Ngati ndinu kholo la mwana wamng'ono yemwe ali ndi autism, mwina munadzifunsapo kuti, "Kodi ndingaphunzitse bwanji mwana wanga kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi?" Izi zingawoneke ngati vuto lalikulu, koma kumbukirani kuti ana omwe ali ndi autism, monga ana ena onse, amasangalala kwambiri akaphunzira zinthu zatsopano. Zimawonjezeranso kudzidalira kwawo. Choncho tiyeni tikambirane izi momasuka komanso momvetsetsa.
Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji ngati mwana wanga wa autism ali wokonzeka kuphunzira chimbudzi?
Monga ana ena, ana omwe ali ndi autism amasonyeza zizindikiro zomwezo zosonyeza kuti ali okonzeka kuphunzira chimbudzi. Komabe, zingatenge nthawi yayitali kuti mwana yemwe ali ndi autism akhale wokonzeka. Izi ndi zachilendo. Nazi zizindikiro zina zomwe zingakuthandizeni kudziwa ngati mwana wanu ali wokonzeka kuphunzira izi.
| Chikwangwani chokonzeka | Mwachidule... |
|---|---|
| Kuyesa kulankhulana | Amayesa kulankhulana pamene thewera lawo lili lonyowa kapena pamene akumwa m'mimba , kaya kudzera m'mawu, zizindikiro, kapena chipangizo chomwe chimawathandiza kuchita zimenezo. |
| Kutsatira malangizo osavuta | Mukhoza kumvetsetsa malangizo osavuta a sitepe imodzi kapena ziwiri (monga, "Pita ukakhale pa chimbudzi") ndikuchita motero. |
| Kusaka zachinsinsi | Akakodza , amayesa kubisala pakona ya chipinda, monga kuseri kwa nsalu. |
| Kuuma kwa maola osachepera awiri | Mukhoza kukhala maola awiri kapena kuposerapo masana osanyowetsa thewera lanu. |
| Kutha kupita kuchimbudzi | Mothandizidwa ndi munthu wamkulu, mutha kupita kuchimbudzi, kuvula zovala zanu, ndikukhala pansi. |
| Kufunitsitsa kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi | Ali ndi chidwi komanso chidwi chofuna kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi. Angakufunseni za izi. |
Kodi tiyenera kuchita chiyani pophunzitsa chimbudzi mwana wokhala ndi autism?
Kuphunzitsa chimbudzi kwa mwana wokhala ndi autism kumasiyana kwa mwana aliyense. Zingatenge chaka chimodzi kapena kuposerapo. Zimatengera umunthu wa mwana, kalembedwe kake, ndi zina zotero. Kuleza mtima ndiye chinsinsi apa.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti choyamba mukhulupirire kuti 'mwana wanga akhoza kuchita izi'. Muyenera kumupangitsa mwanayo kumva chikhulupiriro chimenecho. Timachitcha 'luso lodzinenera'.
Ngati mwana wanu salankhula, mungafunike njira ina yomudziwitsa kuti akufunika kupita kuchimbudzi. Chilankhulo cha manja kapena njira yogwiritsira ntchito makadi azithunzi (PECS - Picture Exchange Communication System) ingathandize.
Nazi njira zina zothandizira mwana wanu kuyenda ulendowu mwa kukhala ndi chikhulupiriro mu luso lake:
- Lankhulani m'njira yoyenera msinkhu wa mwana: Pewani kulankhula ndi mwana wamng'ono mu "kulankhula kwa mwana ." Lankhulani m'njira yoti akumvetsa ndi kulemekeza msinkhu wake.
- Thandizani ndi njira zina zolankhulirana: Ngati kulankhula kuli kovuta, alimbikitseni kuti adziwonetse okha pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro kapena zithunzi, monga tafotokozera kale.
- Musalankhule ngati kuti mwanayo palibe: Mukamalankhula za mwana wanu kwa munthu wina amene ali patsogolo pawo, musalankhule ngati kuti palibe. Muphatikizeni mu zokambiranazo.
- Dziwani kuti khalidwe ndi kulankhulana: Mwana wanu akhoza kukhala akuchita zinthu mwanjira inayake chifukwa akufuna kunena zinazake. Yesetsani kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake khalidwelo likuchitika.
- Lolani mwana wanu kuti akhale chete: Lolani mwana wanu kuti achite zinthu zomwe zimamuthandiza kuti akhale chete (monga kuwomba m'manja, kuzungulira - izi timazitcha kuti 'stimming'). Izi zidzamuthandiza kuthana ndi nkhawa zake.
Kodi ndi mavuto otani omwe ana omwe ali ndi autism amakumana nawo akamaphunzira chimbudzi?
Ngakhale kuti kuphunzitsa ana chimbudzi ndi vuto kwa ana onse, pali mavuto ena omwe amakhudza ana omwe ali ndi vuto la autism okha. Kumvetsa izi kungatithandize kupeza mayankho.
