Kodi inuyo kapena mwana wanu muli ndi vuto la masomphenya? Dziwani za Matenda a Stargardt!

Kodi inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi vuto loti simungathe kuwona zinthu molunjika patsogolo, kapena maso anu akuyamba kuoneka osawoneka bwino? Mwina mutha kuwona zinthu zozungulira inu, koma zomwe mukuyang'ana sizikumveka bwino. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro ngati izi, chifukwa chimodzi chomwe chingakhalepo ndi matenda otchedwa Stargardt Disease . Tiyeni tikambirane za izi m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi Matenda a Stargardt ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, matenda a Stargardt ndi matenda omwe amakhudza gawo lofunika kwambiri la maso athu , `macula` . Taganizirani izi motere: ngati diso lanu lili ngati kamera, `retina` ndi nembanemba kumbuyo kwa kamera, monga filimu, komwe zithunzi zimajambulidwa. `Macula` ndi malo ang'onoang'ono osavuta kumva pakati pa `retina`. Tikayang'ana patsogolo, tikamawerenga buku, tikamayang'ana nkhope ya munthu wina, ndi `macula` iyi yomwe imatithandiza kuwona zinthu bwino. Timaitcha `masomphenya apakati` .

Mukakhala ndi matenda a Stargardt, "masomphenya anu apakati" amachepa pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi. Nthawi zina, izi zingakhudzenso "masomphenya anu akunja", omwe ndi luso lotha kuona zinthu mozungulira maso anu.

Mwina mwamvapo za matenda a maso . Ndi matenda omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza anthu okalamba, makamaka omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 60. Amatchedwa matenda a maso okhudzana ndi ukalamba . Komabe, matenda a Stargardt ndi osiyana. Nthawi zambiri amakhudza ana ndi achinyamata osakwana zaka 20. Ndicho chifukwa chake madokotala nthawi zina amatcha matenda a maso a achinyamata . Akakhudza m'mphepete mwa retina, amatchedwa fundus flavimaculatus .

Tsopano tiyeni tiwone chifukwa chake izi zimachitika. Matupi athu ali ndi chinthu chachikasu, chamafuta chotchedwa `lipofuscin` . Nthawi zambiri, ichi chimatuluka m'thupi. Komabe, mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a Stargardt, `lipofuscin` iyi imapangidwa mopitirira muyeso kapena siitulutsidwa bwino. Kenako `lipofuscin` yowonjezera iyi imasonkhana mu `retina`. Izi zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa ` photoreceptors`, mtundu wapadera wa selo lozindikira kuwala mu `retina` . Pakapita nthawi, kuwonongeka kumeneku kumabweretsa kutayika kwa masomphenya kosatha.

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a Stargardt ndi ziti?

Matenda a Stargardt angayambitse kusintha kwa maso ndi masomphenya motere:

• Kuona mawanga akuda kapena malo osawoneka bwino m'masomphenya:Mukayang'ana patsogolo, malo ena angawoneke akuda kapena amdima.
• Kuona zinthu molakwika : Kuona zinthu momveka bwino, kuona zinthu molakwika.
• Kumva kutopa ndi kuwala: Kumva kuvutika kuona padzuwa kapena pa magetsi owala.
• Kusawona mitundu kwatsopano: Ngakhale kuti kale munkaona mitundu bwino, tsopano simungathe kusiyanitsa mitundu ina bwino.
• Kuvuta kuzolowera kuwala kochepa/kwakukulu: Pamene mwadzidzidzi muchoka pamalo owala kupita kumalo amdima, kapena mukachoka pamalo amdima kupita kumalo owala, zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti maso azolowere.
• Kusawona bwino usiku : Kusawona bwino usiku kumakhala kochepa kuposa kale.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti zizindikiro za matenda a Stargardt nthawi zambiri zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Pakapita nthawi, mutha kutaya pafupifupi masomphenya anu onse apakati. Komabe, mutha kuwonabe kutali ndi mbali za maso anu (masomphenya ozungulira). Komabe, zinthu zomwe zili patsogolo sizidzamveka bwino.

Kodi ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a Stargardt?

