Nthawi zina mwina mwazindikira kuti ana ena aang'ono amavutika kulankhula akangoyamba kulankhula, ndipo mawu awo amakhala osamveka bwino. Komanso, akuluakulu ena, atadwala, makamaka sitiroko , sangathe kulankhula momveka bwino komanso momveka bwino. Izi zitha kukhala zomvetsa chisoni komanso zosautsa kwa munthuyo komanso kwa omwe amawasamalira. Lero tikulankhula za mavuto awa olankhula, kapena monga momwe amatchulidwira ndi madokotala , Kulephera Kulankhula .
Kodi Kulephera Kulankhula N'chiyani?
Mwachidule, vuto la kulankhula ndi vuto limene munthu amavutika kulankhula bwino, m'mawu abwinobwino, kapena pa liwiro labwinobwino. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti alankhule bwino ndi ena. Anthuwa sangatchule mawu ena molondola, kapena angadumphe mawu ena.
Pali chinthu chofunika chomwe sitiyenera kusokoneza apa. Ndiko kuti, 'Kulankhula' ndi 'Chilankhulo' ndi zinthu ziwiri zosiyana.
- Kulankhula kumatanthauza njira yeniyeni yomwe timagwiritsa ntchito polankhula. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, kutulutsa mawu pogwiritsa ntchito nsagwada zathu, lilime, milomo, ndi mawu .
- Chilankhulo ndi dongosolo la mawu, zizindikiro, ndi malamulo omwe timagwiritsa ntchito pofotokoza malingaliro.
Ganizirani kulankhula ngati injini, matayala, ndi chiwongolero cha galimoto. Chilankhulo chili ngati malamulo a pamsewu ndi zizindikiro zomwe tiyenera kudziwa kuti tiyendetse galimoto. Ngakhale galimotoyo ili bwino, ngati sitikudziwa malamulo a pamsewu, sitingathe kuyendetsa bwino. Ngakhale titadziwa bwino malamulowo, ngati pali vuto ndi galimotoyo, sitingathe kuyendetsa. Nthawi zina mavuto onsewa amatha kuchitika limodzi. Vuto la kulankhula limakhala ngati vuto la makina m'galimotoyo.
Kukhala ndi vuto la kulankhula sikukhudza nzeru kapena chidziwitso cha munthu, koma ndi vuto chabe pakupanga mawu.
Kawirikawiri, matenda olankhula amatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu akuluakulu.
| Mtundu wa chisokonezo | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Matenda Osalankhula Bwino | Mavuto ndi liwiro, kulankhula bwino, komanso kupitiriza kulankhula. Kulankhula movutikira, komwe tonse timakudziwa, ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha izi. |
| Matenda a Mawu | Kusakhazikika kwa kamvekedwe, kamvekedwe ka mawu, mtundu wake, kapena kuchuluka kwake. |
| Matenda Okhudzana ndi Kulankhula | Kulephera kutchula mawu ena molondola. Izi zingayambitse kusokonekera kapena kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kwa mawu. |
Kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya matenda olankhula ndi iti?
Matenda olankhula angayambe ali mwana ndipo angapitirire mpaka atakula. Kapena angayambe pambuyo pa ngozi kapena matenda (monga sitiroko). Tiyeni tiwone mitundu ikuluikulu ya izi.
