Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo momwe chakudya chomwe timadya chimasanduka mphamvu, zomwe zimachitikadi m'matupi athu tikamapuma, kapena mtundu wa nkhondo yomwe imachitika m'matupi athu tikadwala? Sayansi ya thupi, kapena sayansi ya momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito , ndi sayansi yomwe imayankha mafunso onsewa ndikutiphunzitsa momwe makina odabwitsa awa otchedwa thupi lathu amagwirira ntchito.
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Mwachidule, kodi Physiology ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, physiology ndi gawo la sayansi lomwe limatithandiza kumvetsetsa momwe matupi athu amagwirira ntchito, tikakhala athanzi komanso tikakhala odwala. Lili ngati chemistry ndi physics ya matupi athu. Limafotokoza chilichonse kuyambira tinthu tating'onoting'ono mpaka momwe ziwalo zonse zimagwirira ntchito limodzi.
Chidziwitsochi chimatithandiza kumvetsetsa momwe thupi limagwirira ntchito likakhala labwino komanso zomwe zimachitika likadwala. Kafukufuku wambiri mu physiology amachitikira m'ma laboratories. Ngakhale asayansi ena amaphunzira puloteni imodzi kapena selo, ena amafufuza momwe maselo amagwirira ntchito kuti apange minofu, ziwalo, ndi machitidwe.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Anatomy ndi Physiology?
Izi n'zosavuta. Taganizirani izi, Anatomy ndi kuphunzira za ziwalo, kapena kapangidwe ka thupi lathu. Zili ngati kuphunzira za injini, matayala, ndi zitseko za galimoto.
Sayansi ya zamoyo ndi kuphunzira momwe ziwalozo zimagwirira ntchito . Izi zikutanthauza momwe injini ya galimoto imayambira, momwe matayala amazungulira, komanso momwe mabuleki amagwirira ntchito.
Mu zamankhwala, X-ray kapena ultrasound scan imatiwonetsa momwe thupi lanu lilili. Izi zikutanthauza zithunzi za zinthu monga mafupa ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Koma kuti aphunzire za momwe thupi lanu limagwirira ntchito, mwachitsanzo, momwe limagwirira ntchito, dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga mayeso a mkodzo , mayeso a magazi , kapena mayeso a ECG .
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Check Availability →Chimachitika ndi chiyani m'thupi likadwala (Pathophysiology)
Pathophysiology ndi nthambi ya physiology yomwe imaphunzira momwe kusintha kwa ntchito ya thupi kumachitikira chifukwa cha matenda kapena kuvulala. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, imaphunzira zomwe zimachitika mkati mwa thupi matenda akachitika.
Nazi zitsanzo zina:
- Kuyabwa ukalumidwa ndi udzudzu: Tangoganizirani kukanda malowo ukalumidwa ndi udzudzu, eti? Chifukwa cha izi ndi chakuti pali mankhwala otchedwa (Histamine) m'malovu a udzudzu. Izi zikamangirira kumapeto kwa mitsempha pakhungu lathu, mitsempha imeneyo imatumiza uthenga ku ubongo kuti "kanda apa". Kodi mwawona njira yasayansi yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa kachinthu kakang'ono aka?
- Kulephera kwa Mtima : Ngati munthu ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kosalamulirika, mtima wake umayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuposa masiku onse kuti upompe magazi m'thupi lonse. Pakapita nthawi, kupsinjika kumeneku kungafooketse minofu ya mtima ndikupangitsa kuti isagwire bwino ntchito.
- Kulephera kwa Impso: Impso zathu zili ngati zosefera ziwiri. Zimasefa zinyalala ndi madzi owonjezera m'magazi ndikuwatulutsa ngati mkodzo. Koma impso zikasiya kugwira ntchito, poizoniyu amayamba kusonkhana m'thupi m'malo motuluka. Izi zimapangitsa kuti munthu akhale ndi vuto lalikulu lotchedwa "End-stage renal disease".
- Matenda a shuga: Mu mitundu ina ya matenda a shuga, kapamba wathu amasiya kupanga mahomoni otchedwa insulin omwe thupi lathu limafunikira. Popanda insulin, shuga m'zakudya zomwe timadya amaunjikana m'magazi m'malo mogwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze mphamvu. Izi zitha kuwononga ziwalo zina zazikulu, monga mtima ndi impso.
Pathophysiology imatithandiza kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ambiriwa.
Machitidwe akuluakulu a thupi lathu ndi kagwiridwe kake ka thupi
Sayansi ya zamoyo imatithandiza kuphunzira za pafupifupi machitidwe onse m'thupi. Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitsochi popanga zisankho zokhudzana ndi matenda athu.
| Thupi (Dongosolo) | Ntchito Yosavuta |
|---|---|
| Matenda a mtima | Magazi amadutsa mumtima ndi m'mitsempha yamagazi. |
| Dongosolo la m'mimba | Kugaya chakudya ndi kuyamwa kwa michere. |
| Dongosolo la endocrine | Kulamulira ntchito za thupi kudzera mu kupanga mahomoni. |
| Chitetezo chamthupi | Kulimbana ndi majeremusi ndi matenda. |
| Minofu | Kuthandiza thupi kuyenda. |
| Dongosolo la mitsempha | Kutumiza mauthenga kudzera mu ubongo, msana, ndi mitsempha. |
| Dongosolo la impso | Impso zimalamulira madzi ndi zinyalala za thupi. |
| Njira yoberekera | Ziwalo zoberekera. |
| Mapumulo | Kupuma kudzera m'mapapo ndi njira zopumira. |
| Dongosolo la mafupa | Mafupa ndi mafupa zimathandiza thupi kukhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso lolimba. |
Kulinganiza thupi (Homeostasis)
Limodzi mwa mfundo zofunika kwambiri zomwe tingamvetse mu physiology ndi homeostasis . Mwachidule, iyi ndi khama lodabwitsa lomwe thupi lathu limachita kuti likhale lokhazikika mkati mwa malo ake amkati , poyankha kusintha kwa malo akunja.
Taganizirani izi, kaya tili padzuwa kapena kuzizira, kutentha kwa thupi lathu kumakhalabe pamlingo womwewo (pafupifupi 37°C). Komanso, mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wa chakudya chomwe timadya, thupi lathu nthawi zonse limayesetsa kusunga zinthu monga shuga ndi mchere m'magazi mwathu mkati mwa mlingo winawake. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa Homeostasis''. Izi zikawonongeka, timadwala.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Sayansi ya zamoyo ndi sayansi yomwe imatiphunzitsa momwe matupi athu ndi ziwalo zawo zimagwirira ntchito. Ili ngati buku la malangizo a thupi la "momwe limagwirira ntchito".
- Kapangidwe ka thupi ndi kuphunzira ziwalo za thupi (kapangidwe ka thupi), pomwe kagwiridwe ka thupi ndi kuphunzira momwe ziwalozo zimagwirira ntchito ).
- Sayansi ya zamoyo imatithandiza kumvetsetsa zomwe zimachitika m'thupi lathu, pamene lili ndi thanzi labwino komanso pamene likudwala.
- Dokotala wanu amagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso ichi cha physiology kwambiri kuti azindikire ndi kuchiza matenda.
- Kudziwa bwino za njira yodabwitsa imeneyi yomwe imachitika m'thupi lathu kumatithandiza kusamalira bwino thanzi lathu.
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