Kodi mwana wanu amene ali ndi ADHD ( attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) wayamba kumwa mankhwala? Koma nthawi zina mankhwalawo sagwira ntchito bwino kapena zotsatira zake zimakhala vuto lalikulu kwa inu. Musadandaule, ichi ndi chinthu chomwe makolo ambiri amakumana nacho. Mankhwala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la chithandizo cha ADHD. Koma si mwana aliyense amene ali woyenera kumwa mankhwala omwewo, mofanana. Mankhwala oyamba omwe aperekedwa sangagwire ntchito bwino. Kenako inu ndi dokotala muyenera kugwirira ntchito limodzi kuti mupeze mankhwala oyenera, mlingo woyenera, komanso nthawi yoyenera. Izi zingatenge nthawi. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tiwone mavuto omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri okhudzana ndi mankhwala awa a ADHD ndi mayankho ake.
Kodi mankhwalawo ndi olakwika? Kapena si mankhwala oyenera?
Mwachidule, pali mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya mankhwala a ADHD: mankhwala olimbikitsa ndi osalimbikitsa.
Ana pafupifupi 8 mwa 10 omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsa mphamvu amapeza zotsatira zabwino. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwana m'modzi mwa asanu sangapindule konse ndi mankhwala awa. Komanso, ana ena amayankha bwino mtundu wina wa mankhwala opatsa mphamvu kuposa wina.
Ubwino wa mankhwala olimbikitsa awa ndi wakuti amayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu . Muyenera kuwona kusintha kwa khalidwe la mwana wanu komanso chisamaliro chake mkati mwa mphindi 30 mpaka 90 kuchokera pamene wapatsidwa mankhwalawo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mudzadziwa nthawi yomweyo ngati mankhwalawo sakugwira ntchito. Kenako mutha kubwerera kwa dokotala ndikukambirana za mankhwala ena.
Komabe, mankhwala osalimbikitsa amatenga nthawi kuti agwire ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala monga atomoxetine (dzina lodziwika bwino la Strattera) angatenge milungu 4 mpaka 6 kuti agwire ntchito bwino. Mankhwala monga viloxazine (dzina lodziwika bwino la Qelbree) angatenge milungu 6 mpaka 8. Chifukwa chake ngati muyamba mankhwala ngati awa, muyenera kuwapatsa nthawi yokwanira kuti agwire ntchito. Musapemphe dokotala wanu kuti asinthe mankhwala anu msanga.
Kodi mlingo wa mankhwalawo ndi wolondola?
Mankhwala a ADHD amabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Koma palibe mlingo woyenera wa mwana malinga ndi msinkhu wake, kulemera kwake, ndi kutalika kwake. M'malo mwake, madokotala amayesa mankhwalawo. Izi zikutanthauza kuyamba ndi mlingo wochepa kwambiri ndikuyang'anitsitsa momwe mwanayo akuyankhira.
Ngati simukuwona kusintha kulikonse pa khalidwe la mwana wanu, mlingo wa mankhwala sungakhale wokwanira. Ngati palibe kusintha patatha masiku atatu mpaka asanu ndi awiri, dokotalayo adzawonjezera mlingo pang'ono.
Kumbali ina, zotsatirapo zake zingatanthauze kuti mlingo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri.Zingakhale chizindikiro chakuti pali vuto. Zikatero, dokotala amachepetsa mlingo.
Choncho, musadabwe ngati zimatenga nthawi kuti mupeze mlingo woyenera wa mwana wanu womwe umawongolera zizindikiro zake popanda zotsatirapo zake. Pamene mwana wanu akukula ndipo thupi lake litazolowera mankhwala, mlingowo ungafunike kusinthidwanso.
Kodi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ndi yolakwika?
Mankhwala a `Stimulant` amapezeka m'njira ziwiri:
- Zogwira ntchito mwachidule: Izi zimayamba kugwira ntchito mkati mwa mphindi 10-15 ndipo zimakhalabe zogwira ntchito kwa maola pafupifupi anayi.
- Zogwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali: Izi zimagwira ntchito kwa maola 6 mpaka 12.
Ana ambiri amakonda mankhwala ' ogwira ntchito nthawi yayitali' kuti akhale maso tsiku lonse la sukulu. Chifukwa mphamvu ya mankhwala ndi yofanana tsiku lonse. Komabe, kwa ana ena, mphamvu ya mankhwalawa imatha tsiku lisanathe.
Tangoganizirani, mwana wanu amamwa mankhwala m'mawa ndikupita kusukulu. Koma pofika 2-3 koloko masana, mphamvu ya mankhwalawo yatha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuchita homuweki. Kapena, amataya chidwi kusukulu.
Njira yabwino yodziwira ngati nthawi yoyenera ndi iyi kapena ayi ndi kulemba nthawi yomwe mwana wanu akumwa mankhwala ake.
- Mankhwalawa anaperekedwa nthawi yanji?
