
• Zochitika pa moyo: Zochitika zovuta komanso zosokoneza zomwe mwakumana nazo kwa nthawi yayitali (monga mavuto kuntchito, mikangano ya m'banja, ngozi) zingathandizenso kusintha momwe mumachitira zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku.

Ndani ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi GAD? (Zinthu Zoopsa)

Matenda a GAD angakhudze ana ndi akuluakulu. Nthawi zambiri amayamba ali ana kapena achinyamata, koma angayambe pa msinkhu uliwonse.

Mungakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga GAD pazifukwa zotsatirazi:

• Ngati ndinu mkazi .
• Ngati wina m'banja mwanu wapezeka ndi matenda a GAD .
• Ngati mwakumanapo ndi vuto lalikulu la maganizo kapena kupsinjika maganizo m'moyo wanu.
• Ngati munachitiridwa nkhanza muli mwana .
• Ngati mukudwala matenda ena amisala, mwachitsanzo, "Mantha Oopsa" (kugwa mwadzidzidzi kwa mantha), "Kukhumudwa" (kukhumudwa), kapena "Phobia" (kuopa chinthu china) .
• Ngati mukudwala matenda a nthawi yayitali (monga matenda a shuga, matenda a mtima).
• Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga fodya, mowa, kapena chamba nthawi zonse.

Kodi GAD ingayambitse mavuto ena?

Inde, GAD ikhoza kukhala limodzi ndi mavuto ena amisala . Mwachitsanzo, matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuvutika maganizo zingachitike limodzi ndi GAD. Muthanso kukumana ndi kusintha kwa maganizo, kusintha kwa khalidwe, komanso kusintha kwa mphamvu.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti nthawi zina GAD ingakupangitseni kukhala ndi malingaliro otopa ndi moyo, malingaliro odzivulaza. Ngati mukumva ngati muli pamalo ovuta chonchi, musazengereze kupempha thandizo. Ku Sri Lanka, kuli mabungwe monga Sumithrayo (0112692909 kapena 0112682535) omwe mungalankhule nawo kuti mupeze thandizo. Kapena mutha kuyimbira National Mental Health Helpline pa 1926. Kumbukirani kuti simuli nokha.

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji GAD molondola?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi GAD, mutha kuwonana ndi dokotala wa banja lanu, kapena mutha kuwonana mwachindunji ndi katswiri wa zaumoyo wamisala, monga ``Psychologist`` kapena ``Psychiatrist``.

Adzakufunsani mafunso okhudza thanzi lanu la maganizo komanso mbiri ya matenda a banja lanu . Mungakhale ndi mantha pang'ono komanso mantha panthawiyi. Koma ndikofunikira kwambiri kufotokoza zambiri momwe mungathere. Chifukwa ndi pamenepa dokotalayo adzatha kumvetsetsa bwino vuto lanu ndikukupatsani chithandizo choyenera.

Komanso, dokotala angapereke zinthu monga:

• Kuchita mayeso a thupi .
• Kukufunsani kuti mudzaze mafunso (monga ``GAD-7```) kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza momwe mukumvera.
• Kuona zinthu monga nkhope yanu ndi momwe mumalankhulira.
• Kuchita mayeso ena kuti muwone ngati pali chifukwa china cha zizindikiro zanu. Mwachitsanzo:
• Mayeso a magazi: `(Mayeso a ntchito ya chithokomiro)` (amayesa ntchito ya chithokomiro), `(Mayeso a shuga m'magazi)` (amayesa kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi), `(Mayeso a mankhwala)` (amayesa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala).
• Echocardiogram (onani ntchito ya mtima).

Kodi ndi njira ziti zodziwira matenda a GAD?

Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito njira zochokera mu Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5-TR) kuti adziwe matenda a GAD. Kuti mupeze matenda a GAD, muyenera kukhala ndi nkhawa kwambiri kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, masiku ambiri a sabata . Ndipo nkhawayo iyenera kukhala yovuta kwambiri kuilamulira .

