Kodi mwana wanu amapitirizabe kuchita zomwezo? Tiyeni tiphunzire za (Stereotypic Movement Disorder)!

Mwina mwaonapo ana aang'ono, mwina mwana wanu, akugwedeza manja awo, akugwedeza mitu yawo, kapena akugwedeza matupi awo mwanjira yomweyo. Kodi izi ndi zoseweretsa chabe, kapena ndi chizindikiro cha chinthu chomwe tiyenera kuda nkhawa nacho? Lero tikambirana za mayendedwe obwerezabwereza awa, makamaka matenda otchedwa Stereotypic Movement Disorder (SMD) . Musadandaule, tikambirana izi m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi `(Stereotypic Movement Disorder)` ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Stereotypic Movement Disorder ndi vuto limene mwana amachita mayendedwe obwerezabwereza popanda cholinga chilichonse chomveka bwino . Taganizirani kugogoda mutu, kugwedeza thupi, ndi zina zotero. Mayendedwe amenewa angasokoneze zochita za mwana wamba ndipo nthawi zina akhoza kuvulaza thupi.

Malinga ndi malangizo omwe madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito pozindikira vutoli, Buku Lofufuza ndi Kuwerengera Matenda a Mitsempha (DSM-5), mayendedwe amenewa amatchedwa "SMD" ngati sangathe kufotokozedwa ndi matenda ena kapena mankhwala.

Vutoli nthawi zambiri limayamba munthu asanakwanitse zaka zitatu , ndipo nthawi zina limatha kupitirira mpaka atakula.

Kodi `(Motor Stereotypies)` imatanthauza chiyani? Kodi izi ndi zosiyana ndi `(SMD)`?

Inde, pali kusiyana pang'ono pakati pa ziwirizi. Tisanafike pa `(SMD)`, tiyeni timvetse tanthauzo la `(Motor Stereotypies)`. `(Motor Stereotypies)` amatanthauza mayendedwe amenewo, ndiko kuti, zizindikiro. `(Stereotypic Movement Disorder)` amatanthauza vuto limenelo, ndiko kuti, matenda.

Madokotala amagawa ``Motor stereotypies`` m'mitundu iwiri:

• Maonero Osavuta a Mayendedwe: Izi ndizofala kwambiri. Zitha kuwoneka mwa ana aang'ono komanso akuluakulu. Mwachitsanzo, kuyamwa chala chachikulu, kugogoda miyendo, kuzunguza tsitsi, ndi kuluma misomali. Kusuntha kosavuta kumeneku nthawi zambiri sikusokoneza zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku kapena kuyambitsa mavuto aakulu. Izi sizinthu zomwe timachita tili aang'ono okha, komanso nthawi zina ngakhale pamene tikukula.

• Mayendedwe Ovuta Kwambiri a Miyendo: Awa ndi mayendedwe ovuta, obwerezabwereza. Mwachitsanzo, kugwedeza manja, kugwedeza thupi, ndi mayendedwe obwerezabwereza a pakamwa ndi nkhope. Mayendedwe ovuta amenewa nthawi zambiri amayamba asanakwanitse zaka zitatu , nthawi zina amapitirira mpaka unyamata, ndipo amatha kupitirira mpaka ukalamba. Amatha kusokoneza zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo amatha kuwononga thupi. Mayendedwe ovuta amenewa nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu SMD.

Kenako, mitundu iwiri iyi ya ``Motor Stereotypies'' imagawidwanso m'mitundu iwiri:

• Ma stereotypies Oyambirira a Mayendedwe: Izi zimachitika popanda chifukwa chilichonse, kutanthauza kuti, popanda vuto lina la kukula kwa mitsempha.

• Ma Stereotypes a Sekondale a Motor:Izi zitha kuchitika ngati gawo la matenda ena. Mwachitsanzo, mwana yemwe ali ndi vuto lotchedwa ``Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)`` kapena ``Developmental Delay`` akhoza kukhala ndi mayendedwe awa.

Mwachidule, ngati mwana yemwe ali ndi `(ASD)` achita mayendedwe amtunduwu, madokotala amaona kuti ndi gawo la `(ASD)` yokha. Ena amatchanso `(stimming)`. Kuti atchulidwe `(SMD)`, palibe chifukwa china chilichonse chomveka bwino (vuto lina lachipatala) la mayendedwe awa.

Kodi matenda a stereotypic movement disorder ndi ofala bwanji?

Ofufuza sakudziwa bwino momwe matenda a SMD amafalikira, koma nthawi zambiri amaonedwa kuti ndi vuto losowa . Komabe, pali zambiri zokhudza matenda a Motor Stereotypies.

Magulu Osiyanasiyana Okhudzana ndi Kusinthasintha kwa Maganizo ndi osowa. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti amakhudza ana pakati pa 3% ndi 4%. Komabe, chiwerengerochi ndi chokwera mwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda enaake. Mwachitsanzo, 61% ya ana omwe ali ndi zilema zokulirapo komanso 88% ya ana omwe ali ndi vuto la autism spectrum disorder (ASD) akhoza kukhala ndi mayendedwe ovuta awa.