Matenda a Stargardt ndi "matenda a majini" . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa majini athu. Makamaka, chifukwa chachikulu ndi kusintha kwa majini otchedwa "ABCA4 gene." Jini la "ABCA4" limeneli limathandiza " retina" yathu kugwira ntchito bwino.

Izi ndi 'cholowa' . Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimapatsiridwa kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana. Matenda a Stargardt amabadwa mu 'autosomal recessive pattern' . Mwachidule, kuti mwana akhale ndi matendawa, mayi ndi bambo onse ayenera kukhala ndi 'ABCA4 gene' yosinthidwayi. Sikokwanira kuti munthu m'modzi yekha akhale nawo.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji izi? (Kuzindikira)

Dokotala wa maso angadziwe ngati muli ndi matendawa. Iye adzayang'ana maso anu, adzayang'ana maso anu, komanso thanzi la maso anu. Muyenera kuuza dokotalayo nthawi yomwe zizindikiro zanu zinayamba komanso mavuto omwe mukukumana nawo.

Mungafunikenso kuchita mayeso ena monga awa:

• Electroretinography (ERG): Izi zimayang'ana momwe retina yanu imayankhira kuwala komwe kumalowa m'diso lanu.
• Fluorescein angiography: Iyi ndi njira yoyezera kuona mitsempha yamagazi mkati mwa diso.Taonani, amaika utoto wapadera mu mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu ndikujambula zithunzi za mkati mwa diso lanu.
• Kujambula zithunzi za fundus ndi kujambula zithunzi za fundus autofluorescent: Izi zimatenga zithunzi zomveka bwino za retina ndi macula anu. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wowona momwe lipofuscin imayikidwa.
• Kuyesa majini : Izi zitha kutsimikizira ngati pali kusintha kwa majini a ABCA4.
• Kujambula kwa Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Izi zili ngati kujambula kwa retina. Kungathe kuwona zinthu monga makulidwe a zigawo za retina, ngati pali lipofuscin, komanso ngati yawonongeka.

Kodi magawo a matenda a Stargardt ndi ati?

Dokotala wanu wa maso angagawane matendawa m'magawo angapo, kutengera momwe akupitira patsogolo. Umu ndi momwe angachitire:

• Gawo 1: Pa gawoli, chinthu chachikasu chotchedwa lipofuscin chimayamba kupanga tinthu tating'onoting'ono pa macula. Mutha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa kwambiri, kapena kusakhala ndi zizindikiro konse.
• Gawo Lachiwiri: Tsopano mawanga a `lipofuscin` afalikira kumadera ena a `retina` ozungulira `macula. Pofika pano mwina mwayamba kumva zizindikiro momveka bwino kuposa kale.
• Gawo 3: Pa gawoli, tinthu ta `lipofuscin` tomwe timasonkhanitsidwa timayamba kusonkhana mu `macula` kachiwiri ndikuyamba kuwononga `macula`. Izi zimatchedwa `atrophy` ( imfa ya maselo). Izi zimapangitsa kuti zizindikirozo ziwonjezeke.
• Gawo 4: Kuwonongeka kwa macula (atrophy) tsopano kwakula kwambiri. Izi zingayambitse kutayika kwathunthu kapena pang'ono kwa masomphenya anu apakati.

Kodi mankhwala a matenda a Stargardt ndi ati?

Mwatsoka, pakadali pano palibe mankhwala a matenda a Stargardt kapena chithandizo chilichonse chomwe chingathetse kuwonongeka komwe kumayambitsa. Koma musadandaule. Dokotala wanu wa maso angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanu ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa masomphenya. Mutha kuchita zinthu monga:

• Pewani kumwa mankhwala owonjezera okhala ndi vitamini A. Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Stargardt akhoza kutaya masomphenya mwachangu ngati amwa vitamini A wochuluka. Chifukwa chake, musamwe mankhwala owonjezera a vitamini A popanda kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi, ma contact lens ndi/kapena zinthu zothandizira kuona bwino kungakuthandizeni kwambiri pa zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Siyani kusuta fodya (ndi zinthu zina zomwe zili ndi nikotini monga vaping) kotheratu. Kusuta sikwabwino m'maso mwanu konse.
• Valani chipewa kapena magalasi abwino a dzuwa kuti muteteze maso anu mukatuluka panja.