Kuwonjezera pa nkhawa imeneyi yosalekeza, munthu wamkulu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro zitatu mwa izi (ana akhoza kukhala ndi chimodzi chokha):

• Kumva kusakhazikika kapena kuda nkhawa nthawi zonse.
• Kutopa mwachangu.
• Kuvutika kuganizira zinthu, kapena kumva ngati kuti maganizo anu ndi opanda kanthu.
• Kukwiya pa zinthu zazing'ono.
• Kuuma kwa minofu ndi kupweteka.
• Kuvutika kugona, kugona tulo tofa nato, kapena kusagona mokwanira.

Zizindikiro izi ziyenera kukhudza zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku, ntchito, ubale wa m'banja, komanso thanzi lanu lonse .

Komanso, dokotala adzatsimikizira kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro izi.Ikutsimikiziranso kuti zizindikiro sizimayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala kapena mankhwala ena . Ikutsimikiziranso kuti zizindikiro sizimafotokozedwa bwino ndi matenda ena amisala (monga "Matenda a Mantha", "Nkhawa za Anthu", "Matenda Ovutika Maganizo (OCD)", kapena "Matenda Ovutika Maganizo Pambuyo pa Zoopsa (PTSD)").

Kodi pali mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa? (Chithandizo cha GAD)

Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti GAD ndi matenda ochiritsika . Nthawi zambiri amachiritsidwa ndi psychotherapy (kulankhula ndi dokotala) kapena mankhwala, kapena kuphatikiza zonse ziwiri. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka ngati njira zonse ziwiri ziphatikizidwa. Dokotala wanu adzagwira nanu ntchito kuti apeze njira yoyenera kwa inu, kutengera zizindikiro zanu, zosowa zanu, komanso thanzi lanu lonse.

Kuchiritsa kudzera mu kulankhula: Psychotherapy

Kuchiza maganizo, mwachidule, ndi 'kulankhula ndi munthu wina' . Kumaphatikizapo kulankhula ndi munthu wina mozama za malingaliro anu, momwe mukumvera, ndi makhalidwe anu kuti muwamvetse. Izi zimachitika ndi mlangizi wodziwa bwino za thanzi la maganizo pamalo otetezeka komanso othandizira.

Ndi chithandizochi, mutha kuphunzira zida ndi njira zomwe mukufunikira kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino tsiku ndi tsiku ndikukweza thanzi lanu la maganizo.

Njira imodzi yothandiza kwambiri yochiritsira matenda a GAD ndi kudzera mu cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Imakuthandizani kuzindikira ndikusintha malingaliro oipa omwe amawonjezera nkhawa yanu ndikukupangitsani kuchita zinthu m'njira zina. Pakapita nthawi, CBT ingakuthandizeni kuchepetsa nkhawa yanu yochulukirapo ndikumanga maluso omwe mukufunikira kuti muthane ndi mavuto mwanjira yabwino.

Mpumulo ku mankhwala: Mankhwala a GAD

Mankhwala angaperekedwenso ngati gawo la dongosolo lanu la chithandizo cha GAD. Nazi zina mwa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri:

• Zoletsa Kubwerezabwereza kwa Serotonin (SSRIs): Mwachitsanzo, Escitalopram, Paroxetine, kapena Sertraline.
• Zoletsa Kutenganso Serotonin-Norepinephrine (SNRIs): Zitsanzo zake ndi Duloxetine ndi Venlafaxine.
• Benzodiazepines (Awa nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kanthawi kochepa).
• `(Buspirone)`.

Ngati mankhwala awa sakuthandizani, dokotala angaganizire za mankhwala ena, monga:

• `(Ma Tricyclic Antidepressants)`: Mwachitsanzo `(Amitriptyline)`.
• `(Ma Antipsychotics a m'badwo wachiwiri)`.
• `(Valproate)`.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala?

Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a GAD, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu nthawi zonse kuti muwone momwe mankhwalawo akugwirira ntchito komanso kusintha mlingo ngati pakufunika kutero.Ngati muli ndi zotsatirapo zilizonse kapena zizindikiro zatsopano, uzani dokotala wanu za izo.

Ngati mukulandira chithandizo cha psychotherapy, yesani kupezekapo pa nthawi iliyonse. Ngati simungathe, yesani kusintha nthawi yake. Zimatenga nthawi kuti muchire bwino kuchokera ku chithandizo. Koma kukhalabe ndi chithandizo ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri paulendo wanu wochira.

