Kodi mwadzidzidzi mwapeza kuti n'zovuta kulankhula kapena kumvetsa? Tiyeni tikambirane za aphasia!

Kodi munayamba mwawonapo wina m'banja mwanu, mwina agogo anu aakazi, agogo anu aamuna, amayi anu, kapena abambo anu, mwadzidzidzi akulephera kulankhula kapena kusokoneza mawu awo? Kapena munayamba mwawawonapo akuvutika kumvetsetsa zomwe mukunena? Kodi munayamba mwawawonapo akuvutika kufotokoza zomwe akuganiza? Chifukwa cha vutoli chikhoza kukhala matenda otchedwa aphasia . Anthu ambiri sadziwa izi. Tiyeni tikambirane momveka bwino lero.

Mwachidule, kodi aphasia ndi chiyani?

Aphasia ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza kulankhulana, kapena luso lolankhulana. Limapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kugwiritsa ntchito mawu, kulankhula, kulemba, ndi kumvetsetsa zomwe ena akunena. Limachitika pamene kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo za ubongo zomwe zimalamulira chilankhulo kumachitika. Nthawi zambiri kumachitika pambuyo pa sitiroko . Chiwopsezochi chimawonjezeka, makamaka pamene tikukula.

Kodi zizindikiro zazikulu za vutoli ndi ziti?

Kuopsa kwa aphasia kungasiyane malinga ndi munthu. Anthu ena angakhudzidwe pang'ono, pomwe ena angakhudzidwe kwambiri.

Kusiyana pakati pa aphasia yofatsa ndi yovuta

Munthu amene ali ndi aphasia yocheperako amatha kulankhula bwino, koma nthawi zina amavutika kupeza mawu oyenera. Mu aphasia yoopsa , kulankhulana kumakhala kochepa kwambiri. Anganene mawu amodzi kapena awiri okha, kapena sangakambirane konse.

Kodi pali mitundu ikuluikulu ya aphasia?

Inde, pali mitundu ingapo ya aphasia. Iliyonse ya iyo ili ndi zizindikiro zosiyana pang'ono. Ikhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu.

• Aphasia Wolankhula Bwino: Anthu awa amatha kulankhula ziganizo zomveka bwino komanso zazitali. Koma ziganizo zimenezo sizingakhale zomveka. Zingamveke ngati akugwirizanitsa mawu osagwirizana.
• Apasia Wosalankhula Bwino : Apa ndi pomwe kulankhula kumathera pakati. Zimafunika khama lalikulu kuti mawu atuluke. Ziganizo ndi zazifupi, zolakwika pa galamala, koma nthawi zambiri, simungamvetse bwino zomwe zikunenedwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, pali mitundu ina yambiri yeniyeni:

1. Expressive aphasia (Broca's aphasia): Mukudziwa bwino zomwe mukufuna kunena, koma n'zovuta kwambiri kuzinena pakamwa kapena kuzilemba.

2. Receptive aphasia ( Wernicke's aphasia ): Mukamva zomwe anthu ena akunena, simungathe kumvetsa tanthauzo lake. Zimene amanena zingakhalenso zosokoneza, chifukwa simukumvetsa zomwe akunena.

3.Apasia yapadziko lonse: Iyi ndi mtundu woopsa kwambiri wa aphasia. Vutoli limatha kuoneka nthawi yomweyo munthu akangofa ziwalo. Kutha kulankhula, kumvetsetsa, kuwerenga, ndi kulemba kumasowa mwadzidzidzi.

4. Primary progressive aphasia: Ili ndi vuto losowa kwambiri. Pakapita nthawi, luso lolankhula, kuwerenga, kulemba, ndi kumvetsetsa limatha pang'onopang'ono. Uwu ndi mtundu wa matenda a dementia.

Nchifukwa chiyani munthu amakhala ndi aphasia?

Chifukwa chachikulu komanso chofala kwambiri cha aphasia ndi sitiroko . Stroke ndi kuwonongeka kwa maselo a ubongo chifukwa cha kutsekeka kapena kuphulika kwa mtsempha wamagazi womwe umapereka magazi ku ubongo. Aphasia imachitika pamene ziwalo za ubongo zomwe zimalamulira chilankhulo zawonongeka motere.