Kumbukirani kuti izi si mankhwala. Komabe, zingakuthandizeni kukhala ndi moyo wabwino kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kodi matenda a Stargardt angachiritsidwe?

Pakadali pano palibe mankhwala a matenda a Stargardt. Komabe, dokotala wanu wa maso angakuthandizeni kukhala ndi vutoli.

Pali nkhani yabwino. Ofufuza akupitilizabe kuchita mayeso azachipatala kuti apeze njira zatsopano zochizira matenda monga kuwonongeka kwa macular (kuphatikizapo Matenda a Stargardt). Funsani dokotala wanu wa maso ngati mungathe kutenga nawo mbali mu imodzi mwa mayeso awa azachipatala. Ngati ndi choncho, mutha kulandira chithandizo chaposachedwa kwambiri.

Kodi ndiyenera kupeza upangiri wa dokotala liti?

Pitani kwa dokotala kapena dokotala wa maso mukangowona kusintha kulikonse m'maso mwanu kapena m'maso mwanu. Zizindikiro za matenda a Stargardt zitha kufanana ndi za matenda ena a maso, omwe mwina ndi ofala kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira ndi kuchiza mavuto aliwonse a maso mwachangu momwe mungathere .

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani ngati muli ndi matenda a Stargardt?

Muyenera kuyembekezera kutaya masomphenya anu apakati pang'onopang'ono. Kwa anthu ambiri, kutayika kumeneku kumachitika pang'onopang'ono, kwa zaka zambiri, nthawi zina zaka makumi ambiri. Komabe, kwa anthu ena, kungachitike mwachangu. Mtundu wa kusintha kwa majini anu a ABCA4 ukhoza kutsimikizira momwe mumataya masomphenya mwachangu komanso mochuluka bwanji. Dokotala wanu wa maso adzakuuzani zambiri za izi.

Muyenera kuyesedwa maso nthawi zonse . Funsani dokotala wanu kuti maso anu ayenera kupimidwa kangati komanso mayeso ena otani.

Kodi ndingathe bwanji kudzisamalira ndekha ndi matenda a Stargardt?

Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mungachite kuti mudzisamalire:

• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Idyani ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso zambiri.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kusunga thupi lanu likuchita zinthu zambiri n'kothandiza pa chilichonse.
• Osasuta fodya.
• Lamulirani kupsinjika maganizo.
• Pitani kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu pa nthawi yake.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita liti kwa dokotala wanga ngati ndili ndi matenda a Stargardt?

Dokotala wanu wa maso adzakuuzani kuti mupitirize kuwaona. Onetsetsani kuti mukupita masiku amenewo. Komanso, ngati maso anu asintha mwadzidzidzi, kapena ngati mukumva kupweteka kapena kusasangalala m'maso mwanu, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wanga okhudza matenda a Stargardt?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a Stargardt, mungafune kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso monga awa:

• Kodi mungandipatse lingaliro la gulu lothandizira pamodzi ndi ena omwe ali mumkhalidwe uwu?
• Kodi ndine woyenerera kutenga nawo mbali mu 'mayeso azachipatala' ?
• Kodi ndiyenera kulankhula ndi mlangizi wa majini ? (Izi zingakuthandizeni kudziwa ngati anthu ena m'banja mwanu ali pachiwopsezo.)
• Kodi mungandipatse malangizo pa zida kapena njira zina zomwe zingandithandize kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku mosavuta ndi vuto la maso ?

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Kukhala ndi Matenda a Stargardt kungakhale koopsa. Chilichonse chomwe chingakhudze masomphenya anu chingakukhudzeni kwambiri. Koma simuli nokha. Dokotala wanu wa maso ndi gulu lachipatala angakuthandizeni kusintha masomphenya anu, kuteteza maso anu, ndikukhala moyo wabwino komanso wotetezeka.

Ngakhale pakadali pano palibe mankhwala a matenda a Stargardt, ofufuza nthawi zonse amafunafuna njira zatsopano zochizira matenda. Ngati mukufuna, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kutenga nawo mbali mu mayeso azachipatala. Musataye mtima!

Matenda a Stargardt, Kuwona, Kuwona Pakati, Retina, Macula, Matenda a Majini