Ngati mwamva kuti mwatopa kwambiri kapena mukuganiza zodzivulaza, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. Ngati mwakumana ndi vuto ladzidzidzi, imbani 1990 (Suvaseriya) ku Sri Lanka, kapena pitani ku dipatimenti yothandiza anthu odwala mwadzidzidzi kuchipatala chapafupi.

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani mukakhala ndi GAD?

Izi zimatha kusiyana kwambiri malinga ndi munthu. Kwa ena, GAD ikhoza kukhala vuto la nthawi yayitali lomwe liyenera kuthetsedwa nthawi zonse. Masiku ena nkhawa ndi nkhawa zanu zimatha kuipiraipira , makamaka masiku omwe muli ndi nkhawa zambiri . Masiku ena, zimakhala zosavuta kuzilamulira.

Koma chabwino kwambiri ndichakuti chithandizo chingapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu. Ndi kuphatikiza koyenera kwa psychotherapy, mankhwala, ndi njira zothanirana ndi vutoli, mutha kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanu ndikumva bwino mukuwongolera moyo wanu. Gulu lanu lazachipatala, kuphatikiza madokotala, anamwino, ndi akatswiri ena, lidzagwira ntchito limodzi nanu kuti lipeze zomwe zikugwirizana bwino ndi thupi lanu, moyo wanu, ndi zolinga zanu. Pamene zosowa zanu zikusintha pakapita nthawi, dongosolo lanu la chithandizo likhoza kusinthidwa moyenerera.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe mungachite nokha ngati muli ndi GAD?

Kuwonjezera pa chithandizo chamankhwala, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite nokha kuti muchepetse zizindikiro za GAD:

• Sinthani zinthu zazing'ono zabwino pa moyo wanu: Chepetsani kumwa zakumwa zokhala ndi caffeine monga khofi ndi tiyi. Chepetsani nthawi yocheza ndi anthu pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti. Khalani ndi nthawi yocheza ndi anzanu komanso abale anu. Gonani mokwanira . Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi . Khalani ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi .
• Yesani njira zopumulira: Chepetsani kupsinjika maganizo mwa kuchita zinthu monga yoga, kusinkhasinkha, kapena kusinkhasinkha.
• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo: Mowa ndi mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo angapangitse kuti nkhawa yanu ikule kwambiri. Angagwirizanenso ndi mankhwala omwe mumamwa a GAD.
• Pezani chithandizo: Pali magulu othandizira komwe anthu omwe ali ndi GAD ngati inu angakumane. Angakuthandizeni kugawana zomwe mwakumana nazo, kuphunzira kuchokera kwa ena, ndikupeza chilimbikitso chomwe mukufuna pamene mukukhala ndi GAD.
• Gwiritsani ntchito 'Mapulogalamu' a zaumoyo wamaganizo:Pali mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana omwe angakuthandizeni kutsatira kusintha kwa momwe mukumvera komanso kuchita njira zothanirana ndi vutoli.

Pomaliza, ndiyenera kukuuzani izi ...

Matenda Ovutika Maganizo Omwe Amafala Kwambiri (GAD) angapangitse ngakhale ntchito zosavuta za tsiku ndi tsiku, monga kulima dimba kapena kutuluka m'nyumba, kumva ngati zolemetsa komanso zotopetsa. Pamapeto pake, kupsinjika maganizo kosalekeza kumeneku kungakupangitseni kumva ngati mwatopa komanso mwatopa.

Koma kumbukirani kuti simuyenera kulimbana ndi zizindikirozi nokha. Dokotala angakuthandizeni kupeza njira zothetsera vutoli ndikupanga dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe likugwirizana ndi zosowa zanu. Mutha kupeza mpumulo kudzera mu psychotherapy, mankhwala, kapena kuphatikiza zonse ziwiri.

Zimatenga nthawi kuti munthu achire. Muyenera kuleza mtima ndi inu nokha. Simungazindikire kusiyana kwakukulu nthawi yomweyo. Koma, ndi thandizo loyenera komanso chithandizo, pang'onopang'ono mutha kubwerera ku moyo wanu wamba, kukhala weniweni. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukumva kuvutika, sikuchedwa kupempha thandizo.

Nkhawa , thanzi la maganizo, GAD, nkhawa, kupsinjika maganizo, chithandizo, psychotherapy