Isuzuma ry'amaraso ryihishe ritera indwara z'umutima, buri wese agomba kumenya (Lipoprotein(a) - Lp(a))

Utanga amaraso kugira ngo urebe cholesterol yawe hanyuma ubone raporo. LDL, HDL, triglycerides ... Ni ihumure rikomeye kubona ko ibintu byose bimeze neza, sibyo? "Oh... ntabwo mfite cholesterol, ntabwo nzagira ibibazo by'umutima," ushobora gutekereza. Ariko, wari uzi umwanzi wihishe utagaragara muri iyi raporo isanzwe ya cholesterol, ariko ugira ingaruka zikomeye ku ndwara z'umutima? Uyu munsi tugiye kubiganiraho.

Lipoprotein (a) cyangwa Lp (a) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, Lipoprotein(a) , cyangwa Lp(a) mu magambo ahinnye, ni agace karimo ibinure mu maraso yacu, kimwe na cholesterol. Ariko aka ni akadasanzwe gato. Aka gace ka Lp(a) gashobora gufata ku nkuta z'imitsi yacu (imitsi) cyane kurusha cholesterol ya LDL twese tuzi nka "cholesterol mbi", hanyuma kagafunga buhoro buhoro. Tekereza umuvuduko w'imodoka mu muhanda, iyo iyi Lp(a) yiyongereye, amaraso atembera mu mitsi yacu araziba. Mu buvuzi, iyi ndwara tuyita indwara y'umutima n'imitsi ya atherosclerotic (ASCVD) . Iyi ndwara ni yo itera indwara zikomeye nk'indwara z'umutima na stroke uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Ikibazo gikomeye kuri ibi ni uko urugero rwa Lp(a) rwiyongera cyane kuruta ibyo turya cyangwa dukora siporo, ahubwo ruterwa n'uturemangingo twacu. Ni ukuvuga ko ari ikintu dukura ku babyeyi bacu. Uko waba ubayeho kose, urugero rwa Lp(a) rwawe rushobora kuba ruri hejuru mu buryo bw'uturemangingo. Niyo mpamvu, nubwo raporo yawe ya cholesterol yaba nziza, ari ngombwa kumenya iyi ngaruka mbi ihishe.

Kuki iki kizamini ari ingenzi cyane? Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye?

Kugeza vuba aha, ikizamini cya Lp(a) cyaganirwaho cyane n'abaganga b'indwara z'umutima. Ariko ibyo birahinduka. Amashyirahamwe akomeye y'abaganga ku isi ubu asaba ko buri muntu mukuru agomba gukora ikizamini cya Lp(a) nibura rimwe mu buzima bwe .

Tekereza, hari abarwayi bamwe na bamwe bagiye bagira indwara z'umutima ebyiri cyangwa eshatu, stent, cyangwa se bakabagwa bypass, ariko nta mpamvu iboneka isobanura impamvu ibi bibaho. Muri bene ibyo bihe, iyo hagenzuwe urugero rwa Lp(a), basanga ruri hejuru cyane. Ibyo bivuze ko iyi ishobora kuba impamvu nyamukuru imaze igihe kinini ihishwe.

Reka turebe imbonerahamwe iri hepfo kugira ngo turebe itandukaniro riri hagati y’ikizamini gisanzwe cya cholesterol n’ikizamini cya Lp(a).

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye kurusha abandi?

Nubwo umuntu wese ashobora kugira urugero rwa Lp(a) ruri hejuru, amwe mu matsinda ashobora kuba afite ibyago byinshi kurushaho:

• Abantu bafite amateka y'indwara z'umutima mu muryango wabo: Niba umuvandimwe wawe wa hafi, nka mama wawe, so, cyangwa abavandimwe bawe, baragize indwara y'umutima cyangwa indwara yo gucika imitsi akiri muto (munsi y'imyaka 55 ku bagabo, munsi y'imyaka 65 ku bagore), ushobora kugira urugero rwa Lp(a) ruri hejuru.
• Amoko amwe: Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko abantu bakomoka muri Afurika bashobora kuba bafite urwego rwa Lp(a) ruri hejuru kurusha andi moko.
• Abagore bamaze gucura: Igipimo cya Lp(a) gishobora kwiyongera gato mu bagore nyuma yo gucura.
• Abarwayi ba diyabete: Uruvange rwa diyabete n'urugero ruri hejuru rwa Lp(a) byongera cyane ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima.

Twakora iki niba urwego rwa Lp(a) ruri hejuru?

Noneho, ushobora kuba wibaza uti "Bite se niba urugero rwanjye rwa Lp(a) ruri hejuru? Ese hari umuti wabyo?" Iki ni ikibazo cy'ingenzi cyane.

Kuri ubu, imiti yibasira kandi ikagabanya urugero rwa Lp(a) iracyari mu cyiciro cya nyuma cy’ubushakashatsi. Hari icyizere gikomeye ku miti nka Pelacarsen , biteganijwe ko ibisubizo byayo bizaboneka bitarenze umwaka wa 2025.

Ariko, ntushobora gutegereza ko bibaho gusa. Ikintu kimwe gusa gikomeye ni ukumenya ko urugero rwa Lp(a) rwawe ruri hejuru. Muri ubwo buryo, wowe na muganga wawe mushobora gufata izindi ngamba zo kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima muri rusange.

Niba urugero rwawe rwa Lp(a) ruri hejuru, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama ikurikira:

1. Kugenzura neza cholesterol ya LDL: Niba Lp(a) yawe iri hejuru, ni ngombwa cyane kugabanya urugero rwa LDL ("cholesterol mbi") uko bishoboka kose. Ibi bishobora gukorwa ukoresheje imiti nka statins .

2. Kugenzura izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera indwara: Izindi mpamvu zose zishobora gutera indwara nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, diyabete, kunywa itabi, n'umubyibuho ukabije zigomba kugenzurwa neza.

3. Kumenyesha umuryango: Kubera ko urugero rwa Lp(a) ari urw'uturemangingo, niba urugero rwawe rwa Lp(a) ruri hejuru, ni ngombwa cyane kumenyesha abana bawe, abavandimwe bawe, n'ababyeyi bawe kugira ngo nabo bakore iki kizamini.

Inyandiko yihariye ku miti ya statin

Hari abantu bamwe bumva ko imiti ya statin cholesterol ishobora kongera gato urugero rwa Lp(a). Ibi bishobora kuba ari ukuri. Ariko, inyungu za statin mu kugabanya cholesterol ya LDL no kugabanya ibyago by'indwara z'umutima muri rusange ziruta cyane ingaruka zishobora guterwa no kwiyongera gato k'urugero rwa Lp(a). Bityo rero, ntugahagarike gufata statin yawe nta nama za muganga.

Vugana na muganga wawe ku bijyanye no gupimwa Lp(a) yawe. Nubwo iki atari ikizamini gisanzwe, bashobora kukwohereza muri iki kizamini nyuma yo kuganira ku mateka y'umuryango wawe n'ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago. Iyi ni intambwe y'agaciro ushobora gutera ku buzima bwawe bw'ejo hazaza.