Kodi mwana wanu wamng'ono amaoneka wosiyana ndi kale? Nthawi zambiri amakonda kukhala yekha, ali ndi anzake ochepa, ndipo nthawi zina khalidwe lake limakhala lovuta kumvetsa... Zinthu izi zitha kukupangitsani kuda nkhawa kwambiri. Izi zitha kukhala gawo lachibadwa la unyamata, kapena pakhoza kukhala chifukwa china. Ndicho chimene autism, kapena Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) , imatanthauza. Monga makolo, ndi zachilendo kuti timve mantha komanso nkhawa mwana amene ali ndi matendawa akalowa unyamata. Tiyeni tikambirane izi m'njira yosavuta ndikupeza mayankho a mafunso omwe muli nawo m'maganizo.
Kodi zizindikiro za autism mwa mwana wamng'ono ndi ziti?
Unyamata ndi nthawi imene malingaliro ndi makhalidwe a ana amasintha kwambiri. Chifukwa chake nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa khalidwe labwinobwino la achinyamata ndi khalidwe lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha autism. Palibe chinthu chotchedwa mayeso achangu (teenage autism test). Komabe, pali makhalidwe ndi zovuta zina zomwe mwana wokhala ndi autism amakumana nazo akamalowa unyamata.
| Vuto / Mbali | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Mavuto okhudzana ndi kutha msinkhu | Mtsikana angafunike kufotokozedwa momveka bwino kuti msambo ndi chiyani, umamveka bwanji, komanso zinthu zodzitetezera zomwe angagwiritse ntchito panthawiyi. Anyamata ndi atsikana onse ayenera kuphunzitsidwa momveka bwino za malo oyenera komanso osayenera olankhulira za kugonana ndi kusintha kwa thupi. |
| Khunyu/ Kugwidwa | Ana omwe ali ndi autism ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga khunyu kuposa anthu ambiri. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mahomoni ali aang'ono, ana ena amatha kudwala khunyu koyamba panthawiyi. Ngati mwana ali kale ndi khunyu, vutoli likhoza kukulirakulira. |
| Mavuto ndi ntchito ya kusukulu | Ngakhale mwana amene ali ndi luso pophunzira angavutike kumvetsa mfundo zamaganizo, kuganiza mozama, komanso kulemba nkhani m'magiredi apamwamba. Angavutike kuzolowera kusintha kwa maphunziro kumeneku. |
| Kutaya abwenzi/kuzunzidwa | Makhalidwe obwerezabwereza, zosangalatsa zachilendo, ndi makhalidwe osayenerana ndi anthu a msinkhu wawo zimapangitsa kuti azivutitsidwa ndi anzawo mosavuta. Izi zingawapangitse kutaya anzawo ndikukhala osungulumwa. |
| Matenda a maganizo | Kusintha kwa unyamata ndi mavuto a anthu zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwa ana omwe ali ndi autism kulamulira malingaliro awo. Izi zingayambitse matenda monga kupsinjika maganizo kapena nkhawa. Ndipotu, pafupifupi 39% ya ana omwe ali ndi autism apezeka ndi matenda a nkhawa. |
Kodi pali kusiyana pakati pa atsikana ndi anyamata?
Inde, mfundo yofunika kwambiri iyi. Atsikana omwe ali ndi autism angachite zinthu mosiyana ndi anyamata. Kafukufuku wapeza kuti atsikana amayesa kubisa makhalidwe awo a autism ndikuchita zinthu ngati ana wamba (monga momwe amachitira zinthu). Izi zimatchedwa 'camouflaging' kapena 'masking' .
Tangoganizirani, amayesetsa kulankhula, kumwetulira, ndi kuchita zinthu ngati wina aliyense m'gulu. Ngakhale kuti angaoneke ngati ochezeka kwambiri kunja, ali ndi nkhawa kwambiri mkati.
Ngati mwana wanu wamkazi akuoneka kuti ali ndi autism, koma dokotala akunena kuti "ndi wokonda kucheza kwambiri ndi anthu ena," ndikofunikira kupeza lingaliro lina. Kuchedwetsa kupeza matenda kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha mwana wanu wamkazi chokhala ndi mavuto aakulu amisala.
Nchifukwa chiyani zizindikiro za autism za mwana wanga zikuoneka kuti zikuwonjezeka pa msinkhu uwu?