Mavuto ndi lingaliro la kuzindikira zinthu mkati mwa thupi
Mwachidule, umu ndi momwe timamvera zinthu zomwe zikuchitika m'thupi lathu (njala, kutopa, ludzu, kufuna kupita kuchimbudzi ). Ana omwe ali ndi autism nthawi zina amavutika kuzindikira zizindikiro izi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sangamvetse bwino tanthauzo la kupita kuchimbudzi.
Kodi mungachite chiyani? Mukavala mathalauza ophunzitsira ochapira kapena zovala zamkati zokhala ndi nsalu yopyapyala, mwana wanu adzayamba kumva akakhala wonyowa. Izi zithandiza mwana wanu kuphunzira kuzindikira zizindikiro za thupi lake.
Kuvuta kupirira kusintha kwa zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku
Ana ambiri omwe ali ndi autism amakonda kutsatira chizolowezi chawo, chizolowezi chomwe amachita zinthu zomwezo tsiku lililonse. Kuphunzira chimbudzi kumasintha chizolowezichi. M'malo mosintha thewera, tsopano ayenera kupita kuchimbudzi. Kusintha kumeneku kungakhale kovuta kwa iwo.
Kodi chingachitike n’chiyani?
- Chepetsani kusintha : Ngati n'kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito mpando wophunzitsira womwe umalumikizidwa mwachindunji kuchimbudzi m'malo mwa mphika wa ana. Izi zichepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zatsopano zomwe mwana wanu ayenera kuzolowera.
- Gwiritsani Ntchito Nkhani Zokhudza Anthu: Pangani kupita kuchimbudzi kukhala gawo la zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo muuzeni mwana wanu nkhani yochepa yokhala ndi zithunzi.
- Gwiritsani ntchito chowerengera nthawi: Khazikitsani chowerengera nthawi cha nthawi inayake, ndipo chikayamba kulira, dzikumbutseni kuti, "Nthawi yoti mupite kuchimbudzi yakwana."
- Gwiritsani ntchito nthawi yowonera: Pangani nthawi yowonera yomwe ikuwonetsa zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku motsatira dongosolo, kuphatikizapo nthawi yopita kuchimbudzi. Izi zipatsa mwana wanu lingaliro lomveka bwino la momwe tsiku lake lidzayendere.
Mavuto a Maganizo
Ana omwe ali ndi autism amatha kumva zinthu zina movutikira kwambiri. Taganizirani za matailosi ozizira a chimbudzi, phokoso la madzi otuluka m'chimbudzi, kufunikira kotsegula ndi kuvala zovala nthawi zonse... Zinthu zimenezi zingakhale zovuta kwambiri kwa iwo.
Kodi chingachitike n’chiyani?
Yang'anani bwino khalidwe la mwana wanu ndipo mvetsetsani zomwe zimamupangitsa kukhala wosasangalala.
- Pansi pozizira: Ikani kapeti kakang'ono kapena masokosi awiri pansi pa bafa.
- Phokoso lotulutsa mpweya: Ngati muli ndi vuto la phokoso, mungagwiritse ntchito zoteteza makutu.
- Zovala: Valani mathalauza, kabudula, ndi zinthu zina zosavuta kuvala ndi kuchotsa popanda mabatani kapena zipi.
Mavuto a m'mimba (GI)
Ana omwe ali ndi autism ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokumana ndi mavuto a m'mimba kuposa ana ena, monga kudzimbidwa ndi kutsegula m'mimba. Nthawi zina izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kudya mosankha kapena matenda ena.
Ngati muli ndi vuto la m'mimba ngati limeneli nthawi zambiri, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu musanayambe maphunziro a chimbudzi. Dokotala wanu adzakutumizani kwa katswiri wa zakudya ngati pakufunika kutero.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kuphunzitsa mwana wokhala ndi autism zimbudzi kumatenga nthawi. Khalani oleza mtima, achikondi, ndipo gwirani ntchito molingana ndi msinkhu wa mwana wanu.
- Samalani zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti mwana wanu wakonzeka. Musamukakamize kumuphunzitsa.
- Choyamba, khulupirirani kuti ‘mwana wanga akhoza kuchita izi.’ Perekani chikhulupiriro chimenecho kwa mwana wanu.
- Mvetsetsani mavuto ovuta omwe mwana akukumana nawo, monga kusintha kwa zochita zake, ndipo perekani mayankho osavuta.
- Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi vuto la m'mimba nthawi zambiri monga kudzimbidwa, kapena ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse, musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu malangizo.
💬 Comments (0)
Palibe ndemanga zomwe zatumizidwa pano. Onjezani ndemanga yanu pano koyamba.
Onjezani ndemanga yanu