- Kodi zinatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mankhwalawo ayambe kugwira ntchito?
- Mankhwalawa adatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti athetsedwe?
Ndi chidziwitsochi, mutha kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu ndikusintha nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mankhwalawo atha msanga kusukulu, mutha kuwapereka pafupi ndi sukulu m'mawa. Kapena ngati kuli kovuta kuchita homuweki masana, mutha kuwonjezera mlingo wochepa wa mankhwala `ogwira ntchito mwachidule` mukamaliza sukulu. Zonsezi ziyenera kuchitika pokhapokha ngati dokotala wanu wakupatsani upangiri .
| Vutolo | Yankho Lotheka |
|---|---|
| Mankhwalawa sagwira ntchito. | Perekani mankhwalawo nthawi yokwanira kuti agwire ntchito (makamaka osalimbikitsa). Ngati sagwira ntchito, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena. |
| Mlingo wake si wokwanira. | Ngati palibe kusintha kwa khalidwe la mwana, lankhulani ndi dokotala ndipo sinthani mlingo. |
| Kupezeka kwa zotsatirapo zoyipa | Izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha kumwa mankhwala mopitirira muyeso. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuchepetsa mlingo kapena kusintha nthawi ya mankhwala anu. |
| Mankhwalawa amataya mphamvu yake mwachangu. | Funsani dokotala wanu za kusintha nthawi yomwe mumamwa mankhwala anu, kusintha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amagwira ntchito nthawi yayitali, kapena kuwonjezera mlingo wochepa. |
Nanga bwanji ngati pali zotsatirapo zake?
Mankhwala a ADHD amagwira ntchito powonjezera pang'ono kuchuluka kwa mankhwala awiri muubongo. Awa ndi `(dopamine)` ndi `(norepinephrine).` Pamene kuchuluka kumeneku kukukwera, chidwi chimakula. Koma nthawi zina, ngati kuchuluka kumeneku kukukwera kwambiri, zotsatirapo zake zimachitika.
Chabwino kwambiri n’chakuti zotsatirapo zake zambiri zimakhala zazing’ono ndipo zimatha zokha mkati mwa milungu ingapo. Komabe, zina mwa izo zingakhale zosasangalatsa kwa mwana.
Zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri zokhudzana ndi mankhwala a ADHD ndi izi:
- Kuvuta kugona
- Chilakolako cha chakudya
- Kukula pang'onopang'ono
- Mutu ndi kupweteka m'mimba
- Kusasangalala pamene mankhwala akutha
- Matenda a Tics (monga kugwedezeka kwa gawo la thupi mosadzifunira)
Si ana onse omwe amakumana ndi izi. Koma ngati mwana wanu ali ndi chilichonse mwa izi, onetsetsani kuti mwauza dokotala wanu . Mutha kuwongolera izi mwa kuchepetsa mlingo kapena kusintha nthawi ya tsiku yomwe mumapereka mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, kusintha mankhwala 'ogwira ntchito mwachidule' kungathandize mwana wanu kugona mosavuta usiku chifukwa amatha msanga.
Kodi imagwirizana ndi mankhwala ena?
Mankhwala a ADHD amatha kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena omwe mwana wanu akumwa ndipo amayambitsa zotsatirapo zake. Mwachitsanzo, kumwa mankhwala a mphumu otchedwa albuterol okhala ndi stimulant kungapangitse mwana wanu kusakhazikika maganizo.
Choncho, nthawi iliyonse mukayamba mankhwala atsopano a mwana wanu, uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena onse omwe mwana wanu akumwa - kuphatikizapo mavitamini ndi zakudya zina zomwe mumagula ku pharmacy.
Kupeza mankhwala oyenera, mlingo woyenera, komanso nthawi yoyenera kumafuna kuleza mtima. Perekani mwana wanu nthawi yoti azolowere mankhwala atsopano. Ngati palibe kusintha kulikonse, onani dokotala wanu ndikukambirana zomwe mungachite kenako. Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala omwe alipo masiku ano, ndi nkhani ya nthawi yokha musanapeze mankhwala oyenera mwana wanu.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwala a ADHD sagwira ntchito mofanana kwa mwana aliyense. Zingatenge nthawi kuti mupeze mankhwala oyenera komanso mlingo woyenera wa mwana wanu.
- Musasinthe mlingo kapena nthawi ya mankhwala anu momwe mukufunira . Nthawi zonse lankhulani ndi dokotala musanasinthe chilichonse.
- Ngati mwana wanu akukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa, musaope kuuza dokotala wanu. Nthawi zambiri zimatha kuthetsedwa ndi kusintha kosavuta.
- Uzani dokotala wanu kufotokozera kwathunthu za mankhwala ena onse, mavitamini, ndi zowonjezera zomwe mwana wanu akumwa.
- Kuleza mtima n'kofunika kwambiri paulendowu. Kulankhulana bwino ndi dokotala kudzakuthandizani kupeza zotsatira zabwino kwa mwana wanu.
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