Indwara z'umutima ni ikibazo gikomeye kuri benshi muri twe. Hari igihe, nubwo nta bimenyetso bikomeye, indwara ikomeye ishobora kugaragara mu mubiri. None se, watangazwa turamutse tukubwiye ko hari uburyo bwo kumenya mbere y'igihe ubuzima bw'umutima wawe, ni ukuvuga ibyago bingana iki byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, cyane cyane indwara y'imitsi itera umutima (CAD)? Yego, aho niho ibizamini by'amaraso biba ingirakamaro. Hashingiwe ku bisubizo by'ibi bizamini n'amateka y'ubuzima bwawe, muganga wawe azagukorera gahunda ikubereye yo kuvura.
Ni nde ukeneye gupima amaraso?
Ubu ushobora kuba urimo kwibaza uti "Ese nkeneye iki gipimo?" Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma muganga wawe ategeka ko bagupima amaraso. Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bintu bishobora gutera ibyago, ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibi bipimo.
- Ingeso mbi zo kurya: Niba urya ibiryo byinshi birimo amavuta, isukari n'ifu.
- Amateka y'umuryango: Niba nyoko, papa wawe, cyangwa abavandimwe bawe bararwaye indwara y'umutima mbere y'uko bageza ku myaka 50.
- Umubyibuho ukabije cyangwa ibiro byinshi: Niba ufite ibiro byinshi ugereranyije n'uburebure bwawe.
- Kutagira imyitozo ngororamubiri: Niba uri umuntu wicara ahantu hamwe umunsi wose ntakore imyitozo ngororamubiri.
- Kunywa itabi cyangwa kunywa itabi: Niba unywa itabi cyangwa ukoresha ubundi bwoko bw'itabi.
- Izindi ndwara: Niba usanzwe ufite indwara nka diyabete, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, cyangwa se wigeze kugira indwara y'umutima cyangwa indwara yo gucika imitsi mu gihe cyashize.
Niba ufite izi ngaruka, ntugatinye. Ntibivuze ko uzarwara indwara z'umutima. Ariko, ni byiza kumenya ingaruka hakiri kare no gufata ingamba zikenewe.
Ibizamini by'amaraso bireba iki?
Mu gihe abaganga bareba ibyago byawe byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, bita cyane ku bintu bike biri mu maraso yawe. Muri make, ibi ni byo bintu by'ingenzi biduha ibimenyetso ku buzima bw'umutima wacu. Reka turebere hamwe buri kimwe muri ibi mu buryo bworoheje.
| Ikizamini | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Cholesterol yose (TC) | Ingano ya cholesterol yose mu maraso. Uko ibi biba byinshi, niko ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima byiyongera. |
| Triglycerides (TG) | Ibi kandi ni ubwoko bw'ibinure biri mu maraso. Bishobora kwiyongera bitewe n'ibiribwa birimo isukari nyinshi, ifu, ibinure, na alcool. Bishobora kugabanuka bitewe no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri. |
| Lipoporoteyine ifite ubucucike bwinshi (HDL) | Ibi byitwa "cholesterol nziza." Bikuraho cholesterol mbi mu mitsi. Uko agaciro kayo kaba kari hejuru, niko karushaho kuba keza. |
| Lipoporoteyine nkeya (LDL) | Iyi ni "cholesterol mbi" . Iyo yiyongera, ishobora kwinjirira mu mitsi y'amaraso ikayifunga. Ni yo mpamvu ikomeye itera indwara z'umutima. |
| Umubare w'amaraso yuzuye (CBC) | Itanga ibisobanuro byuzuye ku tunyangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, uturemangingo tw'umweru tw'amaraso, n'udupira tw'amaraso mu maraso. Ishobora kumenya indwara nka anemia. |
| Hemoglobini A1c (HbA1c) | Igaragaza ikigereranyo cy'isukari mu maraso yawe mu mezi 2-3 ashize. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu gusuzuma diyabete. |
| Glucose yo mu maraso yo kwiyiriza ubusa (Isukari yo mu maraso yo kwiyiriza ubusa) | Igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso gipimwa nyuma yo kwiyiriza ubusa amasaha 8-10. Ishobora kumenya diyabete n'ibintu bishobora kuyitera mbere yo kurwara diyabete. |
| Poroteyine ya C-reactive ishobora kwanduza cyane (us-CRP) | Bigaragaza urwego rw'ububyimbirwe budasobanutse neza mu mitsi y'amaraso. Uko iki gipimo kiri hejuru, niko ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima byiyongera. |
| Serum Creatinine (CR) | Ikizamini gipima imikorere y'impyiko. Iyo impyiko zidakora neza, bishobora no kugira ingaruka ku mutima. |
Uretse ibi, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibindi bipimo byihariye bitewe n'ingaruka zawe. Urugero, ibizamini nka `Lipoprotein (a)`, `Apolipoprotein B (ApoB)`, `Homocysteine (Hcy)`. Buri kizamini muri ibi bifasha kubona ishusho isobanutse y'ibyago byawe byo kurwara indwara z'umutima.