| Dzina la vutoli | Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi izi? |
|---|---|
| Kuchuluka kwa Kulankhula kwa Ana | Izi zingakhudze mwana akangoyamba kulankhula. Izi zimachitika pamene pali vuto ndi zizindikiro zochokera ku ubongo kupita kukamwa, lilime, ndi milomo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mwanayo asamathe kuzisuntha bwino kuti atulutse mawu. |
| Dysarthria | Pamene minofu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito polankhula ikufooka, imalephera kupanga mawu bwino. Kulankhula kumakhala kosamveka bwino komanso kosamveka bwino. |
| Matenda a Myofunctional a Orofacial (OMD) | Minofu ya nkhope ndi lilime imagwira ntchito molakwika. Anthuwa angavutikenso kupuma kudzera m'mphuno zawo. |
| Matenda a Kulankhula | Ndizachilendo kuti ana aang'ono azitha kutchula zilembo zina molakwika akamaphunzira kulankhula. Koma ngati apitiliza kutchula zilembo molakwika ngakhale patatha zaka 4-5, zingakhale vuto. |
| Kugunda | Kubwerezabwereza mawu kapena mawu (monga, "A... A... Mom") popanda kulamulira. Vutoli likhoza kukulirakulira chifukwa cha kupsinjika maganizo ndi mantha. |
| Matenda a Mawu | Mawuwo "amatayika" kapena kumveka mawu chifukwa cha kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso. Izi zikuphatikizaponso zinthu monga kutsokomola kosalekeza komanso kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa mawu. |
Mavuto ena azaumoyo omwe amakhudza mavuto olankhula
Kuwonjezera pa mavuto omwe amabwera ali mwana, mavuto olankhula amathanso kuchitika ali wamkulu pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Izi zimachitika kawirikawiri pambuyo pa matenda, ngozi, kapena opaleshoni. Pakati pa izi, zofala kwambiri ndi matenda otchedwa `Dysarthria` ndi `Aphasia`.
| Udindo | Kufotokozera ndi zifukwa |
|---|---|
| Aphasia | Vuto la chilankhulo ndi kutayika kwa luso lomvetsetsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mawu olankhulidwa kapena olembedwa. Limachitika pamene gawo la ubongo lomwe limayang'anira chilankhulo lawonongeka. Zifukwa:
|
| Dysarthria | Imeneyi ndi vuto la kulankhula. Zimatanthauza kuti chifukwa cha vuto la mitsempha, minofu yomwe imafunika kuti munthu alankhule siikulamuliridwanso. Kulankhula kumakhala kofooka. Zifukwa:
|
Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwa mawu kungachitikenso chifukwa cha ziphuphu za khansa kapena zosakhala khansa m'zingwe zamawu.
Kodi tingamuthandize bwanji munthu wotere?
Kukhala ndi vuto lolankhula kungakhale kokhumudwitsa komanso kochititsa manyazi kwa munthuyo, choncho ndikofunikira kukhala woleza mtima komanso womvetsetsa mukalankhula ndi munthu wotere.
Mukhoza kutsatira malangizo awa:
- Mukamalankhula , lankhulani pang'onopang'ono komanso momveka bwino . Gwiritsani ntchito zizindikiro za manja ngati pakufunika kutero.
- Sungani malo okhala bata . Chepetsani voliyumu ya wailesi yakanema kapena wailesi.
- Gwiritsani ntchito ziganizo zosavuta mukamalankhula.
- Apatseni nthawi yokwanira yolankhula. Musayese kumaliza ziganizo zawo kapena kuwalankhula m'malo mwawo. Mvetserani moleza mtima.
- Lankhulani ndi mawu anu abwinobwino . Palibe chifukwa chofuwula.
- Ngati mukuvutika kulankhula ndi kumvetsetsa, sungani cholembera ndi pepala pafupi kuti mulembe maganizo anu.
Ndikofunikanso kudziwa za nkhawa, mkwiyo, ndi kukhumudwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa chokhala ndi vutoli. Muthanso kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi ndikupempha thandizo kwa mlangizi wa zaumoyo wamaganizo ngati pakufunika kutero.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Matenda olankhula ndi vuto lomwe lingakhudze aliyense wa msinkhu uliwonse, mwana kapena wamkulu. Si vuto lawo kapena kusowa nzeru.
- Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda olankhula, kuyambira chibwibwi mpaka kutaya mawu. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimasiyananso.
- Ngati muwona vuto lililonse kapena zovuta zina pakulankhula kwa mwana wanu kapena wachibale wanu, chinthu chabwino kwambiri choti muchite ndikuwonana ndi dokotala. Adzayesetsa kupeza chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli, ndipo ngati pakufunika, adzakutumizani kwa katswiri wolankhula ndi chilankhulo.
- Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhala woleza mtima, womvetsetsa, komanso wokoma mtima polankhula ndi munthu amene ali ndi vuto lamtunduwu.
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