Kodi nthawi zina mumamva kutopa kwambiri popanda chifukwa? Kodi mafupa anu, makamaka mawondo ndi zala zanu, zimapweteka, ndipo khungu lanu limaoneka lotuwa pang'ono kapena lofiirira? Nthawi zambiri timanyalanyaza zinthuzi ngati "momwe timakulira." Koma izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za vuto lomwe milingo yachitsulo m'thupi lathu imawonjezeka moopsa. Matendawa amatchedwa Hemochromatosis . Izi ndi zomwe tikulankhula lero.
Mwachidule, kodi Hemochromatosis ndi chiyani?
Hemochromatosis ndi vuto limene thupi lanu limasonkhanitsa chitsulo chochuluka . Anthu ena amatchanso kuti " kuchuluka kwa chitsulo ."
Kawirikawiri, matupi athu amamwa chitsulo chokha chomwe timafunikira kuchokera muzakudya zomwe timadya. Komabe, mwa anthu omwe ali ndi hemochromatosis, thupi limamwa chitsulo chochuluka kuposa chomwe limafunikira. Vuto ndilakuti palibe njira yochotsera chitsulo chochulukirapochi m'thupi.
Ndiye kodi thupi limasunga kuti chitsulo chochulukachi? Chimasungidwa m'mafupa anu, komanso m'ziwalo zofunika monga chiwindi chanu , mtima , khungu, pituitary gland, ndi kapamba . Pakapita nthawi, chitsulo chosonkhanitsidwachi chimayamba kuwononga ziwalozo. Ngati sichichiritsidwa, ziwalozi zimatha kusiya kugwira ntchito.
Pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya matendawa.
Mkhalidwewu ukhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri.
1. Matenda a Hemochromatosis Oyambirira: Mtundu uwu ndi wofala kwambiri. Ndi wobadwa nawo. Mwachidule, kuti mupeze matendawa, muyenera kulandira jini yolakwika kuchokera kwa amayi ndi abambo anu. Ngati mutalandira kuchokera kwa kholo limodzi lokha, simudzadwala matendawa, koma mukhoza kukhala wonyamula jiniyo.
2. Matenda a Hemochromatosis yachiwiri: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zina. Mwachitsanzo, vutoli lingachitike mwa munthu amene amafunika kuikidwa magazi pafupipafupi chifukwa cha vuto monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.
Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa vutoli?
Tiyeni tiwone zifukwa zake.
Zifukwa zoberekera (Primary Hemochromatosis)
Matupi athu ali ndi jini yotchedwa `HFE`. Ichi ndi chomwe chimalamulira kuchuluka kwa chitsulo chomwe timayamwa kuchokera muzakudya zomwe timadya. Kusintha kwa majini awiri a `HFE`, omwe ndi `C282Y` ndi `H63D`, ndi komwe kumayambitsa odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi hemochromatosis yobadwa nayo.
Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwa majini ena, monga `HJV` ndi `HAMP`, kungayambitsenso matendawa mwa anthu ochepa (pafupifupi 10%-15%). Anthu omwe amakhudzidwa ndi majini amenewa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro ali aang'ono.
Zimayambitsa matenda ena (Secondary Hemochromatosis)
Mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri umayamba chifukwa cha kuikidwa magazi pafupipafupi chifukwa cha matenda monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi (monga kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi) kapena kulephera kwa mafupa. Maselo ofiira amagazi omwe amaperekedwa mukapereka magazi amakhala ndi chitsulo chambiri. Popeza thupi lilibe njira yochotsera chitsulochi, amayamba kudziunjikira.
Komanso, kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha matenda a chiwindi amafuta ( cirrhosis ) kapena matenda a chiwindi a B kapena C osatha, kungayambitse chitsulo kudziunjikira m'thupi.
Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa?
Ngakhale kuti aliyense akhoza kudwala hemochromatosis, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti kaya muli ndi zinthu izi zoopsa kapena ayi, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro, muyenera kuwona dokotala.
| Choopsa | Kufotokozera |
|---|---|
| Kukhala ndi majini awiri a HFE olakwika | Ngati mwalandira jini lolakwika kuchokera kwa amayi ndi abambo anu. |
| Mbiri ya banja | Ngati m'modzi mwa makolo anu kapena abale anu ali ndi matendawa. |
| Kukhala mwamuna | Amuna ali ndi mwayi wochuluka wopeza matendawa kuposa akazi. |
| Azimayi omwe adasiya kusamba | Pamene msambo uletsa thupi kuchotsa chitsulo, chiopsezo cha chitsulo chimawonjezeka. Chiwopsezochi chimagwiranso ntchito kwa amayi omwe adachotsedwa chiberekero. |
Kodi inunso muli ndi zizindikiro izi?
Pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi hemochromatosis saona zizindikiro zilizonse. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro pakati pa zaka 30 ndi 50, pomwe akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro atatha zaka 50 kapena atatha kusamba.
| Zizindikiro zodziwika bwino | |
|---|---|
| Kupweteka kwa mafupa (makamaka m'malo olumikizirana mafupa ndi mawondo) | Kutopa ndi kutopa pafupipafupi |
| Kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa | Khungu limasintha mtundu kukhala bronze kapena imvi |
| Kupweteka m'mimba | Kuchepa chilakolako chogonana |
| Kutaya tsitsi m'thupi | Kukumbukira kosamveka bwino, kuvutika kuganizira |
| Mavuto omwe angabuke matenda akakula | |
| Mavuto a chiwindi (monga cirrhosis) | Matenda a shuga |
| Kusakhazikika kwa kugunda kwa mtima (Arrhythmia) | Kulephera kwa erectile mwa amuna |
Chofunika: Vutoli likhoza kukulirakulira ngati mumwa mapiritsi a vitamini C kapena kudya zakudya zambiri zokhala ndi vitamini C, chifukwa vitamini C imawonjezera kuyamwa kwa chitsulo kuchokera muzakudya.
Kodi mwapeza bwanji izi, Dokotala?
Popeza zizindikirozi zimatha kuwoneka m'matenda ena, nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira. Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani za mbiri ya matenda a m'banja mwanu ndipo adzakuyezaninso thupi lanu.
Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso awa akhoza kuchitidwa:
- Mayeso a magazi: Mayeso awiri akuluakulu amachitika pano.
- Kuchuluka kwa chitsulo m'magazi: Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa chitsulo chomwe chimamangiriridwa ku puloteni (transferrin) yomwe imanyamula chitsulo m'magazi.
- Serum Ferritin: Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa puloteni (ferritin) yomwe imasunga chitsulo m'magazi.
Ngati mayesowa akusonyeza kuti chitsulo chanu chili chochuluka, dokotala wanu angachitenso mayeso a majini kuti aone ngati muli ndi jini yomwe imayambitsa hemochromatosis.
- Kufufuza Chiwindi: Dokotala amatenga kachidutswa kakang'ono ka minofu kuchokera pachiwindi ndikukayang'ana pansi pa maikulosikopu kuti aone ngati pali kuwonongeka kulikonse pachiwindi.
- Kujambula kwa MRI: Izi zingatenge zithunzi zomveka bwino za ziwalo zanu ndikuwona ngati zili ndi chitsulo.
Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?
Ngati muli ndi matenda a Primary Hemochromatosis, chithandizo chake ndi chosavuta. Chimaphatikizapo kuchotsa magazi m'thupi lanu nthawi inayake. Izi zimatchedwa Phlebotomy.
Kuchotsa mafupa m'thupi (Phlebotomy)
Izi zikufanana ndi kupereka magazi. Dokotala kapena namwino wophunzitsidwa bwino amaika singano mu mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu ndikutulutsa magazi m'thumba la magazi.
- Chithandizo choyamba: Poyamba, muyenera kupita kuchipatala kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata kuti mukatenge magazi mpaka chitsulo chanu chitabwerera mwakale. Izi zingatenge miyezi ingapo kapena chaka chimodzi.
- Chithandizo chosamalira: Pamene chitsulo chabwerera mwakale, kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe amaikidwa m'magazi kumachepa, nthawi zambiri kufika kawiri kapena kanayi pachaka.
Chithandizo cha mankhwala (Chelation Therapy)
Ngati muli ndi vuto la hemochromatosis yachiwiri, kapena ngati mitsempha yanu siili yolimba mokwanira kuyamwa magazi, dokotala wanu angakupatseni chithandizo chotchedwa `Chelation Therapy.` Mu izi, mumapatsidwa mankhwala omwe amathandiza thupi lanu kuchotsa chitsulo chochuluka kudzera mu mkodzo ndi ndowe zanu.
Kodi vutoli lingathetsedwe kunyumba?
Munthu amene akulandira chithandizo cha phlebotomy nthawi zambiri safunika kusintha kwambiri zakudya zake, chifukwa chithandizocho chimawongolera kuchuluka kwa ayoni m'thupi mwake. Komabe, mutha kuchita izi kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha zovuta:
- Pewani mowa kotheratu. Mowa umawononga chiwindi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale choopsa kwambiri ndi matendawa.
- Pewani kudya nsomba zosaphika kapena nkhono. Mabakiteriya omwe ali m'zimenezi angayambitse matenda aakulu kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chitsulo chochuluka.
- Pewani kumwa mankhwala owonjezera a vitamini C. Komabe, palibe vuto kudya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zili ndi vitamini C.
- Pewani kumwa mapiritsi a chitsulo kapena mavitamini ambiri okhala ndi chitsulo.
- Pewani kudya chimanga cham'mawa chokhala ndi iron.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Hemochromatosis ndi matenda omwe amapangitsa kuti chitsulo chochuluka chizisonkhana m'thupi. Ngati sichichiritsidwa, chingawononge ziwalo monga chiwindi ndi mtima.
- Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro monga kutopa pafupipafupi, kupweteka kwa mafupa, komanso kusintha mtundu wa khungu. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.
- Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zobadwa nazo, koma zimathanso kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda ena.
- Chithandizo chachikulu ndi kuchotsa magazi nthawi zonse (phlebotomy), yomwe ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri komanso yotetezeka.
- Pamodzi ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, matendawa amatha kuthetsedwa bwino mwa kusintha moyo, monga kupewa kumwa mowa.
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