Kuwonjezera pa kufooka kwa minofu, pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zina:

• Kuvulala kwakukulu kumutu
• Chotupa cha Ubongo
• Matenda omwe amakhudza ubongo
• Matenda a mitsempha monga matenda a dementia

Nthawi zina, zizindikiro za aphasia zimathanso kuwoneka kwakanthawi m'mikhalidwe monga mutu waching'alang'ala kapena TIA (transient ischemic attack) , komwe ndi kusokonekera kwakanthawi kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo.

Kodi dokotala amazindikira bwanji izi?

Dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amazindikira matenda a aphasia mukalandira chithandizo cha matenda monga kufooka kwa ziwalo. Angakufunseni mafunso osavuta, kukufunsani kuti muchite zinthu zina, kapena kukufunsani kuti mutchule zinthu m'zithunzi. Izi zidzakuthandizani kudziwa ngati muli ndi matenda a aphasia komanso momwe alili oopsa.

Kuphatikiza apo, mayeso ngati awa amachitidwanso kuti aone komwe ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa ubongo:

• Kujambula kwa CT (Kujambula kwa Computed Tomography)
• Kujambula kwa MRI (Kujambula kwa Magnetic Resonance)
• Kujambula kwa PET (Positron Emission Tomography scan)

Dokotala wanu angakutumizireninso kwa Katswiri wa Matenda a Chilankhulo Cholankhula . Iwo ndi akatswiri pankhaniyi. Adzafufuza luso lanu la chilankhulo mwatsatanetsatane.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Chithandizo chimadalira zinthu zambiri, monga msinkhu wanu, chomwe chayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, ndi mtundu wa aphasia.

Chithandizo chachikulu ndi kulankhula ndi chinenero . Mukayamba izi mwachangu, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino. Katswiri wa zamaganizo adzakuthandizani kukumbukira mawu, kupanga ziganizo, ndi kulankhula. Adzakuphunzitsaninso momwe mungadzifotokozere nokha kudzera muzithunzi ndi zizindikiro pamene simungathe kulankhula.

Kuphatikiza apo, chithandizo chamagulu ndi achibaleNdi mpumulo waukulu. Zimakupangitsani kumva ngati simuli nokha, komanso zimakupatsa mwayi wolankhula ndi ena ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.

Kumbukirani izi mukamalankhula ndi munthu amene ali ndi aphasia:

Ngati wina m'banja mwanu ali ndi vutoli, pali njira zambiri zomwe mungamuthandizire.

• Samalani musanalankhule: Imbani dzina lanu ndipo dikirani kuti akuwoneni.
• Lankhulani pamalo opanda phokoso: zimitsani wailesi ndi TV, ndipo pangani malo odekha.
• Gwiritsani ntchito mawu osavuta ndi ziganizo zazifupi: Koma musalankhule ngati mukulankhula ndi mwana. Lankhulani mwaulemu.
• Lankhulani pang'onopang'ono: Mupatseni nthawi yoti amvetse.
• Mupatseni nthawi: Mupatseni nthawi yoti apeze mawu ndi yankho. Musamufulumizitse.
• Musayese kumaliza ziganizo zake: muloleni ayesere yekha.
• Funsani mafunso omwe angayankhidwe ndi "inde" kapena "ayi."
• Gwiritsani ntchito zizindikiro, zithunzi, ndi zolemba: Ngati mawu sakwanira, onetsani ndi manja anu, lembani, kapena jambulani chithunzi.
• Musafuule mokweza: angakumveni. Vuto ndi kumvetsetsa.

Kodi ndi liti pamene muyenera kufunsa upangiri wachipatala wadzidzidzi?

Aphasia nthawi zambiri ndi chizindikiro cha matenda aakulu, monga kufooka kwa thupi. Chifukwa chake, ngati izi zikuchitikirani inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa, pitani naye ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Pachipatala (ETU) nthawi yomweyo .

• Kulephera kulankhula mwadzidzidzi
• Kulephera kumvetsetsa zomwe zikunenedwa
• Kulephera kukumbukira mawu
• Kulephera kuwerenga kapena kulemba