Witegura ute mbere yo gukora ikizamini?
Noneho reka turebe icyo tugomba gukora mbere yo kujya mu kizamini.
1. Kwiyiriza ubusa: Ibizamini bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane ibipima cholesterol (Lipid Profile) n'isukari mu maraso (Fasting Blood Sugar), bisaba kwirinda kurya no kunywa amasaha agera kuri 8-12 mbere yo kwipimisha. Kunywa amazi akenshi ni byiza. Ariko menya neza ko wabaza muganga wawe ibi.
2. Amakuru ku miti: Bwira muganga wawe imiti iyo ari yo yose, vitamine, cyangwa izindi nyongeramusaruro ufata buri gihe. Imiti imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bisubizo by'ibizamini.
Icy'ingenzi kurushaho: Ntugahagarike gufata imiti yawe utabanje kugisha inama muganga wawe. Azakugira inama y'icyo wakora nibiba ngombwa.
Ni gute wasobanukirwa ibisubizo by'ibizamini?
Iyo ubonye raporo y'ibipimo by'amaraso yawe, ushobora kumva ufite ubwoba gato bitewe n'imibare n'amagambo ariho. Ariko ntugahangayike. Reka turebere hamwe urwego rwiza rw'ibintu by'ingenzi birimo.
Umuburo: Izi ni agaciro gasanzwe gusa. Izi gaciro zishobora gutandukana bitewe n'imyaka yawe, igitsina, n'izindi ndwara. Kubwibyo, vugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo akubere ibisobanuro nyabyo by'isuzuma ryawe.
| Ikizamini | Urwego rwiza |
|---|---|
| Cholesterol yose (TC) | Munsi ya 200 mg/dL |
| Triglycerides (TG) | Munsi ya 150 mg/dL |
| HDL (cholesterol nziza) | Abagabo: hejuru ya 45 mg/dL Abagore: hejuru ya 55 mg/dL |
| LDL (cholesterol mbi) | - Ku bafite ibyago bisanzwe: munsi ya 130 mg/dL - Ku barwaye diyabete/indwara z'umutima: 100 mg/dL cyangwa munsi ya 70 mg/dL (nk'uko muganga yabigusabye) |
| Hemoglobini A1c (HbA1c) | Munsi ya 5.7% (muzima) 5.7% - 6.4% (ibyago byo kurwara diyabete mbere yo kurwara) Hejuru ya 6.5% (diyabete) |
| Kwiyiriza ubusa isukari mu maraso | Munsi ya 100 mg/dL (ifite ubuzima bwiza) 100 - 125 mg/dL (ibyago byo kurwara diyabete mbere y'uko itangira) Hejuru ya 126 mg/dL (diyabete) |
Ukora iki nyuma yo kubona ibisubizo?
Niba ibisubizo by'ibipimo by'amaraso yawe biri mu kaga, ntugatinye. Ntibivuze ko uhita ugira indwara. Ni umuburo ku byago .
Muganga azaganira nawe kuri ibi bisubizo kandi akusobanurire icyo gukora nyuma. Ushobora:
- Guhindura imibereho: Bitanga inama ku buryo bwo kugenzura imirire yawe n'imyitozo ngororamubiri.
- Kwandikira imiti: Gusaba gutangira imiti igabanya cholesterol, kugenzura umuvuduko w'amaraso, cyangwa kugenzura urugero rw'isukari.
- Ibindi bizamini: Ushobora koherezwa mu bindi bizamini nka ECG, Echo, na Exercise ECG kugira ngo urebe neza imikorere y'umutima.
Wibuke ko ibi bipimo by'amaraso ari amahirwe meza yo gufata inshingano ku buzima bwawe. Icy'ingenzi ni ugukoresha ibi bisubizo kugira ngo ugire ubuzima bwiza.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Gupima amaraso ni igikoresho cy'ingenzi cyane mu kumenya hakiri kare ibyago by'indwara z'umutima.
- Ubwiyongere bw'ibinure bibi (LDL) n'igabanuka ry'ibinure byiza (HDL) ni byo bimenyetso by'ingenzi by'umuburo.
- Ibipimo bya HbA1c n'ibipimo by'isukari mu maraso byo kwiyiriza ubusa ni ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane diyabete n'ibintu bishobora kuyitera mbere yo kurwara diyabete.
- Uko ibyavuye mu gupima amaraso yawe byaba biri kose, ntugafate ibyemezo wenyine. Buri gihe gisha inama muganga wawe.
- Nubwo ibisubizo by'ibizamini byaba biri mu kaga gakomeye, ingaruka zishobora kugenzurwa ahanini hakoreshejwe uburyo bwiza bwo kubaho, ndetse nibiba ngombwa, imiti.
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Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.