Mwachidule, ndi chifukwa cha nkhawa.. Timaona zizindikiro za autism kukhala zovuta kwambiri ali aang'ono chifukwa cha kusintha kwatsopano komwe amakumana nako panthawiyo. Ganizirani za kusintha kwa thupi lawo, kuchuluka kwa ntchito kusukulu, kukakamizidwa ndi anzawo, kuganizira za tsogolo ... Zonsezi zikachitika nthawi imodzi, zimakhala zovuta kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi autism kupirira. Ndi chifukwa cha kupsinjika maganizo kumeneko kuti zizindikiro zake zimaonekera kwambiri.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti autism si matenda omwe amayamba mwadzidzidzi ali mwana. Zizindikiro ziyenera kuti zinalipo mwa mwana kuyambira ali mwana. Nthawi zina, zizindikiro sizingawonekere bwino ali mwana ndipo zimatha kubwera ndi mavuto a ukalamba.
Ngati mwana wanu ayamba kusonyeza zizindikiro izi (kukhala yekha, kuchita zinthu zomwezo) ali wamng'ono , zingakhale zina osati autism. Choncho ngati mukukayikira, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji mwana wamng'ono wokhala ndi autism?
Choyamba kukumbukira ndi chakuti autism si mtundu wa umunthu. Ngakhale mwana wanu atakhala ndi makhalidwe a autism, akadali munthu wokhala ndi zomwe amakonda, zomwe sakonda, zosowa zake, ndi momwe akumvera.
Tiyeni tikuthandizeni kukhala ndi anthu ena, koma musamukakamize.
Ana ambiri aang'ono omwe ali ndi autism sakonda kugwira ntchito ndi ena. Komabe, mungawalimbikitse kuti azicheza ndi ena kudzera mu zochitika zomwe amakonda . Mwachitsanzo, mwana amene amakonda kujambula akhoza kuyikidwa mu gulu la zaluso, kapena mwana amene amasewera chida akhoza kuyikidwa mu gulu la nyimbo.
Ngakhale mutakhala kuti mukufuna kuti mwana wanu akhale ndi anzake ambiri, musamukakamize. Angakhale osangalala kwambiri ndi mnzanu mmodzi wapamtima. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kupanga malo abwino oti ubwenzi upitirire.
Phunzitsani momveka bwino maluso ofunikira pa moyo
Ana aang'ono abwinobwino amaphunzira zambiri poyang'ana anzawo osati kuphunzitsidwa mwachindunji. Koma mwana wanu wokhala ndi autism ayenera kuphunzitsidwa maluso awa a moyo momveka bwino, pang'onopang'ono.
- Ukhondo ndi thanzi la munthu: Mungafunike kukumbukira kusamba tsiku lililonse, kugwiritsa ntchito deodorant, ndi kumeta ndevu. Komanso, limbikitsani kugona bwino, kudya bwino , komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
- Kuwongolera Maganizo: Kuzindikira malingaliro monga chisangalalo, chisoni, ndi mkwiyo, kumvetsetsa pamene wina ali wachisoni, ndikuchita zinthu zodzitonthoza pamene mukuvutika maganizo.
- Maluso achitetezo: Aphunzitseni zinthu monga momwe angawolokere msewu, momwe angapemphere thandizo akafunika thandizo, komanso kuti asapite ndi anthu osawadziwa.
- Maluso ocheza ndi anthu :Phunzitsani zinthu zosavuta monga momwe mungayambitsire kukambirana ndi munthu, kufunsa kuti "Muli bwanji?", kupereka moni, zikomo, ndi kutsegula chitseko kuti wina alowe.
- Kusamalira ndalama: Yesetsani kuchita zinthu monga momwe mungayitanitsa chakudya kusitolo ndikulipira, momwe mungapangire bajeti yosavuta, komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito khadi la debit.
Mwana wamng'ono amene ali ndi vuto la autism ali ndi mphamvu ndi zovuta zapadera pakumvetsetsa dziko. Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vuto ndi luso locheza ndi anthu, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake, komanso kuthana ndi kusintha kwa zochita zake za tsiku ndi tsiku, angapindule kwambiri ndi kuwunika kwa autism.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Zizindikiro za autism zikuoneka kuti zikuwonjezeka mwa achinyamata, osati chifukwa cha chiyambi chatsopano cha matendawa, koma chifukwa cha nkhawa zomwe zimakhalapo pa msinkhu umenewo.
- Atsikana amatha kubisa mawonekedwe awo. Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala.
- M'malo mokakamiza mwana wanu kuti apeze mabwenzi, pangani malo omwe angathe kucheza ndi anthu kudzera mu zinthu zomwe amasangalala nazo.
- Phunzitsani maluso a moyo monga ukhondo, kulamulira maganizo, chitetezo, ndi kasamalidwe ka ndalama momveka bwino komanso mwachindunji.
- Mwana wanu ndi wamkulu kuposa autism. Lemekezani umunthu wake ndipo mupatseni chithandizo chomwe akufunikira.
- Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse, mafunso, kapena nkhawa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kulankhula ndi dokotala wa ana kapena dokotala wa matenda amisala a ana.
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