Komabe, malingaliro olakwika okhudza kayendedwe ka thupi ndi ofala kwambiri. Amatha kukhudza ana pakati pa 20% ndi 70% omwe akukula bwino. Izi zikutanthauza kuti si owopsa monga momwe mungaganizire.

Kodi zizindikiro za `(Stereotypic Movement Disorder)` ndi ziti?

Mwana yemwe ali ndi SMD angakumane ndi malingaliro olakwika okhudza thupi lake omwe amasokoneza zochita zake za tsiku ndi tsiku kapena kuvulaza thupi lake. Zitsanzo zina ndi izi:

• Kugwedeza dzanja
• Kugwedeza thupi
• Kugunda mutu
• Kusuntha kosalekeza kwa chala kapena dzanja
• Kupanga mayendedwe ofanana a pakamwa ndi nkhope (mayendedwe a orofacial)
• Kudzimenya, kudzidzudzula, kudziluma.
• Kuluma misomali kwambiri

Makhalidwe amenewa amapezeka kwambiri nthawi ngati izi:

• Pamene kupsinjika maganizo kukuwonjezeka
• Nkhawa ikabwera
• Ukakhala wokondwa kwambiri (chisangalalo)
• Ukamayang'ana kwambiri pa chinthu china (kuganizira mozama)
• Ukangomva kutopa `(kutopa)`

Komabe, ngati chidwi chasinthidwa, machitidwe amenewa nthawi zambiri amachepa kapena kutha.

Ana omwe ali ndi SMD nthawi zambiri amanena kuti amasangalala komanso "amakhala bwino" akamachita mayendedwe awa. Izi n'zosiyana ndi matenda monga Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Mu OCD, mayendedwewa amachitidwa kuti asamaganize zinthu molakwika. Komabe, ngati muyesa kuletsa mwana yemwe ali ndi SMD kuchita mayendedwe awa, akhoza kukwiya, kukhumudwa, kapena kukhumudwa .

Kodi zimayambitsa `(Stereotypic Movement Disorder)` ndi ziti?

Ofufuza sanapezebe chomwe chimayambitsa vuto la kuyenda kwa stereotypic. Kuyenda mobwerezabwereza kumeneku sikukhudzana ndi matenda ena aliwonse amitsempha kapena matenda amitsempha.

Koma kawirikawiri, ofufuza amaganiza kuti "Motor Stereotypies" izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mankhwala ena muubongo, omwe timawatcha "neurotransmitters", mwachitsanzo "dopamine" ", "acetylcholine" "ndi"GABA " .

Zikuoneka kuti pali kugwirizana kwa majini ndi `complex `(Motor Stereotypies)`. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwana amene ali ndi mayendedwe amenewa amakhala ndi wachibale wapafupi (mchimwene wake, mlongo wake, kapena kholo lake) amene ali ndi vutoli. Komabe, palibe jini yeniyeni yomwe yapezeka.

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji `(Stereotypic Movement Disorder)`?

Kuti dokotala adziwe ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la stereotypic movement disorder (SMD), zonsezi ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa :

• Kusuntha kobwerezabwereza kumeneku kuyenera kukhala kwa milungu yosachepera inayi .
• Kusunthaku kuyenera kusokoneza kuyanjana kwa mwana ndi anthu, ntchito ya kusukulu, ndi zochita zake za tsiku ndi tsiku, apo ayi mwanayo ayenera kudzivulaza yekha.
• Palibe chifukwa china chachipatala cha mayendedwe awa.

Choyamba, dokotala wa mwana wanu adzakuyezani thupi ndikukufunsani za mbiri ya matenda a mwana wanu. Adzakufunsaninso za zizindikiro za mwana wanu, mwachitsanzo:

• Kodi kayendetsedwe kameneka kanayamba liti?
• Kodi zinthu zimenezi zimachitika kangati?
• Kodi izi zawonjezeka chifukwa cha zochitika zina kapena malo ena?
• Kodi izi zimakhudza bwanji zochita za mwana za tsiku ndi tsiku?

Ndikofunikanso kuchotsa matenda ena omwe angayambitse kusamvana kwa minofu ndi ziwalo zina, monga Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Izi zingafunike kuwunika ndi mayeso osiyanasiyana.

Dokotala wa mwana wanu angakulangizeninso mayeso ena, monga mayeso a magazi, kuti aone ngati pali chifukwa chakuthupi cha mayendedwe amenewa.

Kodi mankhwala a `(Stereotypic Movement Disorder)` ndi ati?

Nthawi zambiri, palibe chithandizo chapadera chomwe chimafunika pa matenda a stereotypic Movement Disorder. Komabe, ngati mwana wanu akufunika thandizo kuti achepetse mayendedwe amenewa, kapena ngati akudzivulaza okha chifukwa cha makhalidwe amenewa, chithandizo cha khalidwe chotchedwa Habit Reversal Training (HRT) chingakhale chothandiza kwambiri. Izi zingathandize kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mayendedwewo komanso kuchuluka kwa mayendedwewo.

Mu njira yotchedwa `(HRT)`, mwanayo amaphunzitsidwa kuzindikira zizindikiro pamene mayendedwe awa akuyamba ndikuchita makhalidwe ena m'malo mwake. Mwanayo amaphunzira kulamulira khalidwe lake pogwiritsa ntchito njira izi. M'kalasi ndi kunyumba, mphunzitsi wa mwanayo ndi inu mutha kusiya makhalidwe amenewa ndikusokoneza mwanayo mwamsanga mukaziona.

Ngati mwana wanu akudzivulaza chifukwa cha "Maganizo Osiyana a Magalimoto" awa (monga kumenyetsa mutu wake kapena kudzimenya), njira zapadera zingafunike kuti muwateteze. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuwapangitsa kuvala "chipewa" kapena kuvala magolovesi kuti muchepetse kumenyedwa. Mutha kufunsa dokotala wa mwana wanu kapena "Wothandizira pa Ntchito" za njira zinazake zomwe zikugwirizana ndi khalidwe la mwana wanu.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti mankhwala ena angathandize kuchepetsa kusiyana kwa magwiridwe antchito a thupi mwa ana omwe ali ndi vuto la autism ndi matenda ena a neurodevelopmental. Komabe, palibe kafukufuku wosonyeza kuti mankhwalawa amathandiza ndi vuto la kusasinthasintha kwa kayendedwe ka thupi.

Ngati mwana wanga ali ndi vuto la `(Stereotypic Movement Disorder)`, kodi ndiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani?

Makhalidwe a `(SMD)` nthawi zambiri amatha kupitirira mpaka paunyamata ndi ukalamba. Kumbukirani, bola ngati mwanayo sakudzivulaza yekha, makhalidwe amenewa si oipa. Mwina iyi ndi njira yawoyawo yochitira zinthu ndi dziko lapansi. Inde, ikhoza kukhala yosiyana ndi ya ena. Koma si 'yolakwika'.

Ngati mwana wanu akufunika thandizo pa mayendedwe amenewa, onani dokotala wake kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo. Kupatsa mwana wanu ufulu wosankha zochita pankhani ya chisamaliro chake kungamuthandize kumva kuti akulamulira thupi lake ndipo kungakhudze thanzi lake la maganizo.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala wa mwana wanga?

Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la kuyenda kwa stereotypic, zingakhale zothandiza kufunsa dokotala mafunso monga awa:

• "Chifukwa chiyani, Dokotala/Abiti, mwana wanga ali ndi vuto la `(Stereotypic Movement Disorder)`?"
• "Tingadziwe bwanji kuti mwana wanga ali ndi matenda amenewa osati matenda ena?"
• "Kodi pali zizindikiro zina zomwe ndiyenera kuziyang'anira?"
• "Ndingathandize bwanji mwana wanga ndi vuto la stereotypic movement disorder?"
• "Ndi akatswiri otani omwe angathandize mwana wanga?"

Kodi Matenda Osasinthika a Kusuntha Angapewedwe?

Popeza chifukwa chenicheni cha Stereotypic Movement Disorder sichikudziwika, sichingapeweke.

Monga kholo, n'zachibadwa kukhala ndi nkhawa mukaona kusintha pang'ono kwa khalidwe la mwana wanu. 'SMD' kwenikweni ndi njira yongofotokozera mayendedwe obwerezabwereza komanso opanda cholinga ngati awa. Mwana wanu angafunike kapena sangafunike thandizo pa izi. Komabe, chofunika kwambiri ndikuthandizira mwana wanu. Muthanso kupeza thandizo kuchokera kwa dokotala wa mwana wanu. Musaope kufunsa mafunso ndikugawana malingaliro anu. Alipo kuti akuthandizeni.

Zinthu zofunika kwambiri kukumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, nazi zina mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe muyenera kukumbukira kuchokera pa zomwe takambirana:

• Matenda a Stereotypic Movement Disorder (SMD) ndi vuto lomwe limachitika mobwerezabwereza popanda cholinga chomveka bwino.
• Si mayendedwe onsewa omwe ndi oopsa. "Maganizo osavuta okhudza magalimoto" ndi ofala kwambiri.
• Ngati mayendedwe amenewa akusokoneza moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa mwana, ngati adzivulaza okha, kapena ngati mwanayo akuvutika ndi izi, funsani upangiri kwa dokotala.
• Mankhwala ochiritsira khalidwe monga ``Habit Reversal Training (HRT)`` angathandize kuwongolera vutoli.
• Chofunika kwambiri ndi kumvetsetsa mwanayo, kumupatsa chikondi ndi chithandizo, ndikuvomereza mayendedwe awa ngati gawo lake.

Ngati muli ndi mafunso ena okhudza izi, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wa banja lanu kapena dokotala wa ana.

Matenda a Maganizo Osiyanasiyana , mayendedwe obwerezabwereza, malingaliro osagwirizana ndi thupi, autism, ASD, mavuto a khalidwe, thanzi la maganizo la mwana, kudzivulaza